FIGURE 5 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
The incidence of all forms of cutaneous tuberculosis, including lupus vulgaris (the most common form) decreased progressively in developed countries during the twentieth century, this change being attributed to improved living standards and specific therapy. Despite the decrease in cutaneous tuberculosis, some cases are still found and correct diag...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... of the skin lesions was remarkable; however, at a routine follow-up visit four months after initiation of therapy, a rapidly growing tumorous lesion was found on the patient's forehead and tem- poral region adjacent to a tuberculous plaque ( Figure 4). The patient was referred to the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery for surgical treatment. A large excision was performed and histopathology revealed a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin ( Figure 5). The tumor was completely removed. The patient recove- red from surgery and the treatment for tuberculosis was ...
Similar publications
Although cutaneous tuberculosis constitutes a small percentage of extra pulmonary tuberculosis, it has not been fully documented in Nepal and more so in the pediatric population. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiology and clinical profile of childhood cutaneous tuberculosis at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital...
Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is an uncommon small subset of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, comprising 1–1.5% of all extrapulmonary tuberculosis manifestations, which manifests only in 8.4–13.7% of all tuberculosis cases. Lupus vulgaris (LV) and tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (TBVC) are forms of reinfection tuberculosis and often occur in presensitized...
Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) has several clinical manifestations. The most common forms include cervical scrofuloderma and plaque type of lupus vulgaris (LV), otherwise the rare cases including inguinal scrofuloderma, ulcerative LV, and acute miliary TB. The highlight of this case series was to report various rare clinical manifestations of cutaneou...
p>Tattooing remains a common custom in various countries and cultures. Tattooing has been practiced in India since ancient era. It has tremendous religious and spiritual significance. In addition, tattooing for cosmetic purposes has become quite popular in recent times. With this increasing trend, there is also an increased risk of adverse effects....
Citations
... 3,4 For CTB, the major challenge is the delay in initiating the medical therapy combined with the long duration of the disease, which may become complicated with carcinoma and disfiguring scars. 5 In this communication, we report a rare presentation of CTB that was initially misdiagnosed as mycetoma due to the strong resemblance. Further clinical examinations by highly trained dermatologist using a well-established protocol for the differential diagnosis with clear case definition high-quality ultrasound imaging, and histopathological In a resource-limited setting such as Sudan, where diagnostic and surveillance capacities are limited and several dermal diseases with similar clinical presentation are endemic, further precautious must taking into account. ...
... 6,7 The diagnosis of CTB is considered challenging and is based on two criteria, either absolute or relative criteria. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The absolute criteria involve identifying M. tuberculosis either using culture, molecular tool such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or histopathologic examination. The major limitation of diagnosis is the paucibacillary nature of CTB. ...
... The major limitation of diagnosis is the paucibacillary nature of CTB. [5][6][7] On the other hand, the relative criteria includes detailed history-taking, lesion assessment, active TB on other organ(s), tuberculoma granuloma on histopathological slides, positive tuberculin test and a good response to TB medications. 6,7 A major challenge in the diagnosis of CTB is the differential diagnosis as it can mimic numerous infections such as leishmaniasis, leprosy, chromomycosis, sporotrichosis, mycetoma and granulomatous, and verrucous lesion of different origins. ...
Key Clinical Message
In a resource‐limited setting such as Sudan, where diagnostic and surveillance capacities are limited and several dermal diseases with similar clinical presentation are endemic, further precautious must taking into account.
Abstract
Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Atypical clinical presentations of CTB may resemble other skin neglected diseases. For definitive diagnosis, we require a holistic diagnostic approach including clinical examination and deployment of laboratory investigations including microbial culture, histopathological, and molecular examinations of the proper samples per test. In this communication, we report a case of CTB that was initially misidentified clinically as mycetoma.
... This rare form of TB has a higher incidence in the elderly, who usually have an immunological deficiency and non-reactive PPD. 7---9,11,16---18, 35,36 Considering the multiple differential diagnoses that genital ulcers raise with other diseases that manifest with this type of lesion -viral, bacterial, fungal infections, pre-cancerous, neoplastic lesions, and other causes -it is essential to carefully investigate for an accurate diagnosis. 37 Genital tuberculosis occurs more frequently in old, postmenopausal women, almost always related to an active or reactivated tuberculous focus, with a predominance of lesions in the fallopian tubes, in the endometrium, and rarely in the vulvovaginal region. ...
... Children and adolescents are the most frequently affected groups, usually from a tuberculous focus. 16,17,36,46 Some studies show the occurrence of this tuberculid post-vaccination with BCG, as well as infections by NTM, among which the M. avium-intracellulare complex stands out. However, M. tuberculosis DNA has been previously demonstrated by PCR in some cases. ...
... Doses of drugs used in the maintenance phase: rifampicin (600 mg/day for adults and 10 mg/kg daily for children) and isoniazid (600 mg/day for adults and 10 mg/kg daily for children). 36 Surgical excision may be considered in refractory lesions to correct deformities in recalcitrant cases. 50 Tuberculid treatment follows the same regimens recommended for true TB. ...
Tuberculosis is certainly one of the diseases considered to be ancient on planet Earth. The etiological agent of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This terrible bacterial infection still results in severe socioeconomic consequences to date, and its complete eradication represents a great challenge. It constitutes one of the most important public health problems in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, this infection results in more than 4,000 deaths daily worldwide, with 10.4 million being affected annually and 1.5 million deaths from TB every year. With the emergence of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the disease became the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Cutaneous tuberculosis is a rare infection that represents 1% to 1.5% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, whose etiological agents are Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, and the attenuated form of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG vaccine). Cutaneous tuberculosis can be exogenous; endogenous: caused by contiguity or autoinoculation and by hematogenous spread; induced by the Calmette-Guérin bacillus and manifest as a tuberculid. The diagnosis of the infection is carried out through the direct test, culture, histopathology, tuberculin skin test, polymerase chain reaction, interferon-gamma release assay, and genotyping. Drugs used comprise isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol.
... Inicialmente, são pequenas pápulas avermelhadas-amarronzadas de consistência gelatinosa (nódulos de geleia de maçã) e bordas bem definidas. 21 Elas lentamente evoluem, sendo capazes de coalescerem e formarem placas de centro limpo e atrofiado. 8 A tuberculose de inoculação primária caracteriza-se pelo aparecimento de uma úlcera rasa e indolor, com base granular endurecida e bordas elevadas. ...
A OMS ESTIMA QUE A TUBERCULOSE (TB) AFETE CERCA DE 20-40% DA POPULAÇÃO MUNDIAL. DENTRE AS FORMAS EXTRAPULMONARES, PODE HAVER ACOMETIMENTO CUTÂNEO, QUE É RESPONSÁVEL POR SOMENTE 1-4,4% DE TODAS AS FORMAS DE TB. A TUBERCULOSE CUTÂNEA (TBC) É UMA PATOLOGIA RARA E NÃO BEM DEFINIDA, QUE OCORRE DEVIDO INFECÇÃO PELO M. TUBERCULOSIS OU M. BOVIS. AS FORMAS CUTÂNEAS DE TB SÃO CLASSIFICADAS DE ACORDO COM OS PADRÕES CLÍNICOS MORFOLÓGICOS, A VIA DE AQUISIÇÃO (INOCULAÇÃO EXÓGENA, DISSEMINAÇÃO HEMATOGÊNICA OU EXTENSÃO REGIONAL) E AS CIRCUNSTÂNCIAS DO ESTADO IMUNE DO HOSPEDEIRO. O DIAGNÓSTICO DEFINITIVO DE TBC EXIGIRÁ BIÓPSIA PARA FINS HISTOPATOLÓGICOS, BEM COMO COLORAÇÃO DE BAAR E CULTURA. A TERAPIA PRECONIZA O USO DE RIFAMPICINA, ISONIAZIDA, PIROZINAMIDA E ETAMBUTOL POR 2 MESES, SEGUIDO POR TRATAMENTO DE MANUTENÇÃO, POR 4 MESES, COM RIFAMPICINA E ISONIAZIDA. OBJETIVO: O ESTUDO PROPOSTO TEM COMO OBJETIVO IDENTIFICAR A PREVALÊNCIA DE TUBERCULOSE CUTÂNEA NOS ÚLTIMOS 10 ANOS, EM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO DE BRASÍLIA (HUB), ASSIM COMO AS PRINCIPAIS FORMAS DE APRESENTAÇÃO CLÍNICA DAS LESÕES DE PELE, OS ESQUEMAS TERAPÊUTICOS MAIS UTILIZADOS NOS CASOS REGISTRADOS, O TEMPO DE TRATAMENTO E RESPOSTA TERAPÊUTICA. MÉTODOS: TRATA-SE DE UM ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO E TRANSVERSAL, A PARTIR DE ANÁLISE QUANTI-QUALITATIVA DE DADOS COLETADOS NOS PRONTUÁRIOS DE PACIENTES ATENDIDOS E ACOMPANHADOS NO AMBULATÓRIO DE DERMATOLOGIA DO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO DE BRASÍLIA (HUB), NO PERÍODO DE 2009 A 2019. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: A PESQUISA REVELOU APENAS 12 PACIENTES COM O DIAGNÓSTICO DE TUBERCULOSE CUTÂNEA. HOUVE PREDOMÍNIO NO SEXO MASCULINO, DISCORDANDO DA MAIORIA DOS ESTUDOS JÁ PRESENTES. PESSOAS ENTRE 41-60 ANOS FORAM RESPONSÁVEIS PELA METADE DOS CASOS ENCONTRADOS. O PERCENTUAL DE PESSOAS IMUNOSSUPRIMIDAS POR TERAPIA MEDICAMENTOSA FOI DE 16,7%, E ESTES APRESENTARAM UMA MÉDIA DE TEMPO DA EVOLUÇÃO CLÍNICA MAIS PROLONGADA QUE OS DEMAIS. 50% DAS LESÕES SE APRESENTARAM NOS MEMBROS INFERIORES. 16,7%. A MAIORIA DOS PACIENTES SE SUBMETEU AO PPD (91,7%). DESTES, 81,8% MOSTRARAM-SE COMO REATOR FORTE. TODOS OS PACIENTES PESQUISADOS APRESENTARAM HISTOPATOLOGIA SUGESTIVA PARA TUBERCULOSE CUTÂNEA. 16,6% APRESENTARAM MUDANÇA DE DIAGNÓSTICO APÓS CERCA DE NOVE A DEZ MESES DE TRATAMENTO PARA A TBC. APENAS SETE PACIENTES COMPLETARAM O TRATAMENTO PARA TBC NO HUB, E DESTES, 71,4% OBTIVERAM CURA. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: ESTE É O PRIMEIRO ESTUDO REALIZADO SOBRE O ASSUNTO NO DISTRITO FEDERAL. AS LESÕES MAIS COMUMENTE OBSERVADAS FORAM PLACAS, ABSCESSOS E NÓDULOS. SÃO IMPORTANTES PARA O DIAGNÓSTICO O PPD E A HISTOPATOLOGIA, SENDO A CULTURA DE PELE POUCO EFICAZ. APESAR DE TER SIDO ESTABELECIDO O TRATAMENTO PRECONIZADO PELO MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE, A MAIORIA DOS CASOS OCORRE POR UM PERÍODO DE TEMPO MAIS PROLONGADO QUE OS SEIS MESES INICIALMENTE RECOMENDADO. ASSIM, PERCEBE-SE A NECESSIDADE DE ESTABELECER CRITÉRIOS CLÍNICOS PARA IDENTIFICAR FORMAS E TBC RESISTENTES E PARA DEFINIR O MOMENTO ADEQUADO DA MUDANÇA TERAPÊUTICA.
... Skuamöz hücreli karsinom (SHK), bazal hücreli karsinomdan sonra en sık görülen nonmelanotik deri kanseridir [1]. Kronik ultraviyoleye (UV) maruz kalma cilt kanserlerinin en sık nedenidir [2]. Sıcağa uzun süre maruz kalma sonrası SHK gelişmiş bazı olgular bildirilmiştir [3,4]. ...
... Sıcağa uzun süre maruz kalma sonrası SHK gelişmiş bazı olgular bildirilmiştir [3,4]. SHK normal deriden gelişebilmekle birlikte sıklıkla öncü lezyonlar zemininde gelişir [2,5]. SHK' nın sıklıkla görüldüğü lokalizasyonlar baş, boyun, kollar gibi güneşe fazla maruz kalan alanlardır [1,6,7]. ...
... Kutanöz skuamöz hücreli karsinomlar tüm cilt kanserlerinin yaklaşık %20 sini oluşturmaktadır. Primer kutanöz SHK'lar genellikle vücudun güneşe maruz kalan bölgelerinden gelişir, başta UV-B olmak üzere kronik UV' ye maruz kalma cilt kanserlerinin primer nedenidir [2]. SHK normal deriden de gelişebilir. ...
zet Derinin skuamoz hücreli karsinomu [SHK] keratinize epitelyum hücrelerinin malin tümörüdür. Melanomdan sonra ikinci sıklıkta ölüme yol açan deri kanseridir. SHK için tanımlanmış risk faktörleri yaş, erkek cinsiyet, güneş ışığına maruz kalma, pre-kanseröz lezyon varlığı ve immünsüpresyondur. Diğer etiyolojik faktörlerden biri-de bazı toplumlarda ayrı bir antite olarak bildirilmiş kronik ısı maruziyetidir. Tan-dır Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu da ekmek pişirmek amacıyla kullanılan derin çu-kur yapısında bir fırındır. Uzun süreli tandır kullanan bayanlarda eller ve yüz yakla-şık 450°C 'ye varan sıcaklığa maruz kalır. Bu yazıda her iki el bileğinde SHK geli-şen 71 yaşında bayan hasta sunuyoruz. Hasta yaklaşık 40 yıl tandır sıcağına ma-ruz kalmıştı. Hastamızda tekrarlayan ve uzun süren ısı maruziyetinin malin dönü-şüme katkıda bulunduğunu düşündük. Tandır sıcağına bağlı gelişmiş simetrik SHK olgusunu ilk kez tanımlıyoruz. Abstract Skin squamous cell carsinoma (sSCC) is a malignant tumor of keratinizing epi-dermal cells. It is the second leading cause of death after melanoma. The risk factors for SCC include older age, male sex, sun exposure, precancerous lesion and immunosuppression. Other etiological factors responsible in the development of cutaneous SCC in some societies include chronic exposure to thermal radiation. Tandoor is used specifically in the eastern and southeastern regions of Turkey for made bread. Hands and face are subjected to a temperature of approximate 450°C for a lengthy period while using the tandoor. In this paper we presented a 71 years old female patient with squamous cell carcinoma in her both wrists. She was exposed to tandoor heat for approximately 40 years. We think the continuous and repetitive high-temperature might have significantly contributed to development of the neoplasia in our patient. Tandoor heat related bilateral SCC in our present case report appears to be first reported in literature.
... 3,4 Squamous and basal carcinoma may develop in up to 10.5% of patients, usually after 25-30 years of the infection. 43,44 The lesions of verrucous TB are single, painless, and in areas that are prone to traumas, as occurred in our patients with leg or foot injury background (Fig. 6). [45][46][47][48] Historically, they are related to handling infectious material, especially in some professional groups, and also attributed to walking barefoot. ...
Background:
Brazil is one of the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden countries of the world. Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. This study aimed to describe the clinico-evolutive, laboratory and therapeutic aspects of CTB cases among patients from a cohort with TB in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Methods:
Cases of diagnosed CTB with microbiologic confirmation or clinical response to anti-tuberculous treatment associated with positive smear or histopathological findings between the years 2000 and 2016 were selected.
Results:
Seventy-five patients with CTB were included, most were women (58.7%) with a median age of 42 years. CTB diagnosis was based on culture in only 42.7% of the cases. Scrofuloderma represented 50.7% of the cases, followed by erythema induratum of Bazin (EIB) (18.7%), tuberculous gumma (13.3%), lupus vulgaris (8%), TB verrucosa cutis (4%), orificial TB (2.7%) and associated forms (2.7%). Other TB presentations were pulmonary (22.7%), mammary (6.6%) and osteoarticular (4%). All patients who completed the treatment (97.3%) had their lesions healed. Only two patients (2.6%) needed to change the therapy due to adverse reactions. Fifty percent of EIB patients presented recurrence.
Conclusions:
These data highlight the diversity of CTB presentations and the importance of the skin to assist in early identification and treatment of TB. More studies are necessary to improve the knowledge on EIB for a better approach towards these patients, mainly in cases of recurrence.
... 12 There are only a few reports on ''acute'' malignant transformation of tuberculosis being reported in literature. 13,14 This particular case report highlights the point that malignant transformation may occur as early as nine months, a warning sign to the medical fraternity in tuberculosis endemic areas. ...
A 72-year-old man presented with a chronic scaly verrucous plaque over his right knee for nine months. The lesion was preceded by a well healed scar sustained five years back from a road traffic accident. He was given multiple courses of systemic antibiotic and antifungal medications but to no avail. A skin biopsy confirmed cutaneous tuberculosis. The area of plaque subsided significantly with antituberculosis treatment. However, during the second month of treatment, a new onset of a red fleshy granulating growth developed on the pre-existing site. A repeat skin biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). He was subsequently referred for surgical excision. This is presumably the first reported case of SCC arising from tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. While most malignant transformations from tuberculosis has been thought to develop after a long period of time (usually more than twenty-five years), this case report showed that it may also occur within a short period of time. Awareness on this condition is important because any delay in diagnosis and treatment may have detrimental consequences.
... Malignancy develops in up to 8% of patients with long-standing lupus vulgaris. Squamous cell carcinoma and sarcoma occur occasionally (42)(43)(44)(45)(46). An instance of Hodgkin's disease complicating lupus vulgaris also has been described (47). ...
Cutaneous Tuberculosis, Page 1 of 2
Abstract
Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) may present in various clinical manifestations. Skin involvement may occur as a result of exogenous inoculation, contiguous spread from a nearby focus of infection, or by hematogenous spread from a distant focus. Because the clinical presentation of cutaneous TB can vary widely, it is important to have a high index of suspicion in appropriate clinical settings. In this chapter, the various clinical manifestations of clinical TB are classified by source of infection (exogenous, endogenous, and hematogenous spread). These are linked to the clinical appearance and histology of the skin lesions. Hopefully, this will resolve the confusion created by the myriad of terms previously used in the medical literature. Once a diagnosis of cutaneous TB is entertained, a biopsy for both culture and histopathology should be submitted. In some cases histopathology may show nonspecific inflammation without classic granuloma formation. In these cases, monoclonal antibodies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing may be useful. In fact, in recent years, PCR amplification has proven to be invaluable in assisting identification of M. tuberculosis from skin biopsies in patients with negative TB cultures. In most instances, treatment of cutaneous TB requires combination chemotherapy. This is especially important in patients with extra cutaneous disease, multiple skin lesions, and those with profound immunosuppression. Surgery also may play both a diagnostic and therapeutic role.
... Cutaneous tuberculosis was more frequent among white individuals, corroborating data of other Brazilian studies 9,17,19,20,[22][23][24][27][28][29][30] ; however, it is most often found among Asians and black Africans, possibly due to socioeconomic conditions rather than ethnic differences 47 . ...
Background::
Tuberculosis is a serious health problem in Brazil so that the knowledge on the aspects of cutaneous tuberculosis is medically important.
Objective::
To assess the characteristics of patients with cutaneous tuberculosis treated at the Cassiano Antonio Moraes University Hospital, located in the city of Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Methods::
This is a retrospective, descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study using the medical records of 29 patients with cutaneous tuberculosis treated at the Dermatology and Pulmonology services of the hospital from 1986 to 2011. The inclusion criterion was the confirmation of cutaneous tuberculosis taking into account clinical, epidemiological, immunological, and bacteriological findings, as well as the response to specific treatment.
Results::
Of the 29 studied patients; 18 (62%) were women with average age of 37 years; the predominant clinical condition was erythema induratum of Bazin in 12 (41.4%) cases; and the cutaneous lesions were in the lower limbs in 19 (65.8%) patients. Extra-cutaneous involvement occurred in eight (27.6%) cases. The tuberculin tests were positive in 15 (79%) individuals and the assessment of the infectious agent was negative in most of the investigated cases.
Conclusion::
The study found a low frequency (0.44%) of cutaneous tuberculosis in an endemic area of tuberculosis. There was a predominance of infection in women aged thirty to forty years. Erythema induratum was the most common clinical condition, affecting mainly the lower limbs, in contrast to other Brazilian studies that found scrofuloderma as the most common manifestation, predominating in the cervical region of male children and adolescents.
... Similar exceptional cases of facial CTB with and without ocular involvement have been rarely reported earlier. [4,5] A brief review is presented in Table 1 [5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . Ocular involvement may range from minimal conjunctivitis to periostitis, cold abscess, dacryoadenitis and bony involvement which may have grave consequences if diagnosis and therapy is delayed. ...
... Cheek (LV) 3 months NA ATT Relieved, lost to follow-up Ljubenovic et al., [16] 75/M, Serbia B/L preauricular,Lt. Ear, forehead (LV) ...
... [19] A strongly positive PPD reaction of >15 mm has been considered of diagnostic value by Bravo et al. [1] A hyperactive skin test in our patient was the only fi nding suggesting CTB simulating observations made in other documented cases [ Table 1]. [5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In spite of exhaustive laboratory work-up, diagnosis remained incomprehensible. With a view to treat probable sporotrichosis or chromoblastomycosis, both of which are a common occurrence in this region, a therapeutic trial with SSKI was initiated but without improvement. ...
A 22-year-old male presented to the Dermatology Department with bilateral plaque lesions distributed symmetrically over malar area, bridge of nose and upper eyelids progressing over 1 year 3 months. Lesion remained unhealed after antibiotic treatment. Microscopy and culture for fungal and mycobacterial infections were negative. The Mantoux test showed an exaggerated response and PCR was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Patient was treated successfully with anti-tubercular therapy.
... Genellikle uzun süreli güneş maruziyeti ile ilişkili olarak baş-boyun bölgesinde görülmektedir. 2 Uzun süre (10-30 yıl) devam eden, 1,2 lupus vul-Lupus Vulgaris Zemininde Gelişen Skuamöz Hücreli Karsinom Olgusu Ö ÖZ ZE ET T Deri tüberkülozu ekstra pulmoner tutulumunun yaklaşık %10'unu oluşturur. En sık görülen formu lupus vulgaristir ve tüm olguların %55'inden fazlasını kapsar. ...
... Burun, yanaklar ve kulaklar en sık etkilenen bölgelerdir. 1 Lupus vulgarisin klinik görünümü plak, ülseratif, vejetatif, tümöre benzer 3-4 mm çapında yumuşak, derin yerleşimli papülonodüler lezyonlardan oluşmaktadır. 2,7 Olgumuzda papüloplak ve yer yer ülsere lezyonlar mevcuttu. Lezyonların diaskopik incelemesinde kırmızımsı-kahverengi renkte klasik elma jölesi görünüm izlenmektedir. 2 Lezyonlar genişledikçe genellikle merkezinde skar gelişmektedir. 2 Lupus vulgarisin histopatolojisinde epidermal hiperplazi ve değişen derecede nekrozla birlikte epiteloid granülomlar izlenmektedir. ...
... Lezyonların diaskopik incelemesinde kırmızımsı-kahverengi renkte klasik elma jölesi görünüm izlenmektedir. 2 Lezyonlar genişledikçe genellikle merkezinde skar gelişmektedir. 2 Lupus vulgarisin histopatolojisinde epidermal hiperplazi ve değişen derecede nekrozla birlikte epiteloid granülomlar izlenmektedir. 8 Lupus vulgaris tanısı öykü, fizik muayene ve histopatolojik bulgulara ek olarak ve/veya Erlich Ziehl Neilsen (EZN) boyamada aside dirençli M. tuberculosis basilinin gösterilmesi ile konulmaktadır. 1 Deri tüberkülozunda basil sayısı olgunun hücresel bağışıklık durumuna bağlıdır, bağışıklık durumu iyi olanlarda daha az basil bulunmaktadır. ...
Cutaneous form of tuberculosis account for approximately 10% of all cases of extrapulmonary. Lupus vulgaris is the most common form, representing more than 55% of all cases. Lupus vulgaris is usually chronic and progressive. Cutaneous tuberculosis may be because of true infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or because of tuberculids. Tuberculids are immunological reactions to haematogenously spread antigenic components of M. tuberculosis. True cutaneous tuberculosis may be because of inoculation or haematogenous spread of M. tuberculosis to the skin. Malignization can occur after a long latency (10-30 years), in 1-2 % of the cases, and it mainly in squamous cell carcinoma. We describe a patient who had undiagnosed lupus vulgaris for 40 years until she developed squamous cell carcinoma on lesion of lupus vulgaris.
