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This research examined associations among social support, governmental support, sense of community, and psychological status, including depression and life satisfaction, in Yaan earthquake survivors, based on a cross-sectional survey conducted in June 2014. The survey applied a nonprobability sampling method and a total of 495 survivors aged 18 yea...
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Citations
... Earthquake is an important phenomenon that affects people physically, psychologically, and spiritually and can trigger serious and common psychological problems such as depression (Huang et al., 2016). Depression is a disorder characterized by the loss of interest in the activities that the individual usually enjoys and the constant sadness accompanied by the inability to perform daily activities (Fekadu et al., 2017). ...
This study aims to examine the meaning of life, and the mediating effect of strategies for coping with earthquake stress in the relationship between depression, and life satisfaction in survivors of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş centered earthquakes. The participants of this study were 472 adults (31.1% male, 68.9% female; Mage = 24.52) who were affected by earthquakes. The data of the study were tested with the bootstrapping-based PROCESS macro program (Model-81). The results showed that depression negatively predicted life satisfaction. Meaning of life mediated the relationship between depression and life satisfaction. However, problem solving and cognitive avoidance coping strategies reduced the effects of depression and the meaning of life on life satisfaction. These results can be a resource for mental health services for earthquake victims. At the same time, the study provides evidence that protecting personal resources in disaster situations positively affects life satisfaction in terms of conservation of resources theory (COR).
... The locations of the first authors' institutes at the time of publication were extracted to provide a geographical spread of the retained papers. The majority originated from the USA [35][36][37][38][39][40][41], followed by China [42][43][44][45][46], Japan [47][48][49][50], Australia [51][52][53], The Netherlands [54,55], New Zealand [56], Peru [57], Iran [58], Austria [59], and Croatia [60]. ...
... The majority of the studies were carried out in Japan [36,42,44,[47][48][49][50], followed by the USA [35,[37][38][39][40][41], China [43,45,46,53], Australia [51,52], and the UK [54,55]. The remaining studies were carried out in Croatia [60], Peru [57], Austria [59], New Zealand [56] and Iran [58]. ...
... Multiple different types of disaster were researched across the retained papers. Earthquakes were the most common type of disaster examined [45,47,49,50,53,[56][57][58], followed by research which assessed the impact of two disastrous events which had happened in the same area (e.g. Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in Mississippi, and the Great East Japan earthquake and Tsunami; [36-38, 42, 44, 48]). ...
The ability of the public to remain psychologically resilient in the face of public health emergencies and disasters (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) is a key factor in the effectiveness of a national response to such events. Community resilience and social capital are often perceived as beneficial and ensuring that a community is socially and psychologically resilient may aid emergency response and recovery. This review presents a synthesis of literature which answers the following research questions: How are community resilience and social capital quantified in research?; What is the impact of community resilience on mental wellbeing?; What is the impact of infectious disease outbreaks, disasters and emergencies on community resilience and social capital?; and, What types of interventions enhance community resilience and social capital?
A scoping review procedure was followed. Searches were run across Medline, PsycInfo, and EMBASE, with search terms covering both community resilience and social capital, public health emergencies, and mental health. 26 papers met the inclusion criteria.
The majority of retained papers originated in the USA, used a survey methodology to collect data, and involved a natural disaster. There was no common method for measuring community resilience or social capital. The association between community resilience and social capital with mental health was regarded as positive in most cases. However, we found that community resilience, and social capital, were initially negatively impacted by public health emergencies and enhanced by social group activities.
Several key recommendations are proposed based on the outcomes from the review, which include: the need for a standardised and validated approach to measuring both community resilience and social capital; that there should be enhanced effort to improve preparedness to public health emergencies in communities by gauging current levels of community resilience and social capital; that community resilience and social capital should be bolstered if areas are at risk of disasters or public health emergencies; the need to ensure that suitable short-term support is provided to communities with high resilience in the immediate aftermath of a public health emergency or disaster; the importance of conducting robust evaluation of community resilience initiatives deployed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
... The Wenchuan earthquake survivors' trust in local and high level government increased their earthquake preparedness [27]. Social and government support increased the life satisfaction of earthquake survivors while reducing their depression [74]. The quality of social support earthquake survivors received, 31 months after 2013 Lushan earthquake, was significantly and negatively correlated with post-traumatic stress symptoms and psychological distress [28]. ...
Destructive earthquakes and the possibility of experiencing destructive earthquakes may cause people to move from their area to safer ones. However, despite high earthquake risk, people may not want to leave the area they reside for various reasons. The objective of this study was to investigate whether earthquake experience, earthquake insurance, satisfaction with city, self-efficacy, risk perception, social support, post-earthquake insecurity and price gouging was correlated with relocation willingness in an earthquake-prone area. Data were collected using a survey from 1114 people residing in Kocaeli (Türkiye), where a devastating earthquake occurred in 1999. 610 people who participated in the study were affected by this earthquake and 504 people were not affected. In order to better understand the impact of earthquake exposure on relocation willingness, ordinal logistic regression analyzes were performed separately for the earthquake affected and unaffected sample. The result showed that the relocation willingness of the unaffected participants was higher than the relocation willingness of the affected participants. People who were psychologically affected by the earthquake were more likely to relocate. Satisfaction with the city reduced the participants' relocation willingness mostly. The fear of earthquakes and perceived insecurity after a future earthquake increased all participants' relocation willingness. It is hoped that this study will guide scientists and disaster managers working in regions where destructive disasters may occur to improve strategies related to relocation policy and earthquake risk reduction.
... Recently, BSCS has gained attention for its applicability in various community studies, such as those among youth [6,7], LGBT individuals [8], and residents [5]; moreover, it has been translated to several non-English languages [9]. BSCS is widely used in Asia, including China [10][11][12][13], Korea [14], Vietnam [15], and Japan [16], as well as in the Western community. However, problems exist in the BSCS used in Asia, such as the translation process being unclear [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and back translate being performed but not examined for validity [20]. ...
... BSCS is widely used in Asia, including China [10][11][12][13], Korea [14], Vietnam [15], and Japan [16], as well as in the Western community. However, problems exist in the BSCS used in Asia, such as the translation process being unclear [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and back translate being performed but not examined for validity [20]. In addition, the factor structure of the BSCS has not been examined, and many studies use the BSCS as a one-factor [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. ...
... However, problems exist in the BSCS used in Asia, such as the translation process being unclear [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and back translate being performed but not examined for validity [20]. In addition, the factor structure of the BSCS has not been examined, and many studies use the BSCS as a one-factor [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. We believe that it is necessary to clarify the factor structure of the BSCS in Asia and to verify its validity to make cross-national comparisons with the Western community. ...
Background
The Brief Sense of Community Scale is a widely accepted eight-item scale that measures the four dimensions of sense of community; however, the factor structure of the Japanese version of this scale has never been confirmed. In this study, we demonstrated the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Brief Sense of Community Scale.
Methods
After completing the back translation of the scale, a sample of 993 Japanese individuals completed the Japanese version of the Brief Sense of Community Scale.
Results
The results indicate that the Japanese version of the Brief Sense of Community Scale is comparable to the original scale and demonstrated adequate goodness-of-fit for both the four-factor and second-order models, which demonstrates its validity. Nonetheless, it remains necessary to consider possible cross-national cultural concerns when utilizing the scale.
Conclusions
The Japanese version of the Brief Sense of Community Scale will contribute toward the creation of a community in which all members feel comfortable.
... Multiple different types of disaster were researched across the retained papers. Earthquakes were the most common type of disaster examined (44,46,48,49,52,(55)(56)(57), followed by research which assessed the impact of two disastrous events which had happened in the same area (e.g. Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in Mississippi, and the Great East Japan earthquake and Tsunami; (35-37, 41, 43, 47)). ...
... Across the 26 retained papers: eight referred to examining the impact of SC (34,36,38,40,45,48,54,59); eight examined the impact of cognitive and structural SC as separate entities (39,41,44,47,49,53,56,58); one examined bridging and bonding SC as separate entities (57); two examined the impact of CR (37,55); and two employed a qualitative methodology but drew ndings in relation to bonding and bridging SC, and SC generally (50,51). Additionally, ve papers examined the impact of the following variables: 'community social cohesion' (35), 'neighbourhood connectedness' (43), 'social support at the community level' (46), 'community connectedness' (42) and 'sense of community' (52). Table 1 provides additional details on this. ...
... loss of family member or housing damage) (35). Similarly, sense of community, community connectedness, social support at the community level and neighbourhood connectedness all provided protective bene ts for a range of mental health, wellbeing and recovery variables, including: depression (52), subjective wellbeing (in older adults only) (42), psychological distress (46), happiness (43) and life satisfaction (52). ...
The ability of the public to remain psychologically resilient in the face of public health emergencies and disasters (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) is a key factor in the effectiveness of a national response to such events. Community resilience and social capital are often perceived as beneficial and ensuring that a community is socially and psychologically resilient may aid emergency response and recovery. This review presents a synthesis of literature which answers the following research questions: How are community resilience and social capital quantified in research?; What is the impact of community resilience on mental wellbeing?; What is the impact of infectious disease outbreaks, disasters and emergencies on community resilience and social capital?; and, What types of interventions enhance community resilience and social capital?
A scoping review procedure was followed. Searches were run across Medline, PsycInfo, and EMBASE, with search terms covering community resilience or social capital, public health emergencies, and mental health. 26 papers met the inclusion criteria.
The majority of retained papers originated in the USA, used a survey methodology to collect data, and involved a natural disaster. There was no common method of measuring community resilience or social capital. The association between community resilience and social capital with mental health was regarded as positive in most cases. However, we found that community resilience, and social capital, were initially negatively impacted by public health emergencies and enhanced by social group activities.
Several key recommendations are proposed based on the outcomes from the review, which include: the need for a standardised and validated approach to measuring community resilience or social capital; that there should be enhanced effort to improve preparedness to public health emergencies in communities by gauging current levels of community resilience and social capital; that community resilience and social capital should be bolstered if areas are at risk of disasters or public health emergencies; the need to ensure that suitable short-term support is provided to communities with high resilience in the immediate aftermath of a public health emergency or disaster; the importance of conducting robust evaluation of community resilience initiatives deployed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
... Yet SOC and social support, though correlated, are distinct variables. Studies have found that social support is a good predictor of SOC because, by helping individuals to meet their needs, it fosters relationships with others, develop their social networks, and promote connections (Huang et al., 2016;Oh et al., 2014;Vieno et al., 2007). What our study specifically points out is that a feeling of belonging and connection with others in a community helps individuals cope with the difficult conditions created by the COVID-19 virus and mitigation responses. ...
... The implications of this study suggest that leveraging SOC as an intervention can contribute to mitigating the impacts of difficult life situations, especially for those most affected. SOC can be strengthened by activating formal or informal social support initiatives (Huang et al., 2016;Vieno et al., 2007) at the local level or via digital platforms (i.e., online support groups, Obst & Stafurik, 2010); creating opportunities to share time and activities, either in person or in online environments (Blanchard, 2008) if measures of physical distancing are still in force; and by making self-transcendent, shared values salient (Mannarini et al., 2020), especially in messages coming from authorities and institutional sources. This may have particularly important implications for future efforts to build stronger and more inclusive communities. ...
The purpose of this study was to identify patterns of relationships connecting sense of community (SOC) and community resilience with psychological wellbeing, via the mediation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts on life domains. Survey data were collected from an international sample of adults (n = 824) during the COVID-19 outbreak (June–September 2020). Using a structural equation model, we tested a mediation model to identify the associations between SOC and community resilience with the perceived impacts of the emergency situation and with psychological wellbeing. Results revealed that SOC mitigated the impacts of COVID-19 on multiple life domains, and it was also positively associated with wellbeing. Community resilience was correlated with SOC and wellbeing but showed no significant relationship with COVID-19 impacts. The findings support that SOC has a protective function and can contribute to mitigating the impacts of difficult life situations. SOC can also be leveraged as an intervention aimed at protecting the wellbeing of people and communities, particularly in times of crisiss
... En poblaciones afectadas por un terremoto se ha encontrado que el sentido de comunidad es considerado un factor que aminora la depresión y favorece el nivel de satisfacción con la vida (Huang, Tan & Liu, 2016). Este otorga a los pobladores un sentido de pertenencia que genera que se relacionen óptimamente con otros miembros afectados reduciendo el sentimiento de soledad y aumentando la satisfacción con la vida. ...
The impact of natural disasters affect the mental health of communities at a personal and collective level. For this reason, we investigated the relationship between the psychological well-being and sense of community of people in an area of high vulnerability to natural disasters in eastern Lima - Peru, where landslides and stones called "Huaicos" occur. 55 adult participated, of which 56.4% were women and 43.7% were men. The Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire and the Sense of Community Index (SCI2) adapted for populations in vulnerable conditions. It was found that people with higher education have greater psychological well-being than people with only school education. In case of a sense of community, age is directly proportional related (r = .30, p <.05). In general, we can affirm that there are different mediating variables for personal and community analysis between psychological well-being with a sense of community such as age and education. Therefore, the sociodemographic elements in this context are essential to understand community dynamics in disaster situations.
... Our study not only confirms the important role of SoC in mental wellbeing in the Chinese context but also goes a step further by verifying the mediating effect of SoC between walkability and mental well being. A good perception of SoC is beneficial for mental wellbeing via the mediating effect of SoC, probably because a reliable community might help people gain psychological support and maintain calm even when they encounter difficulties, allowing them to keep active and to find solutions to these problems rather than being lost in depression (Borglin et al., 2006;Huang et al., 2016). A good perception of neighbourhood walkability encourages people to go outside more frequently rather than stay at home, and the familiarity of the surroundings would nourish more SoC and also brings about relaxation for these residents. ...
Introduction
To integrate community liveability with public health concerns, urban design theories place increasingly put emphasis on promoting pedestrian friendly neighbourhoods with good walkability. A plethora of studies have investigated the association between walkability and mental wellbeing, but few attempts have been made to systematically synthesize the pathways of their mutual relationship in the Chinese context. Therefore, this study aims to establish a theoretical model and to validate the socio-psychosocial pathways between neighbourhood walkability and mental wellbeing through four designated mediators, i.e. mitigation of environmental stressors, walking behaviours, social cohesion, and sense of community.
Method
A total of 786 data valid samples in Wuhan were adopted for the final analysis. The outcome variable is the mental wellbeing, which is measured by the adapted World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). A second-order construct is established to denote the perceived neighbourhood walkability, which is measured with an adapted Walkability Scale-Abbreviated (NEWS-A). Several mediators, including the mitigation of environmental stressors, walking behaviours, social cohesion, and sense of community, are measured via a self-reported questionnaire with the seven-point Likert scale. Both the direct and indirect effects of walkability on mental wellbeing are quantified with the partial least squares (PLS) model.
Result
The perceived neighbourhood walkability is a multi-dimensional characteristics concept. The neighbourhood walkability is positively associated with mental wellbeing, and mitigation of environmental stressors, walking behaviours, social cohesion, and sense of community significantly mediate the positive influence of neighbourhood walkability on mental wellbeing. The indirect influence of perceived neighbourhood walkability on mental wellbeing through these mediators is stronger than its direct influence.
Conclusion
This study validates multiple important socio-psychosocial pathways between perceived neighbourhood walkability and the mental wellbeing in a typical metropolitan area with a dense population in the Chinese context. Results are consistent with the findings in developed countries. This study deepens the understanding to promote healthier urban settings by improve neighbourhood walkability.
... In public health emergency and response, the role of social support is widely noted by researchers. Support available from the government may refer to policy, capital, public opinion, and other aspects perceived by individuals as support (Huang, Tan, & Liu, 2016). According to the theory of resource conservation (Hobfoll, Halbesleben, Neveu, & Westman, 2018), macro government support, meso social support, and micro sense of control are all core values for people, and they are important resources that affect mental health. ...
Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected public health and wellbeing. In response to the pandemic threat of the coronavirus epidemic, several countries, including China, adopted lockdown and quarantine policies, which may cause psychological distress. This study aimed to explore the psychological impact of province-wide lockdown and personal quarantine during the COVID-19 outbreak in China as well as the corresponding risk factors and protective factors.
Methods:
We examined the immediate (2-week) and delayed (2-month) impact of province-wide lockdown and personal quarantine on psychological distress in a national sample of 1390 Chinese residents.
Results:
No immediate impact of province-wide lockdown on psychological distress was observed, whereas personal quarantine increased individuals' anxiety, fear, and anger. Despite the lack of initial association, psychological distress increased among those in province-wide lockdown. Self-stigma and personal control both significantly moderated the association between lockdown and psychological distress, but in different directions. Those with higher self-stigma and lower personal control were more impacted by the lockdown. Government support moderated the impact of quarantine on psychological distress, but not that of lockdown.
Conclusions:
The delayed effects of lockdown and quarantine on psychological distress were observed, and self-stigma, social support, and perceived control moderate the relationships. This study is the first to demonstrate the psychological costs of province-wide lockdowns on individuals' mental health, providing evidence of the need for mitigation strategies and timely public mental health preparedness in countries with recent outbreaks of COVID-19.
... Items were designed to refer respondents' neighbourhood and used a 5-point Likert-type response (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). The BSCS was used in Chinese context and found to be reliable (Huang, Tan, & Liu, 2016;Zhang et al., 2017). The Cronbach's alpha of the scale was 0.94 in the current research. ...
The mediating effects of psychological resilience on quality of life among older adults were rarely examined empirically. Based on the literature on the relationship between psychological resilience and quality of life and the factors associated with psychological resilience among older adults, a theoretical model was proposed with the hypothesis that psychological resilience would mediate the relationships between both filial support and sense of community and life satisfaction among older adults. The research used a cross-sectional design. Non-probability sampling method was applied to recruit 418 community-dwelling older adults in two adjacent cities in Fujian, China in 2017. A face-to-face structured Chinese questionnaire was adopted to collect data. The structural equation modeling showed that psychological resilience mediated the relationships between both filial support and sense of community and life satisfaction. The findings confirmed the positive impacts of psychological resilience on older adults' life satisfaction and highlighted the importance of family and community contexts to older adults' psychological resilience and life satisfaction. Interventions and programmes that aim to promote filial support towards older adults and enhance their sense of community would contribute to both their psychological resilience and life satisfaction.
