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Food safety is a major concern for the Chinese public. This study collected 465 published papers on heavy metal pollution rates (the ratio of the samples exceeding the Grade II limits for Chinese soils, the Soil Environmental Quality Standard-1995) in farmland soil throughout China. The results showed that Cd had the highest pollution rate of 7.75%...
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Citations
... Due to industrial development and human activities, soil cadmium (Cd) pollution has become increasingly severe (reaching almost 7.75% on Chinese farmland) [1]. As the awareness of food safety grows, preventing the accumulation of Cd in cereal crops and its transmission through the food chain has become an urgent issue [2]. ...
Excessive cadmium (Cd) in rice is a global environmental problem. Therefore, reducing Cd content in rice is of great significance for ensuring food security and human health. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of foliar application of citric acid (CA) on Cd absorption and transportation in rice under high Cd-contaminated soils (2.04 mg·kg−1). This study revealed that there was a negative correlation between Cd content in vegetative organs and CA content, and that foliar spraying of CA (1 mM and 5 mM) significantly increased CA content and reduced Cd content in vegetative organs. The Cd reduction effect of 5 mM CA was better than that of 1 mM, and 5 mM CA reduced Cd content in grains and spikes by 52% and 37%, respectively. CA significantly increased Mn content in vegetative organs and increased Ca/Mn ratios in spikes, flag leaves, and roots. CA significantly reduced soluble Cd content in vegetative organs and promoted the transformation of Cd into insoluble Cd, thus inhibiting the transport of Cd from vegetative organs to grains. The foliar field application of 1 mM and 5 mM CA could inhibit Cd absorption and transportation by reducing Cd bioactivity and increasing the antagonistic of essential elements in rice vegetative organs. These results provide technical support and a theoretical basis for solving the problem of excessive Cd in rice.
... The Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) issued the Soil Environmental Quality Standard in 1995, after conducting numerous experiments and soil assessments [11] . Soil is the basic environmental elements that constituting of ecosystem, and the important material basis of human being surviving and developing [15] . ...
... Soil is not only the primary habitat for many land organisms, including human cultures, but it also provides a unique environment for the survival of all species; particularly plants. Soil is an essential source for metals in vegetables and crops from the plants roots can absorb these pollutants from soil, and transfer them to seeds [11,[49][50][51] . According to data presented at a high-level Chinese food safety symposium in 2009, 1/6 of farmed land was contaminated by heavy metals; covering an area of more than 20 million hectares.European governments have made significant investments to remediate polluted soils [15] . ...
The present review studydiscussedon bioremediation methods and
discovered the several biotechnological approaches for remediation that have
gained a lot of interest in recent years. Globally, bioremediation is in
progress of contaminated soil has advanced during the last 40 years.
Bioremediation is a process where living organisms degrade environmental
pollutants or to prevent contamination through waste treatment. The
bioremediation technology of oil is cantered on bacterial usage (about two
thirds of the articles and patents); being fungi a technology with critical mass
and high growth potential. In generally Bioremediation technologies are in
situ or ex situ. Bioremediation, involving that eco-friendly approach, has
emerged as the most advantageous soil and water cleanup technique. This
review focuses on these technologies how to impact with environment. Some
examples of bioremediations are landfarming, bio-venting, bioreactor,
compositing, bio-augmentation, rhizo-filtration, and bio-stimulation. Pump-
and-Treat Systems (PTS) and Funnel-and-Gate Systems (FGS) groundwater
treatment technologies attempt to reduce locally apparent contaminations.
This study explains what bioremediation is, its principles, factors, types,
genetic engineering approaches, monitoring bioremediation, applications,
and its advantages or disadvantages.
... The Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) issued the Soil Environmental Quality Standard in 1995, after conducting numerous experiments and soil assessments [11] . Soil is the basic environmental elements that constituting of ecosystem, and the important material basis of human being surviving and developing [15] . ...
... Soil is not only the primary habitat for many land organisms, including human cultures, but it also provides a unique environment for the survival of all species; particularly plants. Soil is an essential source for metals in vegetables and crops from the plants roots can absorb these pollutants from soil, and transfer them to seeds [11,[49][50][51] . According to data presented at a high-level Chinese food safety symposium in 2009, 1/6 of farmed land was contaminated by heavy metals; covering an area of more than 20 million hectares.European governments have made significant investments to remediate polluted soils [15] . ...
The present review study discussedon bioremediation methods and discovered the several biotechnological approaches for remediation that have gained a lot of interest in recent years. Globally, bioremediation is in progress of contaminated soil has advanced during the last 40 years. Bioremediation is a process where living organisms degrade environmental pollutants or to prevent contamination through waste treatment. The bioremediation technology of oil is cantered on bacterial usage (about two thirds of the articles and patents); being fungi a technology with critical mass and high growth potential. In generally Bioremediation technologies are in situ or ex situ. Bioremediation, involving that eco-friendly approach, has emerged as the most advantageous soil and water cleanup technique. This review focuses on these technologies how to impact with environment. Some examples of bioremediations are landfarming, bio-venting, bioreactor, compositing, bio-augmentation, rhizo-filtration, and bio-stimulation. Pump-and-Treat Systems (PTS) and Funnel-and-Gate Systems (FGS) groundwater treatment technologies attempt to reduce locally apparent contaminations. This study explains what bioremediation is, its principles, factors, types, genetic engineering approaches, monitoring bioremediation, applications, and its advantages or disadvantages.
... A diverse range of anthropogenic sources contributes to the abundance of inorganic substances in the environment (Masindi and Muedi, 2018). Anthropogenic activities, mainly releasing industrial waste from mining, have been recognized as the leading cause of HM contamination in China (He et al., 2023a(He et al., ,2023bZhang et al., 2015). Significant contamination issues in this region can be attributed to the interconnection of community development and the extensive utilization of chemicals . ...
Throughout the literature, the word "heavy metal" (HM) has been utilized to describe soil contamination; in this context, we characterize it as those elements with a density greater than 5 g per cubic centimeter. Contamination is one of the major global health concerns, especially in China. China's rapid urbanization over the past decades has caused widespread urban water, air, and soil degradation. This study provides a complete assessment of the soil contamination caused by heavy metals in China's mining and smelting regions. The study of heavy metals (HMs) includes an examination of their potential adverse impacts, their origins, and strategies for the remedi-ation of soil contaminated by heavy metals. The presence of heavy metals in soil can be linked to both natural and anthropogenic processes. Studies have demonstrated that soils contaminated with heavy metals present potential health risks to individuals. Children are more vulnerable to the effects of heavy metal pollution than adults. The results highlight the significance of heavy metal pollution caused by mining and smelting operations in China. Soil contaminated with heavy metals poses significant health concerns, both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic, particularly to children and individuals living in heavily polluted mining and smelting areas. Implementing physical, chemical, and biological remediation techniques is the most productive approach for addressing heavy metal-contaminated soil. Among these methods, phytoremediation has emerged as a particularly advantageous option due to its cost-effectiveness and environmentally favorable characteristics. Monitoring heavy metals in soils is of utmost importance to facilitate the implementation of improved management and remediation techniques for contaminated soils.
... The environment pollution increasingly become a prominent globe problem with the development of industry and human activity. It harbors water pollution [9], soil pollution [10], air pollution [11], etc. There were 44% domestic waste water without meeting the national safety standards to discharge in production and solve of domestic wastewater in 128 countries and regions (cover 80% globe population) [12]. ...
The objective of this study is to explore the correlation of metal levels with assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. The individuals were recruited who met the research criteria, only tubal factor or male infertility served as the control group (n = 40) and patient group was PCOS patients (n = 35). Individuals (n = 75) were divided into PCOS group (n = 35) and control group (n = 40). The normal body mass index (BMI) group (control) includes women with BMI < 25 kg/m² in PCOS group (n = 24) and control group (n = 33), and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² in PCOS group (n = 11) and control group (n = 7). We performed an analysis of insulin resistance (IR) (n = 15) group and without insulin resistance (NIR) group (n = 20) in PCOS patient and control patients. Comparing difference demographic data, ART outcomes and the metal levels in every group respectively, the correlation of metal levels and ART outcomes in control participants and PCOS patients were analyzed by the Spearman correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression model was used to examine the association between the concentration of 19 metals and ART outcomes in PCOS group and control group. Plasma manganese (Mn), titanium (Ti), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), calcium (Ca)/Mg ratio, and Cu/zinc (Zn) ratio levels in PCOS patients were higher than that in control, while Zn and Ca levels were lower in PCOS patients than that in control. The Mg levels had a positive connection with the number of eggs recovered, and the iron (Fe) levels were positively associated with the number of transplanted embryos in PCOS-IR. In PCOS-NIR, Mn levels positively correlated with the number of follicles and the number of good embryos. Silver (Ag) levels were negatively correlated with the number of follicles, and aluminum (Al) levels were negatively related with the normal fertilization and the number of good embryos. The Spearman analysis in PCOS-BMI ≥ 25 group exhibited that nickel (Ni) levels were negatively associated with the number of follicles. The plasma metal levels seem to affect the clinical manifestations and in vitro fertilization outcomes in assisted reproduction.
... 40,41 Currently, about 10.18% of China's farmland is contaminated with heavy metals, damaging 13.86% of food production, and long-term intake of food containing heavy metal contamination can cause serious health hazards. 42 As for pesticide and veterinary drug residues in food, China has developed GB 2763-202 and GB 31650-2019, which cover 564 pesticides and 267 veterinary drugs, including 428 kinds of registered pesticides and 49 kinds of prohibited pesticides. The standard also sets MRLs for 104 veterinary medicinal products (classes) used in animal feed and lists 154 veterinary medicinal products that may be used to treat animal diseases but for which no MRL is required. ...
This paper discusses the framework of China's food safety standards and provides a brief overview of the problems and developmental characteristics of food safety in China. The composition and characteristics of China's food safety standards are revealed by an analysis of the changes in China's general food standards, an overview of the characteristics of the hygiene requirements in the production and operation process, and an introduction to food product and test method standards. In conclusion, Chinese food safety standards are still being improved, but they must also be effectively implemented and followed up in real time in order to continuously improve the quality of food and reduce food safety incidents. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
... As an important grain-producing and livestock breeding area, the agricultural land and crop safety in the black soil region in Northeast China are key issues requiring attention [1,58]. Soil and crop safety in the surrounding agricultural lands have been seriously threatened historically, from low early-stage environmental management levels to the disorderly pollutant discharge from enterprises belonging to various industries across the country, including Northeast China [9,59,60]. To explore the potential risks of the agricultural land affected by industrial and mining enterprises in the black soil region in Northeast China, a spatial overlay analysis was performed to obtain the agricultural land distribution in the black soil region with areas potentially polluted by polluting enterprises (Figure 5), and this was conducted according to the method and procedures mentioned in Section 2.7. ...
The black soil region in Northeast China serves as a ballast for food security. However, the presence of scattered polluting enterprises poses a threat to the safety of the surrounding soil and agricultural products. In this study, the distribution patterns and agglomeration features of key industrial enterprises in Northeast China were elucidated through multi-source geographical big data and geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis. Subsequently, the risk areas were extracted based on their potential impact on the soil environmental quality of the surrounding agricultural lands. The results revealed that pollution-related enterprises were widely distributed but locally clustered in the black soil area. The dominant industries were chemical manufacturing, petroleum processing, coking, and non-ferrous metal mining. The study found that the agricultural land area affected by polluting enterprises was 43,396.13 km2, with the majority being at a low-risk level (83.42%). High-risk areas (1646.62 km2) were mostly aggregated west of Hulunbuir, east of Xilingol, and in most of Chifeng. These areas were primarily affected by the non-ferrous metal mining industry. Other high-risk hotspots were mainly influenced by the chemical manufacturing and metal processing industries. The emissions from industrial and mining enterprises are important heavy metals in the agricultural lands in this region. However, it is important to note that there are other sources of pollution as well. These results may contribute to future investigations on soil environmental quality and pollution source control in the black soil region in Northeast China.
... Soil nutrients are an essential attribute that affects soil fertility, which is crucial to maintaining the balance of the agroecological chemical cycle (Ma et al. 2018;Wang et al. 2018). Due to its persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity, heavy metal pollution has garnered considerable attention, and it is also one of the hotspots of agricultural environmental research Zhang et al. 2015). Therefore, it is necessary to combine fertility and heavy metals to assess agricultural soil quality comprehensively. ...
With the continuous advancement of modern agriculture and urbanization, soil quality assessment has been considered an important guarantee for sustainable agricultural development. Despite the availability of numerous methods for assessing soil quality, little emphasis has been paid to comprehensive studies on soil quality in greenhouse agriculture. This study aims to construct a comprehensive evaluation model of greenhouse agricultural soil quality, including soil nutrition and heavy metal pollution, to better assess greenhouse soil quality.
In this study, the concentrations of eight heavy metals, five soil nutrients, and nine soil-available microelements in 300 greenhouses were measured. Genetic algorithm–backpropagation (GA-BP) neural networks and backpropagation (BP) neural networks were used to construct a comprehensive soil quality evaluation model, and the soil quality of the greenhouse in the study area was evaluated based on soil nutrients and heavy metal pollution.
The results showed that the prediction accuracy of both models exceeded 85%. However, constructed utilizing the genetic algorithm–backpropagation (GA-BP), the evaluation model can be more effective in assessing soil quality, with an accuracy of 96.1%. In this study, the soil quality was categorized into eight levels: IA, IB, IC, IIA, IIB, IIC, IIIA, and IIIB. 80.6% of the samples were IIA and IIB, suggesting that the soil quality of greenhouse planting sheds in this research area was poor, with severe heavy metal pollution, although soil nutrients were relatively sufficient.
This study holds significance for assessing soil quality in greenhouse agriculture and improving agricultural scientific management.
... Lu et al [12] evaluated that Cd concentrations in geoponic soils in China have been rising at an medial speed of 0.004 mg/kg/ year. Zhang et al. [13] gathered 465 published articles on the rate of heavy metal pollution in China's cropland and studied the effect of heavy metal contamination on soil food security. ...
In this study, modified activated carbon fibers and phytic acid doped polyaniline/activated carbon fiber composites were successfully prepared by modifying activated carbon fibers and compounding polyaniline. The electrokinetic adsorption combined remediation technology was used to study the remediation of cadmium contaminated soil. The results showed that when the electric field intensity was 2 V·cm − 1 and the repair time was 120 hours, 0.1 mol·L − 1 citric acid solution was circularly added to the cathode using electrolyte. The current during the repair process showed periodic fluctuations with the extension of the repair time. The current of adding P-PANI/ACF adsorbent near the cathode region was larger than that of other groups, and cadmium has a higher removal rate.The mean removal rate of Cd (Ⅱ) in soil with a content of 60 mg·kg − 1 reached 76.94%.
... The difference in gra in Zn concentration across rice cultivars was 7.6 times (Li, Cao, Ma, Su, & Li, 2019). This result was consistent with Zhang, Zhong, Liu, and Ouyang (2015) observation's that roots of rice treated with 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg Zn had Zn levels that were 2.5, 2.7, and 3.9 times greater, respectively, plants subjected to Zn2+. ...
Ecosystem contamination with heavy metals lead to the bioaccumulation of these elements in crops. Rice, a significant component of the human diet, can bioaccumulate heavy metals and is of public health concerns. Therefore, the current research aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of the heavy metal zinc in several rice varieties from three rivers in Pakistan's Malakand Division. The Highest Zn concentration of 91.58± 6.25 mg kg−1 dry weight was observed in rice roots of China Basmati variety grown across River Swat, while the highest Zn concentration of 60.06 ± 4.41 mg kg−1 dry weight was observed in the stem of Mota Chawal on River Kabul. In a site-wise comparison of both River Swat and Kabul, the Zn concentrations in the stem of Sara Sela rice on River Panjkora were 55.5±4.37, showing significant differences among different sites on the rivers. Similarly, comparing metal concentrations in different rice varieties generally did not show significant differences between the varieties. Zn concentrations in rice were higher in the Swat River than in the rest in all cases. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values for Zn were in the order of soil > roots > stem > leaves > grains for River Swat and Kabul. In contrast, for River Panjkora Zn concentration, the order was soil > stem > root > grains> leaves, respectively. Zn absorption by rice in the form of ions or particles generally affects plant phenotypic, physiological, and molecular development; hence, it must be considered in present varieties for the future.
