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Growth and activity of extracellular proteases in 48-h-old Achlya a~nbisexualis cultures in media containing various sources of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.
Source publication
The use of proteins as a nutrient source by Achlya ambisexualis was investigated, using media containing defined and undefined sources of carbon, nitrogen, and (or) sulfur. Release of extracellular proteases occurred during growth on all proteins and protein hydrolysates tested, but not during growth on yeast extract or in defined medium. In gelati...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... as a sulfur source. In most experiments, one or more of these were replaced with 0.2% w/v gelatin or other potential protease inducers (see Table 1) before autoclaving. specific variations in the culture media are described in the Results section. ...
Context 2
... occurred on all nutrient sources tested, and protease activity was found in all cultures that contained proteins or peptides (peptone and tryptone) ( Table 1). Activity was absent with yeast extract and in DLM even at 96 h (data not shown), which is beyond the approximately 60-h end point for net mycelial growth in that medium. ...
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Citations
This listing covers the period November 1, 1997 through to December 31, 1997. Citations are arranged in groups which roughly correspond with the British Mycological Society's Special Interest Committees. All correspondence about this item should be addressed to the Executive Editor. Reprints of this feature will not be available.
Evaluation of the likelihood in mixed models for non-normal data, e.g. dependent binary data, involves high dimensional integration, which offers severe numerical problems. Penalized quasi-likelihood, iterative re-weighted restricted maximum likelihood and adjusted profile h-likelihood estimation are methods which avoid numerical integration. They will be derived by approximation of the maximum likelihood equations. For binary data, these estimation procedures may yield seriously biased estimates for components of variance, intra-class correlation or heritability. An analytical evaluation of a simple example illustrates how very critical the approximations can be for the performance of the variance component estimators.
Three different proteinase inhibitors purified from crayfish blood, a 23 kDa inhibitor of subtilisin, a 155 kDa trypsin-inhibitor (pacifastin) and an α2-macroglobulin were tested for their inhibitory activities against extracellular proteinases from the specialized crayfish parasite Aphanomyces astaci, the saprotrophic A. laevis and the plant parasitic A. chochlioides and A. euteiches. All three crayfish inhibitors were effective against extracellular proteinases from the different Aphanomyces species when defined peptides were used as substrates for the proteinases. Proteolytic activities from A. astaci against a complex substrate, casein were reduced by any of the three crayfish proteinase inhibitors tested. It is, therefore, possible that these proteinase inhibitors may reduce the proteolytic breakdown exerted by A. astaci proteinases during an infection.
