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The diffusion of deprivation indices and their application in a wide variety of contexts raises a number of conceptual and methodological issues, particularly in relation to the analysis of change over time. We seek to address these issues by developing an aggregate-level theoretical approach which can guide the construction of a statistical model...
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... of concentrated unemployment are typically situated in urban areas, have a relatively unstable population, and contain a high percentage of social housing and lone- parent households. Figure 1 shows the pattern of relationships between the three dimensions of affluence/ deprivation and the seven indicators considered. The three dimensions are conceptualised as correlated latent variables, whilst the model controls for measurement error in the indicators (as indicated by the 'f' variables situated to the left of the figure, which reflect measurement error and the variance due to the 'uniqueness' of each single indicator). ...
Citations
... The spatial distribution of cluster frequency range revealed a clear pattern across the Greater Dublin Area (Figure 4), with highest cluster frequencies (>12) largely concentrated in the West and North of the city. Northern, western and southwestern regions of Dublin city are traditionally associated with higher levels of deprivation, while southern and eastern areas are typically described as being relatively affluent (Pratschke & Haase, 2015). Statistical analyses of above/below median cluster frequency confirmed the association between both socio-economic factors and population density (Error! ...
- Early hotspots of COVID-19 infection were identified around the main urban areas of Ireland and most
especially in the Greater Dublin Area.
- A higher level of deprivation was linked to a high space-time cluster frequency in the Greater Dublin
Area.
- A lower level of education and a higher population density was associated with the presence of a
space-time cluster in the Republic of Ireland.
- The high space-time cluster frequency and delayed response observed in Northern counties tend to
suggest a spillover effect from the Northern-Ireland border.
... These changes in spatial patterns of hotspots of the number of property transactions can be interpreted as people displacement or a move from the east and the center to the western parts of Dublin along with some sporadic locations in the north of the city where there are affordable houses (Figure 8). The results of the proposed data-driven methodology are consistent with other qualitative research and non-academic sources (e.g., media) on spatial inequality and neighborhood change in Dublin [58,[62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. Table 3 lists the locations and neighborhoods that are identified by different sources as undergoing different types of neighborhood change (e.g., recently developed areas and gentrification) or areas that exhibit distinct spatial characteristics (e.g., concentration of poverty, spatial segregation, and affluent area). ...
The residential real estate market is very important because most people’s wealth is in this sector, and it is an indicator of the economy. Real estate market data in general and market transaction data, in particular, are inherently spatiotemporal as each transaction has a location and time. Therefore, exploratory spatiotemporal methods can extract unique locational and temporal insight from property transaction data, but this type of data are usually unavailable or not sufficiently geocoded to implement spatiotemporal methods. In this article, exploratory spatiotemporal methods, including a space-time cube, were used to analyze the residential real estate market at small area scale in the Dublin Metropolitan Area over the last decade. The spatial patterns show that some neighborhoods are experiencing change, including gentrification and recent development. The extracted spatiotemporal patterns from the data show different urban areas have had varying responses during national and global crises such as the economic crisis in 2008–2011, the Brexit decision in 2016, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also suggests that Dublin is experiencing intraurban displacement of residential property transactions to the west of Dublin city, and we are predicting increasing spatial inequality and segregation in the future. The findings of this innovative and exploratory data-driven approach are supported by other work in the field regarding Dublin and other international cities. The article shows that the space-time cube can be used as complementary evidence for different fields of urban studies, urban planning, urban economics, real estate valuations, intraurban analytics, and monitoring sociospatial changes at small areas, and to understand residential property transactions in cities. Moreover, the exploratory spatiotemporal analyses of data have a high potential to highlight spatial structures of the city and relevant underlying processes. The value and necessity of open access to geocoded spatiotemporal property transaction data in social research are also highlighted.
... Most of the data come from the 2011 Census of Population, which means that there is a gap of seven years between the collection of data on the characteristics of districts and the 2018 election. We therefore assume that the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of local populations have remained relatively stable over this period of time, which is not unreasonable given that the relativities between residential areas in socioeconomic and demographic terms tend to remain relatively stable (Pratschke & Haase, 2014). Figure 8 shows that the outcome variable has a strong spatial pattern. ...
After the 2018 general election, several scholars remarked on the failure of the 5 Star Movement (5SM) to increase its vote in Milan. While the role of demographic and socioeconomic factors has been highlighted, little attention has been devoted to spatial dynamics. The authors analyze the greater city of Milan using a new set of spatial units that capture the characteristics of the local populations which voted at specific polling stations. They regress support for the 5SM in each electoral district on a range of demographic, socioeconomic and spatial variables. The results show that more disadvantaged districts just outside the municipality have a strong propensity to support the 5SM. Many of the individuals and families living in these areas were negatively affected by economic crisis and continue to experience strain. These are not places of extreme marginality but have unsatisfied needs that are largely ignored by the traditional parties.
... In this section, we assess the availability of data against the seven factor classification tool (criteria) of location identified and developed for real-estate websites in Section 2. Dublin City was chosen as a use case for this. Dublin is representative of many mid-sized cities mainly due to its population size of 2 million and the socio-spatial inequalities which exist (Pratschke and Haase 2015). Furthermore, Dublin City Council promotes smart city initiatives to drive innovation through ICT (Kitchin, Maalsen, and McArdle 2016, 93). ...
Searching for a property is inherently a multicriteria spatial decision. The
decision is primarily based on three high-level criteria composed of
household needs, building facilities, and location characteristics.
Location choice is driven by diverse characteristics; including but not
limited to environmental factors, access, services, and the socioeconomic
status of a neighbourhood. This article aims to identify the gap between
theory and practice in presenting information on location choice by
using a gap analysis methodology through the development of a sevenfactor classification tool and an assessment of international property
websites. Despite the availability of digital earth data, the results suggest
that real-estate websites are poor at providing sufficient location
information to support efficient spatial decision making. Based on a case
study in Dublin, Ireland, we find that although neighbourhood digital
earth data may be readily available to support decision making, the gap
persists. We hypothesise that the reason is two-fold. Firstly, there is a
technical challenge to transform location data into usable information.
Secondly, the market may not wish to provide location information
which can be perceived as negative. We conclude this article with a
discussion of critical issues necessary for designing a spatial decision
support system for real-estate decision making.
... The north side of Dublin city, which contains a relatively high number of derelict sites and vacant buildings, is a vibrant residential and commercial area but it was also affected by Ireland's history of declining industry and colonial establishment in the 19th century. It is also home to some of Ireland's most economically and marginalised residents (Haase, 2009;Pratschke and Haase, 2014). The presence or absence of derelict sites is not the cause of this poverty but there has been an evident neglect of certain sites over a long period of time that may not have been as prolonged in more affluent areas. ...
Since 2007, like many other places, Ireland has experienced a series of economic and social shocks. These were brought on by an over-reliance on property development and debt as a means of development. One of the ways in which these shocks were made evident was through the over-production of housing and other properties across the island. While there has been research conducted on this form of overproduction, there has been less on longer standing forms of dereliction and vacancy. Such derelict buildings and vacant sites are a prominent feature of Dublin city’s landscape. They remain part of a city that has undergone significant transformation in the last two decades. In an effort to understand why they remain in place, we undertook a survey of this dereliction in 2013 and 2014. In the first part of the paper, we outline the origins and aims of our survey: to understand why dereliction persists particularly in one part of Dublin city. In the second part, we describe the methods we used to gather data on individual derelict sites and our attempts to engage a wider audience through an online collaborative process. Our research shows that the collection of data on derelict sites in Dublin is often made difficult by opaque planning practice. The paper concludes that the apparent disorder of the city seen in derelict properties can be recast if we more fully understand what the relationship between use, or usefulness, and that order might be. Possible uses for these sites are often elided in favour of the ordered practices of a network of actors. Re-thinking Dublin city after the crisis requires us to understand how public engagement for planning purposes can be improved.
... The north side of Dublin city, which contains a relatively high number of derelict sites and vacant buildings, is a vibrant residential and commercial area but it was also affected by Ireland's history of declining industry and colonial establishment in the 19th century. It is also home to some of Ireland's most economically and marginalised residents (Haase, 2009;Pratschke and Haase, 2014). The presence or absence of derelict sites is not the cause of this poverty but there has been an evident neglect of certain sites over a long period of time that may not have been as prolonged in more affluent areas. ...
Since 2007, like many other places, Ireland has experienced a series of economic and social shocks. These were brought on by an over-reliance on property development and debt as a means of development. One of the ways in which these shocks were made evident was through the over-production of housing and other properties across the island. While there has been research conducted on this form of overproduction, there has been less on longer standing forms of dereliction and vacancy. Such derelict buildings and vacant sites are a prominent feature of Dublin city’s landscape. They remain part of a city that has undergone significant transformation in the last two decades. In an effort to understand why they remain in place, we undertook a survey of this dereliction in 2013 and 2014. In the first part of the paper, we outline the origins and aims of our survey: to understand why dereliction persists particularly in one part of Dublin city. In the second part, we describe the methods we used to gather data on individual derelict sites and our attempts to engage a wider audience through an online collaborative process. Our research shows that the collection of data on derelict sites in Dublin is often made difficult by opaque planning practice. The paper concludes that the apparent disorder of the city seen in derelict properties can be recast if we more fully understand what the relationship between use, or usefulness, and that order might be. Possible uses for these sites are often elided in favour of the ordered practices of a network of actors. Re-thinking Dublin city after the crisis requires us to understand how public engagement for planning purposes can be improved.
En aquest capítol es mostren els primers resultats de la tercera versió de
l’IVU, tot precedit d’una síntesi de l’evolució que ha seguit l’índex a través de
les diverses versions que se n’han elaborat fins al moment. Totes les versions,
envoltades de constriccions i reptes metodològics, s’integren en un procés
(metodològic i analític) viu, que constitueix a dia d’avui una línia de recerca
sòlida, en el si de la qual ja s’està projectant l’elaboració d’un IVU de tercera
generació. Una futura versió de la qual s’apuntaran també algunes idees en
aquest capítol.
For more than a century, local authority housing provided reasonable quality, affordable accommodation and security of tenure to a considerable proportion of the population of Ireland. Despite its contributions and past successes, in the latter decades of the 20th Century housing policy moved away from local authority house building, towards a market-based model. The fiscal crisis during the 1980s, coupled with the deteriorating reputation of local authority housing, contributed to this shift in housing policy. However, the extent to which this poor reputation is warranted is unclear. With the nation facing an unprecedented housing and homelessness crisis, could the local authority housing model offer a viable solutions? This project carried out a detailed cross-sectional exploration of the large-scale local authority housing developments in Tallaght West, spanning approximately a 25-year period, in an effort to examine the successes (or otherwise) of Tallaght West as both a place to live and as a community. Three key questions were identified: 1. How has Tallaght West changed in the decades since construction and to what extent do the socio-economic vulnerabilities commonly associated with low-income housing developments persist?; 2. To what extent does Tallaght West provide a stable, safe, and attractive place to live for its community?; 3. Why have these changes occurred and what can be learned from Tallaght West in relation to the provision of large-scale public housing going forward?
