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Models defined using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) are nowadays common parts of software documentations, specifications and sometimes even implementations. However, there
is a broad variety of how UML is used. Reasons can be found, for example, in the lack of generally accepted modeling norms
and guidelines, the semi-formal semantics of UML,...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... ISO/IEC 9126-model defines no uses, but distinguishes between internal quality, external quality and quality-in-use. The quality ISO/IEC 9126-model is a generic quality model that covers internal and external quality in one abstract model ( Figure 3). The model for quality-in-use is similar to the operation use of the McCall model. ...
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Although the representation of source code in plain text format is convenient for manipulation by programmers, it is not an effective format for processing by software engineering tools at an abstraction level suitable for source code analysis, reverse-engineering, or refactoring. Textual source code files require language-specific parsing to uncov...
Software quality assurance is concerned with the efficient and effective development of large, reliable, and high-quality software systems. In agile software development and maintenance, refactoring is an important phase for the continuous improvement of a software system by removing quality defects like code smells. As time is a crucial factor in...
Citations
... Lange and Chaudron [91] developed a quality model for UML. Jalbani et al. [92] proposed an integrated quality engineering approach for UML models. They divided their approach into two parts: Quality assessment and quality improvement. ...
Software refactoring is the process of changing a software system in a manner that does not alter its external behavior and yet improving its internal structure. Model-driven architecture and the popularity of the UML enabled the application of refactoring at model level, which was earlier applied to software code. In this paper, we propose a multi-view integrated approach to model-driven refactoring using UML models. We selected a single model from each UML view at metamodel level to construct an integrated metamodel. We selected class diagram to represent the structural view, sequence diagram to represent the behavioral view and use case diagram to represent the functional view. We validated the proposed approach by comparing integrated refactoring approach with refactoring applied to models individually in terms of quality improvement through UML model metrics. Our results indicate that more bad smell instances can be detected using the integrated approach rather than the individual refactoring approach.
... Lange and Chaudron [37] presented a model which used the CK metrics suite to judge changes in quality as a result of refactoring. Jalbani et al. [38] provided a quality engineering methodology for UML models. Their model approaches quality in two parts: first, quality assessment and then quality improvement. ...
Context
Code bad smells indicate design flaws that can degrade the quality of software and can potentially lead to the introduction of faults. They can be eradicated by applying refactoring techniques. Code bad smells that impact the security perspective of software should be detected and removed from their code base. However, the existing literature is insufficient to support this claim and there are few studies that empirically investigate bad smells and refactoring opportunities from a security perspective.
Objective
In this paper, we investigate how refactoring can improve the security of an application by removing code bad smell.
Method
We analyzed three different code bad smells in five software systems. First, the identified code bad smells are filtered against security attributes. Next, the object-oriented design and security metrics are calculated for the five investigated systems. Later, refactoring is applied to remove security-related code bad smells. The correctness of detection and refactoring of investigated code smells are then validated. Finally, both traditional object-oriented and security metrics are again calculated after removing bad smells to assess its impact on the design and security attributes of systems.
Results
We found ‘feature envy’ to be the most abundant security bad smell in investigated projects. The ‘move method’ and ‘move field’ are commonly applied refactoring techniques because of the abundance of feature envy.
Conclusion
The results of security metrics indicate that refactoring helps improve the security of an application without compromising the overall quality of software systems.
Model-driven engineering, an emerging trend in software engineering, has enabled the use of refactoring to UML models. Numerous approaches to model refactoring, problem detection, consistency management, and tool support to automate and verify refactoring are discussed and distributed across numerous research literatures. This paper provides a systematic overview of existing research in the field of model refactoring. A total of 3,295 articles, related to the field of UML model refactoring, were extracted from well-known electronic databases. A multi-stage selection process was used to ensure proper inclusion of relevant studies for review and analysis. Ninety-four primary studies were eventually selected and analyzed based on a number of different criteria: UML models considered for refactoring, formalisms used to support refactoring at the model level, important to consider when building refactoring tool support, and the effect of refactoring on model quality. The results of this review indicate that UML model refactoring is a highly active area of research. Quite a few quality techniques and approaches have been proposed in this area, but it still has some important open issues and limitations to be addressed in future work.
Internet is a the biggest library of the world containing huge information that is not organized properly. Hence searching for exact information in this big library is a difficult, tiring and time consuming job. This is because World Wide Web (WWW) does not include the user during surfing and purely focuses on documents and links among the documents. Therefore, there is no way to surf together with particular reference to the user for required information. To avoid this difficulty, this paper presents a tool based approach, which provides additional facility to surf the web in a unison way.
