Haematoxylin-eosin staining of sternal bone in each group at 2 weeks postoperatively. Scale bar = 100 lm. BM: bone marrow; CCT: calcified cartilaginous tissue; DCT: dense connective tissue; FBs: fibroblast-like cells; FCT: fibrous connective tissue; FS: fibrotic scarring; HC: hyaline cartilage; ICs: inflammatory cells; RP: residual polymer; TB: trabecular bone; WB: woven bone.

Haematoxylin-eosin staining of sternal bone in each group at 2 weeks postoperatively. Scale bar = 100 lm. BM: bone marrow; CCT: calcified cartilaginous tissue; DCT: dense connective tissue; FBs: fibroblast-like cells; FCT: fibrous connective tissue; FS: fibrotic scarring; HC: hyaline cartilage; ICs: inflammatory cells; RP: residual polymer; TB: trabecular bone; WB: woven bone.

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Objectives: The use of bone wax (BW) is controversial for sternal haemostasis because it increases the risk of wound infection and inhibits bone healing. We developed new waxy bone haemostatic agents made from biodegradable polymers containing peptides and evaluated them using rabbit models. Methods: We designed 2 types of waxy bone haemostatic...

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... of histological analysis of the sternum are shown in Fig. 3. The injured area in the sham group had a bone structure similar to the normal sternum, with the presence of bone marrow and trabecular bone. On the other hand, the medullary cavity in the BW group exhibited residual BW, fibrosis and many inflammatory cells, including lymphocytes and macrophages. In addition, the cortical bone was ...

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