Figure - available from: Head and Neck Pathology
This content is subject to copyright. Terms and conditions apply.
![Idiopathic cystic chondromalacia. a Low magnification of cystic cleft within auricular cartilage (Hematoxylin and eosin [H&E], ×50). b Higher magnification of transition between cystic cleft and surrounding cartilage. (H&E, ×200)](publication/326751153/figure/fig1/AS:962735714078737@1606545489907/Idiopathic-cystic-chondromalacia-a-Low-magnification-of-cystic-cleft-within-auricular.jpg)
Idiopathic cystic chondromalacia. a Low magnification of cystic cleft within auricular cartilage (Hematoxylin and eosin [H&E], ×50). b Higher magnification of transition between cystic cleft and surrounding cartilage. (H&E, ×200)
Source publication
Although the majority of conditions involving the ear and temporal bone are inflammatory or epithelial based, cartilage and osseous entities will also be encountered. The pathologic examination of these underlying cartilaginous and osseous structures and their histologic findings and associated differential diagnoses will be discussed. Correlation...
Citations
... The starting factor for the appearance of the first altered cells may be injuries from which the chondroma develops. In addition, the factors provoking the appearance of chondroma of the ear are chronic inflammatory processes, hereditary predisposition, and surgical intervention that damage the integrity of the cartilage tissue [10]. Operation. ...
A typical place of localization of chondroma is the cartilaginous tissue of the auricle, which rarely develops and most often in people at a young age. Existing treatment methods are effective and widespread, however, any injury to the tumor accelerates its growth. Therefore, significant development of chondromas is observed after a trial excision or incomplete removal. Cryosurgical treatment refers to gentle, less traumatic methods. Тhe authors describe a case from practice: removal of the chondroma of the outer ear using a СAO-2 cryoapparatus with an individual polyethylene cap, which allows for accelerating and simplifying the process of thawing and re of the instrument. This intervention is outpatient and does not require special preparation. Taking into account the undesirable complications after cryotherapy (swelling, pain due to increased tissue turgor, local deterioration of blood circulation) on the one hand, and taking into account the antitoxic, calming, relaxing, and analgesic effect of magnesium on the body as a whole, the authors used balneotherapy in the form of a course of applications with a natural balneological agent with a high content of magnesium chloride on the zone of cryotherapy, as well as its drinking course consumption. The observation showed that the intervention using a cryoapplicator is a gentle method, slightly damaging the surrounding tissues, minimizing the possibility of intraoperative bleeding, allowing to accelerate the operation process and healing time, and, accordingly, reducing the patient's incapacity for work. Applying the results in clinical practice will significantly reduce the likelihood of deformation of the outer ear and maintain its primary functions.
... Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a benign chondroid tumor, accounting for less than 1% of all cartilaginous tumors, which has been reported rarely in the head and neck, involving sites such as the temporal bone, paranasal sinuses, nasal septum, and skull base [20][21][22][23]. Depending on the anatomic site involved, the patient's presenting symptoms may include tinnitus, headaches, pain, hearing loss, vertigo, visual disturbances, and sinonasal congestion. ...
Clinically, radiologically, and pathologically, chondroid neoplasms of the skull can be diagnostically challenging due to overlapping features in each of these domains. Compounding the problem for the pathologist, there is also significant morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular genetic overlap between benign and malignant cartilaginous lesions, and the majority of these lesions are encountered quite rarely in routine surgical pathology practice. Each of these factors contribute to the diagnostic difficulty posed by these lesions, highlighting the importance of radiologic-pathologic correlation in the diagnosis. This review is intended to provide an update for surgical pathologists on some of the most commonly encountered chondroid neoplasms in the skull, and includes the following lesions: chondromyxoid fibroma, synovial chondromatosis, chondrosarcoma and variants, and chordoma and variants. For each of these lesions, the differential diagnosis and useful ancillary tests will be discussed in the context of a broad range of additional primary and secondary lesions.
... Embryologically, TMJ develops from hyaline cartilage with enchondrosis and ossification. 1 It has a strategic location and harbors a myriad of pathologic alterations including arthritides and benign and malignant neoplasms. The synovial membrane lines the joint surface and is composed of two layers: synovial intima comprising of up to four layers of polygonal cells and subintimal layer composed of connective tissue. 2 Herein, we describe our institutional experience of some uncommon and unusual synovial pathologies of the TMJ including synovial chrondromatosis, tenosynovial giant cell tumor (localized and diffuse types), and synovial sarcoma. ...
Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) harbors a myriad of pathologic alterations including arthritides and benign and malignant neoplasms.
Methods: Herein, we describe our institutional experience of some uncommon and unusual synovial pathologies of the TMJ along with a review of literature. We searched through the archives of department of pathology and
institutional electronic medical record for specimens of TMJ between 1999 and 2019. Hematoxylin and eosin slides were reviewed and data (final diagnosis, age, gender, clinical presentation, tumor size, treatment modality, recurrence, and vital status) were collected.
Results: A total of seven cases were identified including four cases of synovial chrondromatosis; and one case each of tenosynovial giant cell tumor, localized type, tenosynovial giant cell tumor, diffuse type, and synovial sarcoma.
Conclusions: The article emphasizes on the clinical, radiologic, pathologic, and molecular features of these uncommon entities. The differential diagnosis of each entity is also discussed. Current updates in the management are also reviewed.
Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a rare benign disorder, usually found in larger joints. This case report describes an elderly woman with a bulging mass behind the left eardrum, slowly progressing in size. On surgical exploration and biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with SC of the incudomalleolar joint. Imaging and histopathological findings, surgical management and follow-up are being discussed. SC is a very rare finding in the middle ear and a differential diagnosis to cholesteatoma.
‘Bullough lesions’, also referred to as protuberant fibro-osseous lesions (PFOL), are rare temporal bone lesions initially described in 1999. Since only 12 cases have been reported, several key issues, such as their origin and recommended management strategies, remain unresolved. This article reports the largest cohort included in the literature to date, comprising four patients with PFOL. PFOL appears to be characterized by female and right-side predominance. These lesions were consistently located regarding the mastoid, generally diagnosed in early adulthood, without functional symptoms, and were always fibro-osseous. Invasive/malignant features were not found on imaging or histology. The main differential diagnosis was malignant low-grade parosteal osteosarcoma. Clinical examination and computed tomography images provided strong elements supporting the diagnosis of PFOL. Biopsy allowed molecular biology investigations (MDM2 and CDK4 amplification), in order to rule out low-grade parosteal osteosarcoma.
