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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx is extremely rare in adolescents and typically has an aggressive nature. The mechanism of laryngeal oncogenesis is complex and little is known about the role that human papillomavirus (HPV) plays in SCC in adolescents. We report a case of invasive laryngeal SCC that co-expressed HPV DNA subtypes 16 and 18...
Citations
... While there is no report of HPV-related neoplasms of the cervix of children, cervical dysplasia, preneoplastic, and perhaps even neoplastic lesions can occur more commonly in immunodeficient children or adolescents [120]. In general, oropharyngeal cancers in children are sporadic; however, several cases of HPV-associated SCC in the oral cavity and oropharynx of children have been reported [121][122][123]. ...
Human papillomavirus (HPV), the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease worldwide , is the causative agent for several genital and oropharyngeal cancers and a suspected agent for many malignancies. HPV is associated with several adverse health outcomes during pregnancy. Infants are also at risk of HPV infection via different transmission routes: vertically from an infected mother and horizontally through sexual or non-sexual contact with infected individuals. Several HPV manifestations have been identified during childhood, ranging from common skin infections to severe complications such as juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, manifestations, and treatment strategies of HPV infection during pregnancy and childhood. Moreover, we underline the role of vaccination in preventing complications.
... No cases of pediatric age patients with larynx cancer were found. To date, there are about 80 pediatric patients with larynx cancer reported since 1868, some of them related to HPV infection [20][21][22][23][24] . In this study, patients of the male gender predominated, which is consistent with previously described observations, since larynx cancer especially affects men 1,2 . ...
... In this study, patients of the male gender predominated, which is consistent with previously described observations, since larynx cancer especially affects men 1,2 . In 2009, Joos et al. 22 reported a predominance of the male gender of up to 80%; however, this relationship is different in younger population, in whom only 60% of male predominance has been reported. In recent years, a change has been observed in laryngeal cancer behavior pattern, including an increase in its frequency in young people, women and tobacco or alcohol non-consumers 22,25 . ...
... In 2009, Joos et al. 22 reported a predominance of the male gender of up to 80%; however, this relationship is different in younger population, in whom only 60% of male predominance has been reported. In recent years, a change has been observed in laryngeal cancer behavior pattern, including an increase in its frequency in young people, women and tobacco or alcohol non-consumers 22,25 . ...
... No se encontraron casos de pacientes en edad pediátrica con cáncer de laringe. Existen hasta la fecha cerca de 80 pacientes con cáncer de laringe en edad pediátrica reportados desde el año 1868, algunos de ellos relacionados con infección por el VPH [20][21][22][23][24] .En este estudio predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino, lo cual concuerda con lo descrito previamente, ya que el cáncer de laringe afecta en especial a los hombres 1,2 . Joos, et al. 22 es diferente en la población juvenil, en quienes se ha reportado solo el 60% de predominio del sexo masculino. ...
... Existen hasta la fecha cerca de 80 pacientes con cáncer de laringe en edad pediátrica reportados desde el año 1868, algunos de ellos relacionados con infección por el VPH [20][21][22][23][24] .En este estudio predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino, lo cual concuerda con lo descrito previamente, ya que el cáncer de laringe afecta en especial a los hombres 1,2 . Joos, et al. 22 es diferente en la población juvenil, en quienes se ha reportado solo el 60% de predominio del sexo masculino. En años recientes se ha observado un cambio en el patrón de comportamiento del cáncer de laringe, incluyendo un aumento de su frecuencia en personas jóvenes, mujeres y personas no consumidoras de tabaco ni alcohol 22,25 . ...
... Joos, et al. 22 es diferente en la población juvenil, en quienes se ha reportado solo el 60% de predominio del sexo masculino. En años recientes se ha observado un cambio en el patrón de comportamiento del cáncer de laringe, incluyendo un aumento de su frecuencia en personas jóvenes, mujeres y personas no consumidoras de tabaco ni alcohol 22,25 . El 96.4% de los pacientes con cáncer de laringe del presente estudio tenían el antecedente de tabaquismo, lo cual es mayor que lo reportado en estudios previos. ...
Antecedentes:
El cáncer de laringe representa el 21.7% de las neoplasias malignas de vías aerodigestivas superiores. La prevalencia del virus del papiloma humano (VPH) en el cáncer de laringe oscila entre el 0 y el 80%.
Método:
Se incluyeron 112 muestras de tejido laríngeo de pacientes con cáncer de laringe. Se amplificó el ADN y se analizó la presencia y el genotipo del VPH mediante hibridación reversa (INNO-LiPA®). Se realizaron pruebas de ji cuadrada, Fisher y t de Student no pareada.
Resultados:
Se incluyeron muestras de 107 hombres (95.5%) y 5 mujeres (4.5%), con una edad de 65.3 ± 10.1 años, con antecedente de tabaquismo 108 (96.4%), alcoholismo 9 (8.0%) y carcinoma epidermoide moderadamente diferenciado queratinizante 96 (85.7%). Se identificó VPH en 60 (53.5%), VPH-11 en 51 (45.5%), VPH-52 en 27 (24.1%), VPH-16 en 9 (8.0%), VPH-45 en 3 (2.6%) y coinfección por más de un genotipo en 31 (27.6%). No hubo diferencia entre pacientes con y sin infección por VPH en cuanto a edad, sexo, localización, diagnóstico histopatológico, tabaquismo ni alcoholismo (p > 0.05).
Conclusiones:
La prevalencia de infección por VPH en el cáncer de laringe fue del 53.5%, con coinfección por más de un genotipo en el 27.6%. El genotipo más frecuente fue el VPH-11, tipo de bajo riesgo, seguido por el VPH-52, de alto riesgo oncogénico.
Background:
Laryngeal cancer represents 21.7% of malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract. The prevalence of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in laryngeal cancer ranges 0 to 80%.
Methods:
We included 112 laryngeal tissue samples obtained from patients with laryngeal cancer. DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR. HPV presence and genotype were analyzed by the reverse hybridization INNO-LiPA® assay. Chi-square, Fisher’s and unpaired Student t tests were used.
Results:
Samples from 107 male (95.5%) and 5 female patients (4.5%) were evaluated, aged 65.3±10.1 years, 108 with smoking history (96.4%), 9 with alcoholism history (8.0%), and in 96 the histological diagnosis was moderately differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (85.7%). HPV was detected in 60 samples (53.5%), HPV-11 in 51 (45.5%), HPV-52 in 27 (24.1%), HPV-16 in 9 (8.0%), HPV-45 in 3 (2.6%), and coinfection by more than one genotype in 31 (27.6%). There was no difference between patients with and without HPV infection with respect to age, sex, tumor location and histology, smoking and alcoholism history (p>0.05).
Conclusions:
The prevalence of HPV infection in laryngeal cancer was 53.5% with coinfection with more than one genotype in 27.6%. The most frequent genotype was HPV-11, an oncogenic low-risk genotype, followed by HPV-52, a high-risk genotype.
... Human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) originates from the laryngeal epithelium (1,2). Advanced cervical lymph node metastasis frequently occurs in patients with LSCC, which may result in a poor prognosis (3). The 5-year survival rate (72.5%) is low due to tumor metastasis being responsible for >90% of cancer-associated mortalities in the Southeast Asia region, as found between 2000 and 2006 (4). ...
Human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a malignant cancer type. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAI1) is associated with the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of numerous tumor types, such as lung, liver and ovarian cancer. Previous studies have indicated that microRNA-153 (miR-153) may serve as a novel tumor suppressor, which is involved in tumor metastasis; however, the role and clinical significance of miR-153 in LSCC are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of miR-153 in the growth and aggressiveness of LSCC cells. Bioinformatics prediction method, western blot analysis, Matrigel invasion assay and immunofluorescence were used to analyze whether SNAI1 can be regulated and controlled by miR-153 in LSCC cells. An inverse association between miR-153 and SNAI1 was observed in LSCC tissues. It was demonstrated that SNAI1 is a direct target of miR-153 in LSCC. In addition, the results indicated that miR-153 knockdown inhibited PCI-13 cell migration and invasion by targeting SNAI1, which may be a potential marker that can reflect the degree of malignancy in patients with LSCC. Furthermore, miR-153 knockdown decreased Twist family BHLH transcription factor 1 and metastasis-associated 1 family member 3 expression in LSCC cells. In conclusion, these data indicated that miR-153 regulates LSCC migration via the targeting of SNAI1 gene, which may be a potential predictor for patients with LSCC.
... For identification of HPV type from removed tumor tissue the Optiplex HPV Genotyping Kit -Fluorescent Bead Assay containing a set of 24 HPV types in Polymerase Chain Reaction amplified samples was used. The patient was diagnosed with HPV type 26, which is not a high oncogenic risk HPV subtype, according to the literature [7]. ...
... The main risk factor for pediatric laryngeal SCC is considered a prior radiation for juvenile papillomatosis [9]. Moreover, HPV infection types 16, 18, 33 have been found to have a role in the development of pediatric laryngeal carcinoma [7,10]. ...
... Of significance is the fact of detection of HPV type 26 in laryngeal SCC tissue in our case. This HPV type is not considered to be of high oncogenic risk [7]. According to literature, this HPV type has been linked to a small number of cervical cancer cases [11]. ...
Laryngeal carcinoma is a rare pathology in children, with only 92 cases reported. Spontaneous regression of laryngeal carcinoma is even more unique clinical event, so far only observed in adults. In this report we present an extraordinary case of a 10 year old patient with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma that underwent spontaneous regression.
... The patient presented in this report received conventional radiotherapy at a dose of 66 Gy to a region confined to the larynx. As recently reported, a 13-year-old boy with T2N0MX moderately differentiated HPV-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis was administered a hyperfractionated dose of 81.6 Gy [11]. Diagnosis of CD is based on histological evaluation of lymph nodes, but fine-needle biopsy may be sufficient to confirm CD in the extranodal sites, although it is challenging for the pathologist. ...
Laryngeal cancer occurs rarely in adolescents and young people. Castleman?s disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of uncertain etiopathogenesis and heterogeneous clinicopathological forms. Involved lymph nodes and extranodal lesions in the course of Castleman?s disease may mimic malignant involvement. We report a case of an 18-year-old woman with T2N0M0 laryngeal glottis cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy. During the irradiation, the patient underwent an excision of incidentally discovered left-sided enlarged cervical lymph nodes located outside the irradiated area. Coincidental hyaline vascular type of Castleman?s disease was diagnosed. During six-year follow-up she has been free of cancer relapse and Castleman?s disease symptoms.
... Despite this knowledge, the clinical significance of these infections and the implications on disease prevention and treatment are unclear and require further investigation [48,49]. HPV (HPV-6 and HPV-11) has been suggested as a risk factor in developing larynx cancer in children and adolescents [50]. ...
Purpose of review:
Laryngeal cancer published literature was reviewed, with emphasis on reporting on young patients (<40 years). With such information, to comment on the evidence or not, that such patients, should they be nondrinkers and nonsmokers, have a differing cause and genetic/molecular profile rather than a spectrum of the classic disease.
Recent findings:
Head and neck cancer in young patients is documented at a rate of 0.4-3.6%, with laryngeal cancer being identified in less than 2% of all diagnosed head and neck cancer patients overall. Head and neck cancer in nondrinking nonsmokers has been reported from tertiary clinical hospitals only, with few patients having a diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, and thus their documented drinking and smoking habits may be considered suspect. Most of the molecular or genetic studies on young patients, who probably have had varying degrees of drinking and smoking habits, have been reported on nonlaryngeal head and neck sites. These finding should be confirmed on a 'pure group' of young patients (<40 years) with laryngeal cancer who confirm that they have been nondrinkers, and nonsmokers.
Summary:
Many authors comment that laryngeal cancer in young (<40 years) nondrinking nonsmoking patients is likely explained by some molecular or genetic level abnormality rather than histological and should be considered a distinct group. However, because of a low incidence of such patients and the rapid development in genetic sequencing, that such a project be completed requires greater collaboration between clinicians and pathologists.
... Our patient had none of the above except for exposure to passive smoke. Recently, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (16, 18, and 33) [7,8], HPV-induced genome mutation, and chromosomal translocation (t 15;19) [9] have been found to have a role in the development of these tumors in adolescence. The HPV typing or cytogenic evaluation was not done in our case as it is not available in our country. ...
Squamous cell carcinoma in children and adolescents is extremely rare. Less than 80 case reports have been reported in the literature since it was first reported in 1868. In this article, we intend to report a case where a 16-year-old girl who presented with complaints of change in voice was found to have early-stage vocal cord carcinoma on evaluation.
... 1 Squamous cell carcinoma of larynx is extremely rare in adoloscents and children but has a typically aggressive nature and fewer than 75 cases of squamous cell carcinoma has been reported in paediatric population upto date. 2 In patients less than 15 years of age, laryngeal cancers accounts for less than 0.1% of all head and neck malignancies; 3,4,5 and only 22 cases in patients 10 and younger group and 63 cases in patients 15 and younger group have been reported upto date since 1868. The first documented case of laryngeal cancer in a child was reported by rehn in 1868 in a 3 year-old child 5 . ...
... Rate of HPV positivity in carcinoma larynx is 13% -50% in different series and HPV-16 is the most frequently isolated subtype. 2 Co-infection with HPV 16/ 18, 18/33, and 6/33, 16/33, and 6/18 has been reported which is common in immunedeficiency since it impairs the control of HPV infection. 3 Specific oncogenes (E6 and E7) within the DNA sequence of HPV that can determine the aggressiveness of the clinical presentation. ...
Carcinoma Larynx is very rare in children and adolescents. Only few cases of childhood and adoloscent Carcinoma Larynx has reported worldwide. Exact cause of childhood and adoloscent Carcinoma Larynx is not known but few risk factors have been detected. Childhood and adolescent carcinoma Larynx is diagnosed delayed and its outcome is usually fatal. Earlier suspicion, accurate diagnosis and prompt intervention are essentially recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v19i2.17636 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 19(2): 124-129
... Se han comunicado aproximadamente 72 casos en la bibliografía mundial. [1][2][3] En la infancia, el 60% de los casos corresponde a varones, mientras que en adultos la proporción asciende al 80%. 1,3 El sitio más común de localización es la glotis. ...
... [1][2][3] En la infancia, el 60% de los casos corresponde a varones, mientras que en adultos la proporción asciende al 80%. 1,3 El sitio más común de localización es la glotis. 1,2 La etiología del carcinoma escamoso es desconocida. ...
... 4 En jóvenes, se lo relaciona con la presencia de papilomas, hayan sido irradiados o no. 1 También se lo asocia con la infección con el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) y con alteraciones cromosómicas específicas (translocación 15;19). 2,3,5,6 El carcinoma escamoso no suele ser considerado en el diagnóstico diferencial de disfonía o tos persistente en la niñez, lo cual puede llevar a una demora en el diagnóstico. Ante la persistencia o progresión de los síntomas, es indispensable la evaluación endoscópica y la biopsia de las lesiones sospechosas. ...
Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is very rare in children and adolescents. It is usually diagnosed at late stages because early symptoms are often attributed to the maturation process or other common laryngeal pediatric diseases. Early visualization of vocal cords with fexible laryngoscopy is important in children presenting suggestive symptoms of laryngeal pathology. Defnitive diagnosis of carcinoma is made by biopsy, and juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis the most important differential diagnosis. Treatment constitutes a clinical challenge. There are no established protocols, and clinicians should make a special effort to preserve the functions of the larynx, and avoid long term complications. We present a 12-years-old child with invasive laryngeal carcinoma, without prior history of juvenile papillomatosis or radiotherapy, which responded favorably to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
