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Cholecystectomy is one of the most common types of surgical operations and includes many pathologies ranging from the most common cholecysistitis to randomly detected dysplasia and cancer. In this study, it is aimed to obtain a general regional incidence by documenting gallbladder pathology data in Usak province and to contribute to literature in t...
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Context 1
... bladder stones were present in 13 (44.8%) of 29 gallbladder with intestinal metaplasia, 41 (45%) of 91 cases with pyloric metaplasia and 15 (50%) of 30 cases with intestinal + pyloric metaplasia. When the surface epithelium was examined, low grade dysplasia was detected in 57 patients (3.3%) ( Figure 3) and high grade dysplasia was detected in 9 patients (0.52%) (Figure 4). Metaplasia adjacent to or accompanied by dysplastic epithelium was detected in 35 (53%) of 66 cases with dysplasia. ...
Citations
... Pyloric gland metaplasia, resembling gastric pylorictype glands, is the most prevalent, while intestinal metaplasia, characterized by the presence of goblet cells without a clear brush border, hence termed as 'incomplete' metaplasia, is less frequently encountered in gallbladder specimens. Notably, this form of metaplasia is believed to have a closer association with gallbladder carcinogenesis [5,6]. ...
... The development of both pyloric gland metaplasia and intestinal metaplasia is attributed to prolonged inf lammation and the presence of gallstones [5]. However, in our case, apocrine and clear metaplasia occur during acute inf lammation alongside gallstones. ...
Apocrine metaplasia, specifically, involves the development of cells resembling those in apocrine glands, characterized by their distinctive cytoplasmic features. Apocrine metaplasia in the gallbladder represents a new and intriguing discovery, marking a significant milestone in medical literature. Furthermore, clear cell metaplasia is often observed in other organs like the cervix and has never been documented in the gallbladder. The coexistence of apocrine and clear metaplasia challenges existing paradigms surrounding gallbladder pathology, prompting a reevaluation of the underlying mechanisms that drive these cellular transformations.
... Risk factors of gallbladder diseases include female gender, obesity, pregnancy, being in mid-forties, dramatic and fast weight loss, familial disposition. Other factors include estrogen hormone causing stone formation, increasing the bile cholesterol, and chronic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM), the contractility will decrease due to the neuropathic effect that might develop because of the disease and the stone formation will increase (1,9). Both of the present cases were female patients and stone formation was detected only in the first case. ...
Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is the development of a swollen gallbladder caused by the accumulating of semi-solid immobile mucoid material in the gallbladder fundus for functional or mechanical reasons. This is alsocalled gallbladder hydrops. Its incidence is about 3%. Decreased bile flow, decreased gallbladder movement, andaltered water absorption in the gallbladder lumen cause biliary sludge and thus predispose to the development ofmucocele. The first case was a 26-year-old female patient who presented to the clinic with complaints of nausea,vomiting, flatulence, indigestion and pain in the epigastric region and the right-upper quadrant. On abdominalUSG, it was determined that the gallbladder wall was normal and there were stones and sludge with a diameterof 14 mm in the gallbladder lumen. The second case was of a 34-year-old female patient who applied to the clinicwith complaints of stomach pain and nausea. The patient was taken to the operation without performing USG inthe second case. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in both cases, and histopathological examinationrevealed mucoid material in the lumen, flattened epithelium, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the focal areas.The diagnosis of ‘Gallbladder Mucocele’ was given to the patients accompanied by these findings. In this article,is discussed the clinicopathological results of two cases diagnosed with gallbladder mucocele together with theliterature.
... The etiology includes genetic, geographic, and environmental factors and demographic characteristics such as age, sex, parity, and obesity, and endemic liver infections, chronic cholecystitis, and cholelithiasis. It was also reported that chronic inflammation, biliary obstruction, and disrupted biliary flow played a role in carcinogenesis (20,28) . The known molecular indicators in biliary malignancies include various mutations in oncogenes and tumor-suppressing genes. ...
... H. pylori were detected in 58% (n=52) of the participants. In a study by Kucuk et al. (28) , the mean age of patients with gallbladder cancer was 66 years, and of the 1712 patients in the study, 1252 (73.1%) were female and 460 (26.9%) were male. In their study, Lazcano-Ponce et al. (42) reported that the age of patients with gallbladder cancer was generally higher than 65 years. ...
Objective: By examining the presence of H. pylori in the mucosa of cholecystectomy materials, the present study aimed to reveal the relationship between H. pylori and gallbladder pathologies. Methods: Slides of 213 cholecystectomy specimens were reexamined retrospectively. Prognostic factors such as the histologic grade and pathologic state of adenocarcinoma cases were recorded. Reexamining the dysplasia, metaplasia, cholelithiasis, and other lesions using an Olympus CX41 light microscope. Pathologic grading of tumors was performed according to the criteria specified by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). The paraffin-embedded tissues of 213 cases were analyzed for the presence of H. pylori using Giemsa staining. Results: H. pylori infection was found to have a statistically significant relationship with dysplasia, grade, macroscopic growth, and lymphovascular invasion (p<0.05). The mean age of the adenocarcinoma group was statistically significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.01). The mean age of the no-dysplasia group was statistically significantly lower when compared with the group with high-grade dysplasia (p<0.01). Conclusion: According to the present study, especially in older female patients, the presence of H. pylori infection affects dysplasia, nuclear grade, macroscopic growth pattern, and lymphovascular invasion in gallbladder cancer. For this reason, the authors believe that close follow-up for older female patients, who are positive for H. pylori infection, in terms of high-grade dysplasia and gallbladder adenocarcinoma would contribute to the survival of this patient group.
... Gallbladder pathologies are seen in the fifth-sixth decades. 1,2 Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is relatively rarely seen and causes increased morbidity and mortality throughout the world. [3][4][5][6][7] The rate is approximately 2.5/100000. ...
Background
Involving pre-sampled patients with cholecystitis, dysplasia, and adenocarcinoma, the present study aimed to compare the neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) ratios, and plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) values and to determine their prognostic importance.
Methods
The present study involved 187 cholecystectomy specimens that were diagnosed as cholecystitis, dysplasia, and adenocarcinoma. Preoperative neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, NLR, MLR, and PLR ratios, and PCT, MPV, and PDW levels of the same patient groups were retrospectively recorded.
Results
In the present study, the cut-off values for dysplasia of NLR, PLR, and MLR were found as 1.61, 81.45, and .19, whereas those for cancer of NLR, PLR, and MLR were 2.65, 182.69, and .35, respectively. The NLR, PLR, and MLR values of the chronic cholecystitis and chronic calculous cholecystitis groups were statistically significantly lower than those of the chronic active calculous cholecystitis group ( P < .01). The NLR and MLR values of the non-cancer and non-dysplasia groups were statistically lower than those of the cancer and dysplasia groups ( P < .05).
Conclusion
According to the results of the present study, using additional imaging methods, acute-phase cholecystitis can be distinguished using preoperative neutrophil and monocyte counts, and NLR, PLR, and MLR cut-off values can be used to distinguish dysplasia, which is the antecedent of gallbladder cancer. It is thought that this might provide patients with an advantage in terms of early treatment and survival.
