Fig 8 - uploaded by Saleh Esmaeilzadeh
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Histological structure of anterior lobe in the testosterone group, (H & E). The number and length of the folds in alveoli are increased, therefore the alveolar lumen (A) is filled and they connected together. Thick muscle layers surrounding the secretory alveoli are considerable.
Source publication
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in human that gradual overgrowth of the prostate gland leads to impinge on the urethra with impairment in urinary function. Numerous plants improve uncontrolled growth of the prostate gland and improve urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH. In this study, 25 healthy adult male Wistar rats...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... experimental groups (Mean ± SD). findings: Anterior lobe. Normally, epithelium in the anterior lobe had a lot of folds (Fig. 7). However, under the influence of testosterone, height and number of epithelium folds were grown, thus, they filled alveolar cavity. Muscle cells were increased in several layers around alveoli compared to control group (Fig. ...
Citations
... Whether the age of the animals or the design of the experiments could have affected the outcome is not clearly known, but the strong phytoesterogenic properties of the Rosa should be considered when analyzing the outcomes. Moradi et al and Chrubasil et al worked on Urtica root extract and reported that this extract inhibited the activity of 5areductase, thereby preventing the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (9,10). Comparing the level of free testosterone in the young animals with the middle-age animals indicates that free testosterone levels decrease with ageing. ...
Background
Andropause starts in middle-aged men and affects hormonal balance and behavioral/sexual functions. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of two Rosa Damascena Mill. (Rosaceae, Rosa) and Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae, Urtica); in relieving andropause symptoms due to their antioxidant and reproductive properties.
Methods
Animals were allocated into five groups including the young, control vehicle, Rosa, Urtica and Rosa + Urtica groups. Behavioral tests were performed. Sperm parameters and sex hormones were also assessed.
Results
Both extracts, especially in combined form increased preference index and muscle strength and decreased the level of depression significantly. Semen quality increased in the extract-treated groups. Testosterone level was increased significantly in the Rosa + Urtica group in middle-aged animals after 50 days of treatment. luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the level of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) also changed in the extract-treated groups.
Conclusions
Rosa Damascena Mill and Urtica dioica can change testosterone level in the middle-aged animals and also ameliorate andropause symptoms. Mood, muscle strength and cognition would improve following administration of these herbs. The herbal nature of these extracts and their worldwide use in traditional medicine make them more appropriate for human studies and applications.
... The extractions form the leaves show evidence for immunomodulation in pre-clinical (animal) studies (Chrubasik et al., 2007;Hryb et al., 1995;Nahata and Dixit, 2012). In rats, U. dioica inhibits the cellular proliferation and prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone, more specifically in the anterior and ventral lobes (Reza Moradi et al., 2015). Furthermore, lipophilic extractions, particularly sterols from the root, inhibit Na + -K + -ATPase activity, which further reduced prostatic hyperplasia (Hirano et al., 1994). ...
Background
: The use of herbal medicine and alternative medicine is reported to be in up to 50% of prescriptions for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) in Europe, along with an increased global interest for holistic medicinal approaches. This study aimed to systematically review the published evidence investigating the use of herbal medicines as a treatment for BPH in clinical trials based on PRISMA guidelines.
Methods
: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, and Scopus databases, including English language clinical trials (Jadad score of ≥ 4) that investigated herbal medicine as a sole intervention, reporting at least one of the following outcomes: International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS); American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUASI); Maximum Urinary Flow Rate (Qmax); Post-void residual volume (PRV); Prostate volume (PV); Serum Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA); Quality of Life (QoL) Scores.
Results
: Following article screening, 28 articles were included. The most frequently studied herbs in isolation or in combination were Serenoa repens (54%), Urtica dioica (14%), Cucurbita pepo (14%), lycopene (14%), Pygeum africanum (14%) and Linum usitatissimum (7%). These herbal-based formulations mostly improved the symptoms associated with BPH (IPSS/AUASI, Qmax, PSA, QoL scores, PRV and PV). This review further discusses these herbs and the outcomes, with a focus on the potential mechanisms of action.
Conclusions
: There are limited high quality clinical trials investigating herbal medicine on BPH, where S. repens is significantly more represented than other popular herbs for BPH, such as C. pepo, U. dioica, P. africanum, and lycopene. Although the included studies broadly found positive positive results for standardised outcomes for LUTS and urinary flow, there was great variability in the study designs requires caution in interpretation. As these herbs are supported by in vivo and in vitro studies on potential mechanisms of actions, comparison of efficacy of mono-herbal and poly-herbal approaches, standardized extract based on identification of active constituents, as well as dosage and long-term safety.
... У млекопитающих придаточные половые железы представлены семенными пузырьками, предстательной железой, уретральными и бульбоуретральными железами, железами, коагулирующими сперму, ампулярными железами [12,15,37,39,40,47,51,52,64]. ...
In mammals, the adnexal sex glands are represented by seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, urethral and bulbourethral glands, as well as glands that coagulate sperm and ampullary glands. The secret of the accessory genital glands increases the volume of the ejaculate (the share of secretions of these glands accounts for about 95% of the volume of ejaculate) promotes sperm, causes increased contraction of smooth muscle cells in the walls of the female genital tract.The purpose of this review is to analyze the morphofunctional organization of seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands of mammalian animals and humans.The presence or absence of seminal vesicles is a species-specific feature. Among mammals, seminal vesicles are well developed in some rodents, insectivores, a number of domestic animals (cattle, pigs), and primates. These glands are absent in cloacae, marsupials, some carnivores, a number of insectivores, artiodactyls. Bulbourethral glands are well developed in rodents, bats, primates, and some ungulates.In the wall of the seminal vesicles, the mucous, muscular and outer membranes are isolated. The epithelium of the secretory parts is pseudomultitial, the interstitium is represented by loose fibrous connective tissue and a significant number of smooth muscle cells. In the wall of the bulbourethral glands, the mucosa and adventitial membrane are isolated. The secretory end sections of the bulbourethral glands are lined with a single-layer single-row epithelium, glandular cells produce a mucosal or mixed secret. The seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands are androgen-dependent glands. In species with a seasonal pattern of reproduction, their morphofunctional characteristics undergo significant changes during the circannual rhythm of reproduction.The epithelium of seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands is very sensitive to the action of various adverse factors (heavy metal compounds, organic xenobiotics, electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, etc.). When exposed to various negative factors in the adnexal glands, a complex of changes occurs (edema of connective tissue and epithelium, decreased secretory activity of epithelial cells, desynchronization of the secretory cycle, desquamation of glandular epithelial cells, proliferation of interstitial connective tissue).There is a lack of information on many aspects of the characteristics of the adnexal glands of the male reproductive system, primarily on the morphology and physiology of the adnexal glands of animals in natural ecosystems, on the ultrastructural and immunohistochemical characteristics of these glands, as well as on the mechanisms of regulation of morphofunctional rearrangements of the adnexal glands during seasonal reproduction rhythms, in the conditions of adaptation to various negative influences.
... Nettle increased the serum testosterone level in the nettle group compared to the control group (p>0.05). Therefore, the higher sensitivity of anterior and ventral lobes to hormonal response than the dorsal and lateral lobes was observed after oral administration of nettle root extract [18]. ...
Background
Benign Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is known as prevalence disease in men after the age of 50 years old. Ninety percent of men with the age of 80 years and over have BPH. BPH is associated with functional problems like dysuria, nocturia, polyuria, urinary incontinence and recurrent urinary tract infections. Urtica dioica or nettle is a popular medicinal plant for management of BPH in men.
Objective
This article evaluates the efficacy and safety of nettle and its related possible mechanisms in management of BPH. Methods: For preparation of this manuscript, all information was gathered from accessible and inaccessible resources (Web, Books, Thesis, etc.).
Results
The results of preclinical and clinical studies confirmed the efficacy of nettle roots extracts (methanol, ethanol, and petroleum ether) in improvement of BPH in term of IPSS score, and patient's life quality. An increase in mean and maximum urinary flow rates and a reduction in prostate volume and residual urine level were observed after treatment with nettle extract. Nettle roots should be used for 6-12 months that its use is possible for long time without any serious adverse effects.
Conclusion
Designing the clinical trials to compare the efficacy of different extracts from root or leaf and investigation on molecular mechanisms of action could be the approaches for future
... The flowers, leaves, stem and root of Nettle are used for medicinal purposes (14). For a long time it has been employed for treatment of urological problems like kidney stones and prostatic hyperplasia (14,15). In addition, Nettle has antimicrobial, anti-arthritis and glucose lowering effects (16)(17)(18)(19). ...
Introduction: Hypothyroidism is an important endocrine disorder determined by some depressed symptoms. Urtica dioica (Urticaceae) is a medicinal plant which has been traditionally used for treatment of a wide range of decreased functions of different organs. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of U. dioica on thyroid hormones in propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism in rats. Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups including control, PTU, different doses of Urtica dioica hydroalcoholic extract (UDHAE) treated and levothyroxine treated groups. The animals in various groups received water (control group) or water containing 0.1% W/V PTU and then injected saline (control group) or 25, 50, 100, 150 mg/kg UDHAE, respectively for 4 weeks. Positive control group was fed levothyroxine 0.5 mg/kg during the PTU treatment. Then, the blood samples were collected and the levels of thyroxine (T 4 ), triiodothyronine (T 3 ), free triiodothyronine (FT 3 ) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measured via the Elisa method. Results: The data showed that PTU decreased the blood level of thyroid hormones but increased TSH, significantly. The 50 or 100 mg/kg doses of UDHAE remarkably increased the blood level of T 3 and FT 3 . The 50 mg/kg doses of UDHAE increased the blood level of T 4 . None of the UDHAE doses showed significant change in the TSH levels. 25 and 150 mg/kg doses of UDHAE did not change the PTU- diminished level of thyroid related hormones. Conclusion: The findings suggest that 50 mg/kg dose of UDHAE has stimulatory effect on thyroid gland function and raises plasma T 3 & T 4 & FT 3 levels. UDHAE at the dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg could enhance blood level of T 3 and FT 3 perhaps by increase in T 4 to T 3 transformation. Higher doses of UDHAE could not increase the level of these hormones probably due to the presence of inhibitory materials.
... The intervention lasted 42 days. Testosterone and UDE dosage were administered according to the authors' previous studies [1,16]. The study was adopted according to the regulations by the Iranian Veterinary Organization and manuals published by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran. ...
... The epididymis was separated from testes and then, weight and volume of the testes were recorded. Volume of testes was measured by the water displacement method [16]. Samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin following the standard histological procedure. ...
... Histological and histometrical degenerative changes on prostate epithelial cells were induced by the oral administration of U. dioica root extract, which may be attributed to its antiandrogen properties. Lignans, sterols, flavonoids and polysaccharides, lecithin, and fatty acids in U. dioica root are responsible for pharmacological effects (antiandrogen role) [16]. ...
Introduction: Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is the most important genus in the plant family Urticaceae. Urtica Dioica root Extract (UDE) is widely used for the treatment of prostate hyperplasia. Side effects of UDE were not studied on other organs such as testes (an important organ of the male reproductive system). Furthermore, antagonist effects of UDE on testosterone were considered. Therefore, the current study aimed at evaluating the effects of UDE, alone or in combination with testosterone, on testicular structure.
Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups: the control group; 10 mg/kg/day testosterone receiving group, 50 mg/kg/day UDE receiving group, 10 mg/kg/day testosterone plus 50 mg/kg/day UDE receiving group, and 10 mg/kg/day almond oil (testosterone solvent) receiving group. After 42 days, blood and testicle tissue samples were collected. Weight and volume of the testes were recorded. Samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin following the standard histological procedure. The 5-6-μm thickness sections were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E).
Results: The relative weight of testes in the UDE group showed a significant increase, compared with that of the control group (P
... We have shown the antioxidant effect of Zingiber officinale on ischemiareperfusion damage in rat kidneys (Uz et al., 2009). There are few studies that have shown anti-hyperplasic effect of Urtica in rats (Moradi et al., 2015). ...
Objective
Urinary tract conditions have been an important part of diseases from antiquity until today. Historically, many plants and herbs have been used for the treatment of urinary disorders.
Methods
Celâlüddîn Hızır bin Ali el-Konevi (Hadji Pasha) is one of the most famous physician who lived in Anatolia between 13th and 14th centuries. He has written one of the most important medical books of that era, "Müntehab-ıŞifa" (solution of wellness) in Turkish. General medical information about the diseases in this book, focus on diagnosis and treatment.
Results
The herbal solutions for urological disorders such as, urinary incontinence, urinary stones or erection problems are told in this section.
Conclusion
Many of the herbal medicines addressed in this book are being widely used in current medicine, but the usage of these herbals in daily urology practice is limited. In this study, we aimed to share the advices for the urological diseases and the related herbal medicines that are named in Hadji Pasha’s book, "Müntehab-ıŞifa ", with today's physicians.
... Также представляет интерес тот факт, что спустя 18 мес лечебный эффект сохранялся только у тех пациентов, кото рые продолжали принимать лечение. H.R. Moradi и соавто ры [8], продемонстрировали, что экстракт крапивы двудо мной снижает вероятность развития гистологических изме нений, характерных для ДГПЖ, в ПЖ у крыс, получающих тестостерон. В исследованиях in vitro и in vivo также было доказано, что Saw palmetto обладает противовоспалительны ми свойствами и, за счет этого, эффективно снижает выра женность СНМП, вызванных ДГПЖ. ...
... It is reported to have anti-proliferative effect on prostatic epithelial cells, which could be a potential mechanism of action in patients with BPH (Durak et al., 2004). The nettle root could prevent from some of prostatic hyperplasia effects, so that percentage of folded alveoli in ventral lobe reduced insignificantly (Moradi et al., 2015). Nettle also forms the part of many herbal medicines that act as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiviral remedies; it relieves the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia due to diverse phytosterol, lignan and polysaccharide compounds in it with varied level of success (Wagner et al., 1994;Mills and Bone, 2000;Farahpore et al., 2015). ...
Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.; family Urticaceae) is widely used species by traditional societies in temperate and tropical Asia, Europe, northern America and northern Africa. Based on literature search this paper aims to evaluate efficacy of stinging nettle concerning to ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and other ethnobotanical uses. As food the species has nutritional and immunity modulating benefits. It has shown positive applicability for treating various ailments, such as BPH, diabetes, anemia, asthma, blood pressure, kidney problem, cancer, etc.; although these claims are based on different doses, nettle type and duration of intervention, and at times results have some inconsistency. As future prospects there is a need to take-up more coordinated researches and validation studies so that applicability of nettle could be established properly against various diseases. Also, proper quality control as well as toxicological investigations is required to guarantee the stability and safety of the clinical uses. The study however highlights that stinging nettle is characterized by considerable dietary and health-maintaining qualities and has strong potential for food and therapeutic purposes. Citation: Pant V., Sundriyal R.C.*, 2016. Nutritional and therapeutic efficacy of Stinging Nettle-A review.
... For macroscopic study, testes were weighed using digital scale (with a minimum accuracy of 0.001g). Volume of testes was calculated using water displacement method [29]. For microscopic study, Dino-Lite digital lens and Dino Capture 2 Software were used. ...
... After 35 days in the present study, WSE (200 mg/kg/day) and combined lead and vitamin E groups showed the heaviest body weight, compared to that of other groups. Antioxidant compounds can increase body weight and volume and weight of genital organs [7,9,29,30]. ...
... Dorostghol et al. (2013) have reported that oxidative stress causes a decrease in serum testosterone in rats exposed to lead; as shown in the current study [9]. In the current study, serum testosterone increased in groups receiving dose dependent WSE or vitamin E. Increased serum testosterone due to medicinal herbs, antioxidant and mineral substances such as vitamins C and E, and zinc has been reported in various studies [6,9,26,29]. Moreover, Leydig cells showed an increase in groups receiving vitamin E or WSE. ...
In recent years, the effects of lead have been shown on the male reproductive system and sperm fertility parameters. To treat of human problems and the pains, medicinal plants have been considered. The wheat sprout contains high amount of vitamins, minerals and phytoestrogens compounds. This study investigated the wheat sprout effects on sperm quality in rats exposed to lead. For this purpose, 30 healthy adult male Wistar rats (220 ±20 g) were divided randomly into six groups: G1 (Control group) received 1 ml/kg/day normal saline, G2 received 20 mg/kg/day lead acetate (intraperitoneally), G3 and G4 received 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day wheat sprout extract (orally) respectively, G5 and G6 received 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day wheat sprout extract (orally) respectively along with 20 mg/kg/day lead acetate (intraperitoneally). After 35 days, the rats were sacrificed using chloroform and sperm samples were taken from the caudal of the epididymis. Sperm total count, motility, viability, nuclear maturity, and DNA damage as the sperm quality parameters were determined. For statistical analysis, data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software. The results showed that sperm count, motility and viability were decreased and percentage of immature sperms was increased significantly following administration of the lead (P<0.01). In addition, sperm quality parameters were significantly improved by wheat sprout extract in a dose dependent manner (P<0.01). Results suggested that sperm quality in rats can be improved by wheat sprout extract following administration of lead acetate.
