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H. capitata grows wildly in the jungle-rubber agroforest at Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi Province
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Hyptis capitata Jacq. (common name: Knobweed or False Ironwort) belongs to Lamiaceae family and is among known traditional medicine. The Anak Dalam Tribe of Jambi Province uses the leaves of H. capitata to cure external and internal wounds. This study was aimed at identifying and analyzing secretory structure, histochemistry and phytochemical conte...
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... capitata an erect herbaceous plant, is native to Central and tropical South America. The plant is usually abundantly found in open fields and roadsides. In Indonesia, particularly in Jambi Province H. capitata , the leaves of ( Fig. 1) are used by the tribe as herbal medicine to Anak Dalam cure external and internal ...
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... This plant originates from tropical America and is introduced, found in many areas of Indonesia and is known for its weak soft stems and usually unbranched, produces a large white sap and is densely packed with terminal clusters of large and long-stemmed leaves, grows quickly and can grow 2-10 m high. Traditionally the leaves have been used for the treatment of malaria, dengue fever, wounds and inflammation [3][4][5][6]. ...
... Reaction in Dragendoff's test. To confirm the positive results obtained for the alkaloids, Mayer, Wagner and Dragendoff assays were performed on the CHCl3 fraction and the aqueous fraction of the sample [6,11,13] Positive results for alkaloids in Dragendoff's test were also indicated by the formation of light brown to yellow sediments on the addition of Dragendoff's reagent, namely potassium alkaloids. Bismuth nitrate is dissolved in HCl so that no hydrolysis reaction occurs so that the equilibrium shifts to the left. ...
The leaves of papaya plants (Carica papaya), belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi), and seurapoh (Chromolaena odorata) have been traditional medicine such as wound healing. In this research, papaya, belimbing wuluh, and seurapoh leaves were identified and analyzed for the metabolite contents from the geothermal area. Seulimum is a geothermal area with geographical position 5˚285̍ 1̎ North Latitude and 95˚43̍53̎ East Longitude and altitude 1800 meters above sea level, minimum air temperature 19-21˚C, and maximum 25-30˚C, and Rainfall ranges from 2000-2500 mm per year. This analysis aims to determine the phytochemical compounds contained in C. papaya leaves. The maceration methods have been used in phytochemical screening studies. The results showed from qualitative techniques. In this study, phytochemical screening on 3 plants, namely Carica papaya, Chromolaena odorata, and Averrhoa bilimbi. Qualitative analysis of papaya leaf extract showed a positive reaction for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, steroids, and tannins. Seurapoh leaf extract showed a positive reaction to Mayer, Wagner, and Dragendorff. Positive results on tannins, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and saponins. While star fruit extracts only negative tannins. The Liebermann-Burchard test showed a positive result. These results can be used as the basis for selecting plants from geothermal areas as candidates for wound healing.
... 18 In many places, it is considered as a medicinal plant. 19 The leaves are used to cure black diarrhoea, heart palpitations, stomach ache and many infections. Certain parts of the plant are also used for the treatment of cough, gas pain and amenorrhoea. ...
... The leaves of Hyptis capitata are rich in a variety of phytochemicals including alkaloids, coumarins, avonoids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, quinones, terpenoids, steroids, iridoids and saponins. [18][19][20] These phytochemicals can be extracted successfully by using suitable polar solvents. The total concentration of phenols and avonoids in the aqueous leaf extract of Hyptis capitata is found to be 552 mg g À1 and 0.661 mg g À1 , respectively. ...
... The total concentration of phenols and avonoids in the aqueous leaf extract of Hyptis capitata is found to be 552 mg g À1 and 0.661 mg g À1 , respectively. 19 Combining histochemical investigations with phytochemistry pointed out the existence of certain secretory structures in various parts of the plant. 19 The catalytic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Hyptis capitata arise from the unique properties of these phytochemicals. ...
Indigenous chemical compounds found in plants such as phenolics, alkaloids, carotenoids, xanthophylls and terpenoids are used by chemists for a variety of synthetic applications. Sustainable chemistry or green chemistry, one of the recently emerged fields of science, paved the way for such chemical compounds to act as reducing and capping agents for the syntheses of numerous metal nanoparticles. In this research paper, we suggest a green protocol for the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf, fruit and stem extracts of Hyptis capitata, one of the commonly found plants in the tropics. The entire shoot system of this plant is used for the synthesis of AgNPs. Using microwave irradiation, AgNPs are effectively synthesized separately with leaf, fruit and stem extracts as reducing agents and the efficacy is compared. The reaction conditions such as temperature, the amount of plant extract, and the concentration of silver nitrate, one of the precursors, are optimized to establish the most efficient methodology for the synthesis. Also, the catalytic effectiveness of such nanoparticles in removing organic dyes from aqueous systems is demonstrated. Analytical methods such as UV-visible spectroscopy, HR-TEM, EDX, SAED, XRD, DLS, measurement of zeta potential, and FT-IR analysis are used to characterize the crystalline character, chemical nature and morphology of the synthesized AgNPs. The observations confirm that the entire shoot system of Hyptis capitata is a potential biomaterial for the green synthesis of AgNPs, which can be used for the removal of dyes from aqueous systems.
... Trikoma kelenjar merupakan bagian yang unik karena kemampuannya dalam menyintesis dan mensekresikan sekret dalam jumlah yang besar, jika dilihat dari ukurannya yang kecil, dan menghasilkan sejumlah senyawa khusus seperti terpena, fenilpropanoid, flavonoid, metil keton, dan gula asil (Huchelmann et al. 2017). Struktur sekretori trikoma pada beberapa spesies tumbuhan obat menunjukkan adanya senyawa yang berbeda (Rupa et al. 2017). ...
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease caused by lacking of insulin production or by the inability of cells to respond to insulin (insulin resistance). According to the International Diabetes Federation, diabetes cases in the world reach 425 millions and are predicted to increase to 625 millions by 2045. The trend of increasing cases and death rates due to diabetes needs a special attention, especially in the pattern of it’s treatment. Diabetes treatment using natural ingredients is one of the most researched fields in the world because it is effective and safe. Curculigo latifolia Dryand. ex W.T. Aiton and Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. belonging to the family Hypoxidaceae, annual herbs with lanceolate-shaped leaves or parallel lanceolate arranged in a rosette, with yellow flowers, very short stems, and have a long cylindrical rhizome. A total of 39 species of this genus are accepted in the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP 2020), including these two species. Both species are known as traditional medicinal plants in various tropical regions. Rhizome of Curculigo spp. is one of the raw material sources for traditional medicine to treat DM; this pharmacological effect comes from secondary metabolites. Those compounds are distributed and accumulated in certain secretory structures within the plant. However, the activities of the active compounds in such diverse plant organs are very difficult to be determined in a short time, as well as its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics parameters. In addition, compounds produced under normal conditions in the nature are very low. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the distribution of secretory structures and the producing and/or accumulating sites of the bioactive compounds through histochemical tests, to determine which bioactive compounds contribute the most to diabetes mellitus, especially in antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibition, and to determine their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics parameters. In addition, this research was also carried out to produce callus and micropropagate the plants, as well as to ensure the existence of those bioactive compounds in in vitro cultured callus. Determination of secretory structure using cross sections of fresh samples according to plant anatomical procedures and histochemical analysis using several reagents were performed to detect groups of metabolites. Determination of bioactive compounds was done using an analysis combination on biological activities (antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibition) with metabolite fingerprint using FTIR and metabolite profiling with UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS-based metabolomic and chemometric techniques using partial least squares regression analysis (PLSR). Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics parameters were determined using Lipinski's rule of five, pharmacological networks using Cytoscape, and molecular docking with PyRx, PyMOL, and BIOVIA Discovery Studio. Callus production and micropropagation began with explant sterilization using environmental-friendly sterilants. Callus initiation and organogenesis were induced by various concentrations of auxins and cytokinin. Metabolomic analysis based on metabolite profiling using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and chemometric techniques using principal component analysis (PCA) were carried out to identify the compounds in the callus and plantlet’s leaves. The anatomical and histochemical analysis of fresh tissues showed that all organs contained secretory structures that accumulated various metabolites. The secretory structures identified in the roots, rhizomes, petiole, and leaves of these two species were secretory cavities and idioblasts. The group of compounds identified were phenols, alkaloids, terpenes, essential oils, and lipophilic. They were also spread over some common tissues of the organs. Based on metabolomic and chemometric analysis the main compounds contributing in antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities were notified from the phenol group, such as curculigoside B, orchioside B; 2,4-Dichloro-5-methoxy-3-methylphenol, orcinol glucoside; 1,1-Bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-furan)-methane; from the terpene group, such as: curculigosaponin G, H, and I; from the norlignan group, (1S,2R)-O-Methylnyacoside; and from the aldehyde group, 5-hydroxymethylfural, while the functional groups included O–H, C=O, C–O, C–H. These compounds were accumulated more abundantly in the leaves of C. latifolia (DLSP) from Sinjai-Palangka and C. orchioides (DOGM) from Gowa-Malakaji. Pharmacokinetic parameters showed that 33 out of the 79 compounds were able to be absorbed properly, while some compounds did not meet the requirements. The latter compounds must be converted into aglycones if they will be used as medicinal substances. The cynanuriculoside ligand A_qt based on pharmacological network analysis and molecular docking was able to interact pharmacodynamically with hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1) target via 6NJ7 receptor, resulting an affinity of –12.0 (kcal mol–1), with amino acid residues in the form of Ala 226, Leu 126, Val 180, Tyr 183, Leu 215, Ser 170, Ile 121, and Val 168. The sterilization of explants with the lowest concentrations of sterilizing agents and a short contact time with the explants produced 90% sterile cultures. The best combination of plant growth regulators (PGRs) for callus induction in C. latifolia and C. orchioides were BAP : IBA at 3 : 5 and 5 : 3 mg L–1, respectively. The callus were green and white, with a compact consistency. Those combinations of PGRs also regenerated shoots and roots in both species. The secretory structures found in the callus were secretory cavities and idioblast cells. In the callus of C. latifolia, phenol was identified in the organogenic parts and epithelium cells of the secretory cavities, and the essential oils were in idioblast cells; while C. orchioides’ callus contained phenol in the organogenic parts only. The compounds that had contribution in antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities, such as 1,1-Bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-furan)-methane, (1S,2R)-O-Methylnyacoside; 2,4-Dichloro-5-methoxy-3-methylphenol, curculigoside B, curculigosaponin G, H, and I; orchioside B, and orcinol glucoside were also identified in the callus and plantlet’s leaves. Most of them belong to the phenol group. The general conclusion of this study is that histochemical techniques revealed that there were differences in the accumulation sites of compounds among organs of Curculigo spp. Histochemically, phenolic compounds were identified in the rhizome, petiole, and leaves of C. latifolia, while in C. orchioides they were only identified in the rhizome. Phenolics were also found in the organogenic callus of these two species. From the metabolomic-chemometric analysis, compounds that contributed greatly to the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities were accumulated in the leaves of both species. From the pharmacological network and molecular docking approaches, cynanuriculoside A_qt, curculigosaponin L_qt, and curculigenin B were confirmed to have potential for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The compounds found in the plant’s organs of C. latifolia and C. orchioides that contribute greatly in antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities were also identified in the callus and plantlet’s leaves resulted from in vitro cultures. Some of which even demonstrated higher concentration (peak area) than those of the original plant organs.
... Hyptis capitata is native in neotropics (Pelser et al. 2011 onwards) and long naturalized in the tropics, throughout Malesia, and in Hainan, Micronesia, and the Solomons (Flora Malesiana 2020). H. capitata is often found in open fields and roadsides in Sumatra, Indonesia (Rupa et al. 2017). This plant became widespread as a weed and widely naturalized in tropical Asia like Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippine and other Pacific islands like Hawaii, Western Samoa, Solomon Islands, Palau, Guam, and French Polynesia (Queensland Government 2016). ...
... H. capitata leaves are culturally also relevant for the Agusan Manobo of Sibagat, Philippines, who use it to treat cuts and wounds Dapar et al. (2020b). Indonesia: The leaves of H. capitata are used to cure external and internal wounds by the Anak Dalam tribe of Jambi Province (Rupa et al. 2017). They crush or squeeze the leaves before application to external wounds, while leaf sap is consumed directly for internal injuries. ...
... Phytochemistry Santos et al. (1981) reported the chemical constituents of H. capitata as containing ursolic acid, 2-a-hydroxyursolic acids, and hyptatic acid. Investigation of leaves were carried out by Rupa et al. (2017) to identify and analyze secretory structure, histochemistry, and phytochemical contents. Several secretory structures in various forms on the upper and lower leaf surfaces contain phytochemicals such as alkaloids, terpenoids, and lipophilic compounds. ...
Synonyms Clinopodium capitatum (Jacq.) Sw.; Hyptis capitata var. mexicana Briq.; Hyptis capitata var. pilosa Briq.; Hyptis capitata var. vulgaris Briq.; Hyptis celebica Zipp. ex Koord.; Hyptis decurrens (Blanco) Epling; Hyptis macrochila Mart. ex Steud.; Hyptis mariannarum Briq.; Hyptis pittieri Briq.; Hyptis rhomboidea M.Martens & Galeotti; Mesosphaerum capitatum (Jacq.) Kuntze; Mesosphaerum pittieri Briq.; Mesosphaerum rhombodeum (M.Martens & Galeotti) Kuntze; Pycnanthemum decurrens Blanco; Thymus virginicus Blanco Local Names Botany and Ecology Description: Stout, erect annual herb, 0.5-2.5 m, not aromatic (Fig. 1). Stems pubescent, hairy, quadrangular, usually develop pairs of branches in axils. Leaves bright green, opposite, lanceolate or rhomboid-elliptic, 5-15 cm  1.5-6 cm, acute or acuminate, base cuneate and decurrent; margin irregularly serrate, glandular
... Given its role in the synthesis of vitamin E and K1 it is likely that this compound can act as an antimicrobial. Rupa et al. (2017) report that terpenoids compounds play roles in the healing process of wound or infection and antibacterial agents. ...
Awaludin, Kartina, Maulianawati D, Manalu W, Andriyanto, Septiana R, Arfandi A, Lalang Y. 2020. Short Communication: Phytochemical screening and toxicity of ethanol extract of Sauropus androgynus. Biodiversitas 21: 2966-2970. Katuk (Sauropus androgynus L.) (SAL) is a plant used to increase the production of breast milk for nursing mothers and lactating mammalian animals because this plant contains high sterols. Phytosterols are plant sterols known to play a role in the synthesis and secretion of progesterone and estradiol. Progesterone and estradiol are hormones that are involved in controlling the reproduction and mammary gland growth and development in mammalian animals. Estradiol also stimulates vitellogenin synthesis in oviparous animals such as avian and fish. The study was designed to determine the phytochemical contents and the level of toxicity of the SAL ethanol extract. The research was conducted in 4 phases i.e., (i) extraction of SAL samples using ethanol 70%, (ii) the analysis of phytochemical content of SAL extract using GCMS, (iii) toxicity test of SAL extract in giant tiger shrimp larvae, and (iv) data analysis. The results of GCMS analysis showed that the SAL extract was dominated by the fatty acid group (62.92%), phenol (15.3%), and terpenoids (4.03%). These compounds have roles in animal reproduction and production. The mortality data of giant tiger shrimp larvae were analyzed using probit analysis to determine the LC50 of ethanol extract of SAL. The results of toxicity test for 24 hours showed that the LC50 of the ethanol extract of SAL was 552.208 mg/L. The phytochemical analysis showed that SAL extract has dominant concentrations of fatty acid, phenol, and terpenoid that could be used to improve the reproduction and production of fish.
In this study, we investigate the antibacterial properties of green synthesized silver nanoparticle decorated on functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a microwave irradiation technique with Hyptis capitata leaf extract. The nanocomposite was prepared by incorporating carboxylic acid functionalized MWCNTs with AgNPs, employing a simple method that utilized green strategies. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. These analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of the nanocomposite and provided insights into its structural and morphological properties. The antibacterial potential of the nanocomposite was evaluated against two common bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results demonstrated that the nanocomposite exhibited has superior antibacterial activity against both strains compared to the AgNPs. This enhanced antibacterial property suggests a synergistic effect resulting from the combination of AgNPs and MWCNTs in the nanocomposite. This research highlights the successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles decorated on functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube through a green and straightforward approach. The nanocomposite displayed excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, making it a promising candidate for applications in antibacterial materials and biomedical devices.
in the family Lamiaceae are very widely used by humans because these plants commonly contain aromatic compounds such as Rosmarinus Officianalis, Hyptis capitata etc. Various plants species that have been studied, especially plant extracts from the family Lamiaceae reveal the content of compounds and prospects for their benefits to humans. The results of a review of various studies revealed that the species of the family Lamiaceae generally has the potential as an antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-immobility, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, Anti-Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, traditional medicine and the pharmaceutical industry etc. Compounds found in the species of family Lamiaceae which have the potential as a drug are very diverse such as eugenol, thymol, Triterpena, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and micrometric acid, types of terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids etc.
Pyhsalis angulata merupakan family Solanaceae. Masyarakat umum mengetahui tumbuhan tersebut sebagai obat. Tumbuhan sebagai obat umumnya memproduksi senyawa obat yang disimpan dalam struktur khusus, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati anatomi P. angulata untuk menemukan struktur khusus yang diduga menyimpan senyawa obat. Pengamatan anatomi menggunakan mikroskop dan pewarnaan safranin. Berdasarkan pengamatan, jaringan yang dijumpai yaitu jaringan yang paling umum seperti jaringan epidermis, jaringan dasar, jaringan penguat (Kolenkim dan sklerenkim) dan jaringan pengangkut. Struktur khusus berupa trikoma dijumpai di daun. Struktur tersebut diduga memproduksi senyawa sebagai bahan obat.
In rural areas of Latin America, Hyptis infusions are very popular. Hyptis obtusiflora extends from Mexico throughout Central America to Bolivia and Peru. It has added value in Ecuador where it has been used by different ethnic groups. We aimed to learn about the traditional knowledge of ancient Kichwa cultures about this plant, and to contrast this knowledge with the published information organized in occidental databases. We proposed to use traditional knowledge as a source of innovation for social development. Our specific objectives were to catalogue the uses of H. obtusiflora in the community, to prospect on the bibliography on a possible chemical justification for its medicinal use, to propose new products for development, and to give arguments for biodiversity conservation. An ethnobotanical survey was made and a Prisma 2009 Flow Diagram was then followed for scientific validation. We rescued data that are novel contributions for the ethnobotany at the national level. The catalogued main activity of anti-inflammation can be related to the terpene composition and the inhibition of xanthine oxidase. This opens the possibility of researching the extract of this plant as an alternative to allopurinol or uricosuric drugs. This is a concrete example of an argument for biodiversity conservation.
