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The paper presents a study of a hydraulic turbine control, considering that the gate opening depends on the velocity of the water. The behavior of the mechanical power of the turbine and speed control of the generator affected by parameter uncertainties have been simulated using the Matlab/Simulink environment. The time domain step responses and fr...
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... structure of the hydro-electric plant includes the penstock, the gate, the turbine and the generator, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy ( Fig. 1) [3], [9]- [11]. According to the hypothesis presented in [3], [7][8], the mechanical power delivered by the turbine is influenced by the water flow and velocity (v), the length and the area of the pipe (L, A). Also, appears the hammer effect, due to the structure's elasticity and ...
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Citations
... Also, these computational analyses lack in providing a single generalized mathematical model in order to get every possible detail of actual flow field because of the high complexities involved due to geometrical intricacies of hydraulic turbines (Pădurean et al., 2004). Moreover, an extensive care must be taken while carrying out such numerical analyses of hydraulic turbines as the mathematical models utilized in CFD have uncertainties due to linear modeling, underestimated dynamics, neglected environmental conditions and parameters (Dulau and Oltean, 2020). Therefore, validation and verification of the computational results is an essential practice while CFD analysis of hydraulic turbines. ...
Design and performance analysis of hydraulic turbines are two very crucial aspects of any hydro power project which ensure economical and efficient functioning of these plants. In this context, numerical hydrodynamic analysis of water turbines has been bringing revolutionary changes in the process since the last decade. In the recent years, advancements in computational resources have made the job quite easier and more reliable but brought new challenges as well. Appropriate use of various models and numerical solution schemes in order to capture different hydrodynamic phenomena is highly debatable, even today, due to the lack of generality and robustness. This paper illustrates various utilities of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in simulating hydraulic turbine operations. The work is mainly aimed at critically reviewing various computational methodologies for achieving different objectives of hydraulic design and performance evaluation of water turbines. Regarding this, different objectives of computational investigations of hydraulic turbines such as derivation of performance characteristics, analysis of various unsteady phenomena, prediction and analysis of cavitation and determination of various losses are discussed in detail. A discussion on boundary conditions and turbulence modeling for capturing different hydrodynamic phenomena at design and off-design operations of hydraulic turbines is one of the major scopes of the paper. Also, various optimization techniques in combination with CFD for hydraulic performance optimization of the turbines are briefly discussed. This work is a dedicated attempt to bring various aspects of computational hydrodynamic investigation of hydraulic turbines on a single platform. Having done the extensive literature review of the CFD utilities for the turbines along with disseminating the best practices, certain research gaps and loose ends are identified and given as future scopes which are also the major highlights of the work.
... Also, these computational analyses lack in providing a single generalized mathematical model in order to get every possible detail of actual flow field because of the high complexities involved due to geometrical intricacies of hydraulic turbines (Pădurean et al., 2004). Moreover, an extensive care must be taken while carrying out such numerical analyses of hydraulic turbines as the mathematical models utilized in CFD have uncertainties due to linear modeling, underestimated dynamics, neglected environmental conditions and parameters (Dulau and Oltean, 2020). Therefore, validation and verification of the computational results is an essential practice while CFD analysis of hydraulic turbines. ...
The paper analyzes the existing control systems for hydraulic turbines and provides frequency control schemes from leading hydroturbine equipment manufacturers. The design features of the construction of circuits with discrete and discrete-analog control methods with an embedded computer system for controlling the speed of a hydraulic turbine, which guarantees trouble-free operation in case of load deviations and power failures, are considered. A fully automatic method for controlling a hydraulic unit is proposed, in which the computer system independently controls the turbine based on the parameters of the operation of the hydraulic unit recorded by devices by the computer control program. The analysis of the operation of the schemes is carried out, taking into account the specifics of the functioning of the control system. A nonlinear mathematical model of the hydromechanical part of the regulator is considered to assess the quality indicators of transient processes occurring during a hydraulic turbine’s start-up, shutdown, and reverse operation modes. Using this mathematical model and control algorithms improves the positioning accuracy and reliability of hydropneumatic systems with the possible simplification of circuit solutions is an effective solution to control problems. A gradual study of the dynamics of the runner hydraulic drive was carried out. The obtained results prove that using a positional hydropneumatic drive to build a system for controlling the speed of a hydraulic turbine with discrete and discrete-analog control makes it possible to synthesize a hydropneumatic drive with high positioning accuracy.KeywordsEnergy EfficiencyControl SystemRunnerKaplan Hydro TurbineRegulatorMathematical ModelPositional Hydro Pneumatic DriveSynthesis
This article presents a parallel fuzzy PID control strategy on a bulb tubular turbine generator unit for improving the robust control performance. First, the nonlinear model of a bulb tubular turbine generator unit is built in MATLAB/Simulink, and the PID controller parameters are adjusted under rated head. Then, an integrated fuzzy logic PID controller is designed to regulate the hydraulic turbine unit. The effectiveness and robustness capability of the proposed controller are evaluated in four independent experiments: starting process, load rejection, frequency tracking and frequency interference. The experimental results validate that the proposed controller can significantly improve the response performance of the speed of hydraulic turbine units. The coefficient mutation experiment reveals that the robustness of the system has been improved obviously, and unique contributions of the work can provide a reference for the optimal control of bulb tubular turbine generator units.
