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The objective of this paper is to show the importance of measuring electricity end-uses in
order to promote energy efficiency in low-income houses in Southern Brazil. Sixty low-income
houses were surveyed, and data of socioeconomic variables, electricity use, and usage pattern
were measured and obtained. The data were statistically treated and conf...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... 2 to 5 show representative usage patterns, summarized in a power usage fraction per room, which is a value from 0 to 1 indicating the partial power usage in each hour of the day. Figure 2 shows the usage patterns of all household appliances; Figure 3 shows the lighting usage pattern in each room and Figure 4 shows the usage pattern of electric shower, which is the largest electricity consumer of the sample. Figure 5 shows the average usage pattern in the sample, related to the sum of installed power with appliances and lighting, and it can be noticed that the fraction never exceeds 20%. This demonstrates the error that can be made in the scheduling process, in case of super-estimated power usage fractions; and also shows the simultaneity factor (potential power that can be turned on in the whole house, ...
Context 2
... may be emphasized that the average values for each room in Figure 2 are shown without confidence intervals. Figure 3 shows median curves and Figure 4 shows the 80% confidence interval obtained by using the Wilcoxon test. The usage patterns shown in Figures 2 to 5 are associated with the installed power shown in Table 2, which presents the average installed power for each room of the 53 houses with 80% confidence interval, obtained using the t-test. ...
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Citations
... Considerou-se as cargas internas obtidas por meio de auditoria e pesquisa em edificações de interesse social da cidade de Florianópolis-SC descrita em Silva et al. (2013) e Silva e Ghisi (2014). As rotinas de ocupação, operação de portas e janelas, uso de equipamentos e iluminação foram obtidas por pesquisas com moradores em 53 habitações. ...
Dynamic building simulation is a useful tool for evaluating thermal and energy performance of buildings. However, a simulation experiment demands a high amount of input parameters, that are often unavailable or of unknown accuracy. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyse the propagation of physical uncertainties in dynamic simulation of a residential building and its implication in determining the thermal performance. The simulation experiment was performed with the Monte Carlo method, by analysing the thermal and physical properties of materials, such as thermal conductivity, density, specific heat, solar absorptance, thickness and ventilation coefficients. The uncertainty analysis was performed using degree-hours of discomfort criterion for heating and cooling for the climate of Florianópolis-SC, and adaptive comfort limits. A sensitivity analysis of variables was carried out by standardized regression coefficients and partial correlation coefficients indices. Results show that uncertainties in degree-hours are high, i.e., 32% in the discomfort for cooling and 53% in the discomfort for heating. The major part of the uncertainty is due to the average monthly temperature of the ground. Other variables, such as the uncertainty in the solar absorptance of roofs and the specific heat of the mortar of the walls affect discomfort for heating. The density of mortar and the specific heat of the brickwork walls affect discomfort for cooling. These variables need proper accuracy, either through more reliable databases and/or through field or laboratory measurements.
... When looking at heavily refurbished or new dwellings, district heating and ground source heat pumps should be in focus [81], especially when considering that consumer behaviour may change over time and is not similar from family to family, and that comfort levels may also change [81,100]. The perspectives of low-energy dwellings have been analysed and described in several studies [61,101102103104, including zero emission buildings [80,105106107 and the challenges related to this concept [34]. These studies show to some extent that heavy refurbishment and implementation of energy savings in dwellings are feasible [102,103], however the analyses on the European and other energy systems presented above show that a balance should be found between how much to refurbish, and at which stage renewable energy heating systems should be implemented. ...
... Simultaneously, all electrical equipment were monitored up to one week, in order to find the power rate and the usage time. More details on this research can be found in [27,28]. Fig. 5 shows an example of the occupancy pattern for the bedrooms over summer, with 80% confidence interval and for weekdays and weekends. ...
... For lighting usage, schedules of 80% confidence were considered. The equipment usage was considered constant [27]. ...
The objective of this study is to analyse uncertainties in building simulation through a probabilistic approach. The EnergyPlus computer programme was used to assess a model of a low-income house located in Florianópolis, southern Brazil. Uncertainties of the user behaviour and physical parameters were obtained through literature review and field survey, respectively. The Latin hypercube was used to create a sample of uncertainties to analyse the thermal performance and energy consumption of the house. A sensitivity analysis using the Standardised Regression Coefficients was performed to obtain the most important parameters in the thermal performance and energy consumption. The results showed that the relative deviation with 95% confidence ranges from 6.6% to 21.5% on the degree-hour for heating and cooling, and from 19.5% to 43.5% on the energy consumption for heating and cooling, respectively. These percentage values are the uncertainties found in each analysis. The specific heat and thickness of materials, solar absorptances, ground temperatures, and the albedo (physical uncertainties) and the occupancy schedules, the equipment power and the number of occupants (user behaviour uncertainties) were important parameters in the analysis. Thus, such parameters must be measured or estimated by more precise methods as they most influence the simulation results.
The study estimates the structure of end-use electricity consumption by residential sector in the years 2005 and 2019, segregated by eachBrazilian geographic region. The method used data from the survey of Household Appliances and Consumption Habits from the years2004-2006 and 2018-2019 and applied statistical techniques. The results showedregional singularities in thedevelopment of the consumption structure. The maindevelopments in the estimated structure between the years 2005 and 2019 wereanincrease in the end-use consumption in the Environmental Comfort Appliances category, and the continued high participation of the consumption of theFood Conservation category. There was a decrease in the share of WaterHeating category end-use consumption in all regions, except in the South. The studyalsoshowed a predominance of end-use consumption ofappliances in the Environmental Comfort, Heating Water and Food Conservation categories, ranging from 82% to 91% according to the different regions. The findings indicate high potential for implementing energy efficiency measures, however, it must be stressed that regional consumption patterns must be considered in order to achieve effective results.
Residential electricity demand can be influenced by the behavior of users. Therefore, it is essential to know users’ behaviors to reduce electricity consumption or for energy saving. This research aims to analyze users’ behaviors concerning the use of light-emitting diodes (LED) lamps in the residential sector in Makassar, Indonesia. Moreover, the drivers of users’ behaviors in terms of usage and habitual behavior are also identified by two composed regression models. Some options for both models were compared by using statistical tests to get better models. A questionnaire was developed, and the survey was done on respondents that have 900 VA and greater of installed power capacity in their homes to get data for analysis. The main finding of this research shows that the user’s perception of energy saving was quite good. Both proposed models, namely LED usage model and habit model, were well § validated with R adj 2 a value above 39% for both models. Six considered variables can explain usage behavior better than the habit of users. Among the significance variables, the factor of the technology aspect has the highest effect on the usage of LED lamps and the general perception factor for the user’s habit. Presented results may give useful information in designing programs for consumers in Makassar, such as energy conservation programs or home energy management systems.
Nos últimos dez anos, o setor de habitações de interesse social (HIS) no Brasil foi impulsionado pela criação do Programa “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” (PMCMV). Apesar do Programa ter permitido a construção de grande quantidade de habitações em todo o território nacional, avaliações em campo ressaltam falhas quanto à adequação das habitações aos climas locais. A inadequação pode resultar em baixos níveis de eficiência energética das HIS e insatisfação de seus moradores. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo é revisar a literatura nacional dos últimos dez anos (de 2009 a 2019) a fim de determinar os aspectos que influenciam a eficiência energética das HIS. A síntese dessas informações é necessária para consolidar o conhecimento produzido até aqui e facilitar o avanço nessa área. Espera-se que este estudo favoreça futuras decisões de diferentes partes interessadas: pesquisadores podem definir seus escopos de estudo considerando o que já foi desenvolvido, projetistas podem aplicar na prática critérios de eficiência energética e de design centrados nos usuários, e responsáveis por políticas públicas podem vincular a aprovação de projetos de HIS a parâmetros de eficiência energética.
