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![Image illustrating the induction of electrical currents in the brain (black arrows) through the magnetic pulses (red/pink) applied by means of the coil [37].](publication/327956940/figure/fig3/AS:676177291264001@1538224637145/Image-illustrating-the-induction-of-electrical-currents-in-the-brain-black-arrows.png)
Image illustrating the induction of electrical currents in the brain (black arrows) through the magnetic pulses (red/pink) applied by means of the coil [37].
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![Figure 2. Epigenetic Modifications, repression and activation [12].](publication/327956940/figure/fig1/AS:676177291255808@1538224637056/Epigenetic-Modifications-repression-and-activation-12_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 6. Typical set-up of an ECT session [36].](publication/327956940/figure/fig2/AS:676177291272193@1538224637109/Typical-set-up-of-an-ECT-session-36_Q320.jpg)
“After this, there is no turning back. You take the blue pill—the story ends, you wake up in your bed and believe whatever you want to believe. You take the red pill—you stay in Wonderland, and I show you how deep the rabbit hole goes. Remember: all I'm offering is the truth.”
Epigenetics is a bit like the red pill - the more it is researched the...
Citations
... The main purposes of this study are to identify potential miRNAs targeting cancer genes in colorectal cancer only to a specific population, particularly the Caucasian population. The study of epigenetics within a specific population is required in order to understand whether environmental factors affecting gene expression only applied to a specific population or to the whole general population [11]. The aim of this study is to observe whether the miRNAs and target genes which has been previously identified are the same with those in a specific population (Caucasians). ...
... This study is only specific to the Caucasian population. Therefore, the role of the miRNAs identified in this study and previous study might be different due to the presence of environmental factors as it is able to affect the genes and miRNAs expression [11]. ...
Colorectal carcinoma or colon cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancers and one of the most leading cause of death worldwide. Current advance in diagnosis and chemotherapy able to improve the survival rate of patients in early-stage of CRC, however, the same treatment fails to achieve satisfactory effect in a patient with advanced stage CRC. Study of microRNAs (miRNAs) currently being developed in order to improve the outcomes of cancer treatment. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs which perform a critical role in the regulation of gene expression and may act as tumor suppressors in various type of cancer including in CRC. The focus in this study is to identify various miRNAs and their target genes particularly in Caucasian population based on the expression data obtained from NIH GDC Portal using TCGA-Assembler. The data were filtered and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEM) and genes (DEG) were determined. Afterward, a correlation test was applied to expression data by using MATLAB. Statistical analysis of expression data identified potential miRNAs targeting cancer genes including hsa-mir-141, hsa-mir-200a, and hsa-mir-7-1. Further validation analysis can be conducted using RNAhybrid. Suggestions for future study including comparing the miRNA and target genes from 2 different populations (races) or in general populations.
... This study aims to create an in silico transcriptomic pipeline using Python3, RStudio, and MATLAB to find correlation between miRNA and gene regulation in bladder cancer on a specific population between male and female of a specific race (Caucasian), which has never been conducted before, in order to ultimately pinpoint the difference and cause of bladder cancer in each population. A specific population was chosen for this study because of its connection with epigenetics where non-coding RNA (miRNA) modifications are affected by environmental factors such as sex, race, and diet among other factors which can alter gene expressions according to an article made by Pace and Blundell (2018) [8]. ...
... This study aims to create an in silico transcriptomic pipeline using Python3, RStudio, and MATLAB to find correlation between miRNA and gene regulation in bladder cancer on a specific population between male and female of a specific race (Caucasian), which has never been conducted before, in order to ultimately pinpoint the difference and cause of bladder cancer in each population. A specific population was chosen for this study because of its connection with epigenetics where non-coding RNA (miRNA) modifications are affected by environmental factors such as sex, race, and diet among other factors which can alter gene expressions according to an article made by Pace and Blundell (2018) [8]. ...
... The role of epigenetics has been studied both in coding and non-coding genes such as miRNA and long non-coding RNA [2,3]. This new layer of cancer formation is important to be identified since it can suggest the new drugs and therapy for the precision medicine and also personal medicine since epigenetic modifications are affected by environmental factors [4]. It is suggested that between the races or even between the people is possibly need different treatment. ...
Aberrant expression of genes in cancer is mainly caused by a mutation where there is a change in DNA sequences. However, the aberrant expression was also found without a change in the DNA sequences where epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNA become the main regulator in another layer of the cancer mechanism. The nature of epigenetic is heritable and reversible. It is important to search for the epigenetic mechanism in disease development in order to design epigenetic therapy and drugs. Methylation inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors drug already yielded seven FDA approved epigenetic drugs for myelodysplastic syndrome, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Multiple myelomas, peripheral T-cell lymphoma. This study search for the epigenetic mechanism in a kidney renal cell carcinoma patients in a white race. The dataset of transcriptome profiling and epigenetic was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Some programming languages such as R, Python, Matlab and MySQL database were used to pre- processing the datasets and correlation computation part. This study found 14 aberrant genes which significantly correlated with 19 aberrant methylation probes with the correlation score less than equal to -0.7 and p-value < 0.01. Some of those down-regulated genes such as ZNF542, ZFP28, TMEM25, STK33 are correlated with hypermethylation in more than one sites. It is suggested that those methylation sites can affect the down-regulation of their expression in cancer formation. Further study is needed to validate the results through wet lab analysis.
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