Table 4 - uploaded by Claire Hilton
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HIV and AIDS infections probably acquired through sexual intercourse between men by age group at diagnosis, United Kingdom (Public Health Laboratory Service AIDS Centre, 1997)
Source publication
While the incidence of general paralysis of the insane (GPI) has declined, AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) has emerged as a new illness. Today, in England and Wales, as many elderly people die from AIDS as from neurosyphilis, although both diagnoses are rare in this age group. Both are serious medical conditions with psychiatric manifest...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... risk from blood products in developed countries is now extremely rare. Recent data suggest an increase in the incidence of HIV and AIDS in older adults (Table 3), in particular through sexual intercourse between men (Table 4). (Mortality Statistics, 1977 Current numbers for male/female sexually trans- mitted HIV are too small to show clear trends among older adults. ...
Citations
... The incidence of syphilis has decreased significantly in the postpenicillin era. However, there has been a worldwide resurgence of neurosyphilis since the advent of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic [1][2][3]. Reports from the United States pointed out that the number of patients with neurosyphilis as well as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was now increasing [4]. Invasion of the central nervous system by the organism can occur at any stage of syphilitic infection, and occurs in about 5-10% of untreated patients [5]. ...
... MR images showed that three patients had multiple cerebral infarctions involving lobe of brain, corona radiata, brain stem, basal ganglia/thalamus, cerebellum, corpus callosum and cingulate gyrus (Figs. [3][4][5]. One patient had lesions in the basal ganglia and thalamus. ...
The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate neuroimaging findings of patients with neurosyphilis.
The neuroimaging studies of 14 patients with documented neurosyphilis were reviewed. Diagnosis was established in 14 patients with cerebrospinal fluid for a Treponema Pallidum Particle Agglutination (TPPA) test. All patients had reactive TPPA and Unheated Serum Regain test (USR) in their sera. Imaging studies included plain, contrast-enhanced CT of the brain, plain and gadolinium-enhanced MR, and MR angiography.
In the 14 HIV-negative patients with neurosyphilis, CT and MR showed the presence of cerebral infarction in six cases, arteritis in four cases, nonspecific white matter lesion in three cases, acute syphilitic meningitis in one case and normal neuroimaging finding in one case. In addition, 4 in 14 patients had general paresis, and MRI showed high signal intensity on T2 -weighted images involving frontotemporal lobes, hippocampus and periventricular area. Treatment with penicillin significantly diminished the size of these high signal intensity on T2-weighted images with general paresis.
These results suggest that MR and CT images have some characteristic manifestations in patients of neurosyphilis. Because early diagnosis and treatment of neurosyphilis are crucial to avoid persistent brain damage, the neuroimaging findings are valuable adjunct to clinical diagnosis and to provide useful information to follow-up after therapy.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Liaison psychiatry, the recognition and management of psychiatric problems in the general medical setting, is an essential component of many doctors' work. Depression, anxiety and somatization disorders occur in about 50% of cases presented to primary care physicians. The Handbook of Liaison Psychiatry was first published in 2007 and is a comprehensive reference book for this fast-growing subspecialty. A team of experts in the field cover the full range of issues, from establishing a service and outlining the commonest problems encountered in general hospitals and primary care, to assessment and treatment guidelines, working with specific units within the hospital setting, disaster planning and legal-ethical considerations. It will be essential reading for doctors and other professionals concerned with the psychological health of patients in acute general hospitals and in primary care.
Dementia is a group of cognitive functional disorders with staggering worldwide morbidity and mortality. Recognition of the differences between types of dementia is important for clinical diagnosis and effective treatment. This study compared and analyzed differences in cognitive functions and mental behaviors of patients with three types of dementia: general paresis of the insane (GPI), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The study cohort of 90 subjects included 30 subjects each in AD, GPI, and FTD groups. Clinical data of gender, age, duration of disease, education, family history of dementia, diagnosis of diabetes, diagnosis of hypertension, diagnosis of coronary heart disease, smoking habits, drinking habits, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score, neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) score, and clinical dementia rating of patients were observed and compared. MMSE scores were significantly higher in the GPI group than AD or FTD groups. MoCA scores were significantly higher in the AD group than the FTD group. NPI scores were significantly higher in the FTD group than GPI or AD groups. Age, family history of dementia, and incidence of hypertension were significantly higher in AD and FTD groups than the GPI group. MMSE, MoCA, and NPI scores were significantly correlated with degree of dementia. In addition, degree of dementia was significantly correlated with age (OR = 1.845), family history of dementia (OR = 1.613), MMSE score (OR = 0.752), MoCA score (OR = 0.536), and NPI score (OR = 2.055). In brief, AD, FTD, and GPI patients display characteristic damage to cognitive function and mental behavior, and that damage correlates with the condition of disease. These characteristics can help effectively diagnose and classify types of dementia to improve patient prognosis. Clinicians should acknowledge such characteristic changes to ensure accurate diagnosis and allow early intervention for dementia patients.
