Figure 5 - uploaded by Gintaras Kantvilas
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Infestation of Euphorbia paralias (sea spurge) along the westernmost coast of the property (site 12, Figure 1).
Source publication
A flora survey of the Stony Head Training Area, northern Tasmania, was conducted in 2020-2021 as a collaboration between the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery's Expeditions of Discovery and the Australian Biological Resources Study Bush Blitz programs. With a long historical use as an artillery range, the 5000-ha area contains a range of geologies,...
Citations
... The tenure of land with Australian defence interests varies across the country and includes Crown land, Crown leasehold land and freehold. Approximately three million hectares are Commonwealth land considered in the Defence Estate Heritage Strategy [58] Native vegetation is present across most of the defence estate [59], and a number of properties have ecological significance (e.g., [60,61]). The Department of Defence must manage its estate to ensure it meets the requirements of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 [57]. ...
Other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) have been a feature of global biodiversity targets since 2010 (Aichi Targets, Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework), although the concept has only relatively recently been formally defined. Although uptake has been limited to date, there is much interest in identifying OECMs to contribute to the target of protecting at least 30% of terrestrial, freshwater and ocean areas by 2030, in conjunction with protected areas. Australia has a long history of protected area development across public, private and Indigenous lands, but consideration of OECMs in policy has recently begun in that country. We review principles proposed by the Australian Government for OECMs in Australia and highlight where these deviate from global guidance or established Australian area-based policy. We examined various land use categories and conservation mechanisms to determine the likelihood of these categories/mechanisms meeting the OECM definition, with a particular focus on longevity of the mechanism to sustain biodiversity. We identified that the number of categories/mechanisms that would meet the OECM definition is relatively small. A number of potentially perverse outcomes in classifying an area as an OECM are highlighted in order to guide proactive policy and program design to prevent such outcomes occurring.
... In coastal scrub and heathland, Cliostomum griffithii can be common on the twigs and trunks of small trees and shrubs such as Banksia marginata, Myoporum insulare and Leucopogon parviflorus, where it can be associated with Finally, Cliostomum griffithii is often the dominant epiphytic species in swampy, lowland Melaleuca ericifoliadominated woodland, forming extensive thalli that cover entire trunks of papery bark for several metres. These woodlands are considered to be of very high conservation value, especially for their lichens (Baker et al. 2021;de Salas et al. 2023), and C. griffithii is associated with numerous lichen species that are considered rare and highly localized, for example Bactrospora metabola (Nyl.) Egea & Torrente, B. paludicola Kantvilas, Bacidia septosior (Nyl.) ...
Seven species of Cliostomum Fr. recorded from Australia are treated. These include the widespread C. griffithii (Sm.) Coppins, the austral C. praepallidum (Müll. Arg.) Kantvilas & Fryday and the Tasmanian endemic C. vezdae Kantvilas, a reinstated name previously subsumed under C. flavidulum Hafellner & Kalb. Three species are described as new: C. latisporum Kantvilas, a corticolous species containing atranorin and gangaleoidin from coastal Tasmania and New South Wales, characterized by pale pink, soon immarginate apothecia, 0.3–0.9 mm wide, non-capitate, unpigmented paraphyses, and relatively wide, 1(–3)-septate ascospores, 9–15 × 4–6 μm; C. litorale Kantvilas, a saxicolous species containing atranorin and confluentic acid, recorded only from Tasmania, with relatively large, usually pale pinkish apothecia, 0.6–1.5 mm wide, non-capitate paraphyses, and 1(–2)-septate ascospores, 9–13 × 4−6 μm; and C. saxatile Kantvilas, a saxicolous species containing atranorin and lecanoric acid, also known only from Tasmania, with dark brown to black apothecia, 0.3–0.5 mm wide, pigmented with Laurocerasi-brown, capitate paraphyses, and 1-septate ascospores, 7–14 × 3–5 μm. The widespread, coastal Australasian species Tylothallia verrucosa (Müll. Arg.) Kantvilas is transferred to Cliostomum, with the additional synonym Catillaria brisbanensis Räsänen. Megalaria variegata (Müll. Arg.) D. J. Galloway, based on a New Zealand type, is a further synonym of Cliostomum griffithii. All species are illustrated and described on the basis of Australian and Tasmanian specimens.
