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Natural chemical structure of soil is triggered due to tremendous emissions from industrial, mining, domestic effluents, overuse of agricultural pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Hence, the chemical analysis of this resource is necessary to understand the chemical changes and the concentration of heavy metals. In this regard, 25 representative s...
Citations
... Crops were classified into two categories, namely tolerant and non-tolerant, based on their ability (biomass) to withstand saline conditions and the presence of saline-associated fluoride. Fertilizers used for crop development (Karande et al. 2020;Patra et al. 2016), especially in the study region strongly, influence native fluoride levels, and the soil fluoride is greatly affected by the presence of superphosphate. Soluble fluoride accumulates more in root tissues increasing its F concentration ). ...
Fluoride and its constituents in soil affect plant growth and public health. In this study, soil fluoride was measured for the semi-arid regions in southern India, using Sentinel-1 data in conjunction with the dual polarimetric saline-associated fluoride model (also known as fluoride model). A loss angle was estimated from laboratory-based dielectric components of soil samples with strong electrical conductivity under high and low fluoride conditions. The conductivity loss angle and real and imaginary dielectric constants were used to study fluoride salt’s dielectric behavior. The imaginary dielectric component sensitive to dielectric loss could predict fluoride across large areas over time. This was statistically analyzed with R² = 0.86, RMSE = 1.90, and bias = 0.35 showing a promising depiction that C-band SAR data can distinguish fluoride levels over varied clay soil and soil with varying vegetation development. Moreover, the association between biomass and simulated fluoride helped to identify fluoride-tolerant and non-tolerant crops. The study found that Sorghum and Oryza sativa tolerate saline-associated fluoride, whereas Peanut and Allium do not. Furthermore, the model successfully retrieves fluoride from saline salts based on tangent loss.
Graphical Abstract
... [6] Furthermore, many heavy metals and metalloids have been studied in relation to sperm chromatin DNA damage by producing oxidative stress. [7][8][9] In the present study, the aim was to compare the semen parameters, SDF and semen metal concentrations among male partners of fertile couples and couples experiencing unexplained infertility to establish the parameters that more efficiently predict male fertility status. ...
Background
There is ongoing research to find an optimum modality to predict male fertility potential.
Aims
To compare the semen parameters, sperm DNA damage and seminal metal levels of Zinc, Lead and Aluminium among the male partners of couples with unexplained infertility and men with proven fertility.
Settings and Design
Prospective case–control study at a tertiary level teaching hospital.
Materials and Methods
One hundred male partners of couples with unexplained subfertility and 50 men with proven fertility were included in the study. Male partners of unexplained infertility couples and fertile men were compared for their semen parameters, sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) and seminal metal levels in semen.
Statistical Analysis Used
Chi-square test, Student’s t -test, sensitivity and specificity analysis, binomial logistic regression analysis.
Results
Fertile men had statistically significantly higher mean progressive sperm motility than male partners of unexplained infertility (53.12 ± 9.89% vs. 44.81 ± 19.47%, P = 0.005). Semen volume and sperm concentration were comparable among the cases and control population. The mean sperm DFI was significantly lower among fertile men (10.83 ± 6.28 vs. 21.38 ± 10.28, P < 0.0001). Plotting the receiver-operating characteristic curve the threshold for discrimination was calculated to be 18% DFI. The sensitivity specificity and overall accuracy were 43%, 84% and 56.67%, respectively when the DFI cut-off was set at 18%. Zinc concentration in the semen had a strong positive correlation (Point Biserial correlation coefficient = 0.831) with fertility, whereas lead and aluminium had a moderate negative correlation.
Conclusion
Conventional semen analysis had limited differentiating ability for unexplained infertility. The sperm DFI may be employed for explanatory purposes among couples with unexplained subfertility. A lower discriminatory threshold of DFI (18%) has better overall accuracy as opposed to a 30% cutpoint for unexplained subfertility. Among metals, Zinc was strongly correlated with fertility status.
... Human health risk evaluation approaches are adopted, in order to determine the harmful impacts on human health from the drinking of contaminated groundwater on a regular basis (Adimalla and Qian, 2019). In the present study, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA, 2004), an innovative health index model, has been used to estimate the inherent risk factors of swallowing contaminated groundwater (Karande et al., 2020). Several case studies in India and around the world report on the detrimental impacts of drinking contaminated water on human health (Adimalla and Rajitha, 2018; Kadam et al., 2019;Karande et al., 2020). ...
... In the present study, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA, 2004), an innovative health index model, has been used to estimate the inherent risk factors of swallowing contaminated groundwater (Karande et al., 2020). Several case studies in India and around the world report on the detrimental impacts of drinking contaminated water on human health (Adimalla and Rajitha, 2018; Kadam et al., 2019;Karande et al., 2020). The USEPA model (2004) can be used to describe the ingestion effects of contaminated groundwater and to establish health risk assessment. ...
Rapid urbanization, population growth, anthropogenic factors, and unprecedented climatic conditions have led to the degradation of water resources which is a serious concern in many parts of the world. The present work will investigate the groundwater quality, hydrogeochemistry, and health risk assessment of Bhubaneswar City, in the eastern part of India. pH values range from 5.38 to 8.57 ± mean 6.7±0.68, indicating an acidic nature of groundwater. TDS ranges from 93 to 913 ± 316±171 mg/l. Based on values of the water quality index (WQI), 90% of groundwater samples are in the good to excellent category. Based on F − and NO 3 − concentrations, human health risk assessment represents high risks for non-carcinogenic risks, like 94% for children and 95% for adults. Major hydro-geochemical facies are dominated by, Ca-Mg-Cl, and Ca-HCO 3 water types, indicating mixed water facies characteristics. Relatively higher levels of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and lower SO 4 2− concentrations with acidic pH have controlling the dissolution of ions in the sedimentary basin aquifer. Geochemical modeling of groundwater shows an undersaturation state to near saturation conditions for the carbonate phases and an undersatura-tion state with the sulfate phase minerals, respectively. The multivariate analysis reveals the contributions of geogenic and anthropogenic factors controlling groundwater chemistry. The study identifies the hydro-geochemical characteristics, probable health risks, and sustainable management plans for the protection of freshwater resources in urban areas.
... Pesticides can leach into the soil and contaminate groundwater, surface water, and other ecosystems (Wagh et al., 2020). This can result in the death of aquatic organisms, decreased water quality, and human health risks (Khatri and Tyagi, 2015). ...
Plastics have become the fastest growing sector of industrial waste streams in recent
decades, with global production increasing significantly. Microplastics are plastic particles
with a diameter of less than 5 mm. Microplastics may act as an absorbent of chemicals from
the environment as well as a carrier of additive chemicals added to organisms during the
plastic manufacturing process. Microplastic particles are found in environmental
compartments all over the world and have gotten a lot of attention, particularly in the aquatic
environment. The vast majority of MP on agricultural land is emitted by composite pesticides
and fertilizers, organic waste and composts, mulches, water irrigation, and ozone depletion.
Microplastics modify soil biophysical properties such as bulk density, water retention
capacity, and soil microbial interactions with water stable aggregates. Microplastics' effects
on soil and plants are frequently determined by the type and size of microplastics.
Keywords: Aquatic environment, fertilizers, microplastics, pesticides, soil
... 1.2.7 Contamination of soil and water: Pesticides can leach into the soil and contaminate groundwater, surface water, and other ecosystems (Wagh et al., 2020). This can result in the death of aquatic organisms, decreased water quality, and human health risks (Khatri and Tyagi, 2015). ...
Protecting the environment and enriching the soil quality for agriculture is needed for today's time. One side the use of pesticides is necessary for reducing crop losses caused by insect pests, on the other side excessive use of pesticides disturb the soil and microbial ecosystem and lowering the quality of nutrients present in the field. Therefore, holistic and unified Integrated management of nutrient and pest is important for sustainable agriculture practices. Understanding of crops, pest and predator biology, the use of pest-resistant cultivation, crop rotation, improved soil management, and encouraging beneficial insects to replace pesticide spraying, using biofertilizers, manures are the different tools for effective way of pest and nutrient management for quality and sustainable agriculture. This chapter examines integrated pest management (IPM) and integrated nutrient management and maintaining food security.
... They are crucial for proper maintenance and control of numerous bodily functions. But the presence of any PTMs beyond the threshold limit is dangerous (Tahir et al., 2017;Fu et al., 2019;Karande et al., 2020). PTMs are harmful (cytogenetic) to living beings and sustain in the environment for a longer period due to their nonbiodegradable nature (Ali et al., 2019;Kahlon et al., 2018) (Abdullah et al., 2018;Kanwar et al., 2020). ...
Water, forages, and soil contamination with potentially toxic metals (PTMs) through anthropogenic activities has become a significant environmental concern. It is crucial to find out the level of PTMs in water, soil, and forages near industrial areas. The PTMs enter the body of living organisms through these sources and have become a potential risk for humans and animals. Therefore, the present study aims at the health risk assessment of PTMs and their accumulation in soil, water, and forages of three tehsils (Kallar Kahar, Choa Saidan Shah, and Chakwal) in district Chakwal. Samples of wastewater, soil, and forages were collected from various sites of district Chakwal. PTMs detected in the present study were cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni), and their levels were measured through atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAs GF95 graphite furnace auto sampler). Pollution load index (PLI), bio concentration factor (BCF), soil enrichment factors (EF), daily intake value (DIM), and health risk index (HRI) in sheep, cow, and buffalo were also analyzed. The results revealed that the mean concentration (mg/L) of Cd (0.72–0.91 mg/L), Cr (1.84–2.23 mg/L), Pb (0.95–3.22 mg/L), Co (0.74–2.93 mg/L), Cu (0.84–1.96 mg/L), and Ni (1.39–4.39 mg/L) in wastewater samples was higher than permissible limits set by WHO, NEQS, WWF, USEPA, and Pakistan in all three tehsils of district Chakwal. Similarly, in soil samples, concentrations of Cd (1.21–1.95 mg/kg), Cr (38.1–56.4 mg/kg), and Ni (28.3–55.9 mg/kg) were higher than their respective threshold values. The mean concentration of PTMs in forage samples (Parthenium hysterophorus, Mentha spicata, Justicia adhatoda, Calotropis procera, Xanthium strumarium, Amaranthaceae sp.) showed that maximum values of Cd (5.35–7.55 mg/kg), Cr (5.47–7.51 mg/kg), Pb (30–36 mg/kg), and Ni (12.6–57.5 mg/kg) were beyond their safe limit set for forages. PLI, BCF, and EF were > 1.0 for almost all the PTMs. The DIM and HRI for sheep were less than < 1.0 but for cows and buffalo were > 1.0. The current study showed that soil, water, and forages near coal mines area are contaminated with PTMs which enter the food chain and pose significant harm to humans and animals. In order to prevent their dangerous concentration in the food chain, regular assessment of PTMs present in soil, forages, irrigating water, and food is recommended.
... Soil is an important source of food production (Karande et al. 2020;El Hamzaoui et al. 2021;Ofem et al. 2021). However, it is affected by many external factors, one of which can be intensive exposure to heavy metals contamination (Marchand et al. 2011;Mazurek et al. 2017;Sagagi et al. 2022). ...
... El Baghdadi et al. (2011a, b) proposed that the origin of soil contamination can be from anthropogenic, lithogenic, or pedogenic sources. However, some studies have shown that the main source of anthropogenic sources (Omran 2016;Oumenskou et al. 2018;Karande et al. 2019; Barakat et al. 2019a;Rezaei et al. 2020;El Hamzaoui et al. 2020;Ennaji et al. 2020;Hilali et al. 2020) such as intensive agriculture (Ayoubi et al. 2019;El Hamzaoui et al. 2020), excess application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers (Karande et al. 2020;Ayoubi et al. 2019), and irrigation with sewage (Kausar et al. 2017;Hilali et al. 2020Hilali et al. , 2021. ...
This paper examines the vertical distribution of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Fe) in the soil profiles irrigated with sewage from Day River and explores the impact that this sewage has on agricultural soil profile. To this end, three soil profile samples were taken from three unirrigated sites except for rain, and three soil profile samples are collected from sewage irrigated sites in June 2017. Each soil profile is divided into three horizons H1, H2, and H3 at the depth of 0–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm, respectively. The results of physio-chemical characteristics of the soil show that excessive irrigation with sewage increases organic matter (OM), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, carbonates (CaCO3), and the concentration of all evaluated heavy metals in the soil. In addition, the concentration of all evaluated heavy metals stayed within permissible limits proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for unirrigated soil profiles and irrigated soil profiles except for Cd (4.58 mg/kg), Pb (106.26 mg/kg), and As (39.67 mg/kg) in the latter. The vertical distribution of heavy metals demonstrates that the concentration of As, Cr, and Fe increases with the depth, while Pb and Cu decrease downward. In addition, the Cd and Zn have a random distribution. The concentration of heavy metals in the discharged water reveals that the Cd, Pb, and As are gradually decreasing with the depth which confirms that the studied soil retains the heavy metals. The study concludes that sewage irrigation from the Day River contributes to the accumulation of heavy metals and has a dangerous impact on agricultural soil. It is then advisable that local authorities come up with an action plan to treat sewage before discharging it into the Day River.
... Yangtiseikyang, lowland and deltaic areas are the main rice producing areas [19,20,21,22,23]. Since it is basic agriculture, it is very important to bring maximum land under irrigation in order to get maximum production from agriculture, irrigation facilities are being developed on a large scale in Bhandara district. ...
The present study is geospatial modeling in the assessment of environmental resources for sustainable water resource management in a Bhandara district, India, using by geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) techniques. The study will be based on secondary data. Secondary data was collected during the time period between are 1971 to 2013. The major crop of Bhandara district is rice, to study its crop concentration the total cultivated area, area under rice crop and index of concentration in each taluk of the district are given in the following table. To illustrate the changes over time, rice concentration figures from 1991 to 2011 are grouped by index and shown in a map. The average concentration of rice in the district in 1991 is moderate with values of 0.86. High concentration of rice crop is found in three taluks namely Mohadi, Tumsar and Sakoli in the district. The values of centralization in this taluka are more than 1.00 and are 1.10, 1.18 and 1.11 respectively. Whereas three talukas namely Bhandara, Pavani and Lakhandur have moderate concentration of rice cultivation. This concentration falls in the range of 0.80 to 1.00. The value of centralization in these taluks is 0.88, 0.85 and 0.94 respectively. In the year 2011, the average high concentration of rice is found in the district and its values are 1.02. Four taluks namely Mohadi, Tumsar, Sakoli and Lakhani have high concentration of rice with values of 1.08, 1.18, 1.08 and 1.12 respectively. Whereas in three taluks namely Bhandara, Pavani and Lakhandur medium concentration of rice is found and its values are 0.91, 0.86 and 0.90 respectively.The data can be used for area management, utilized in restoration and conservation of natural resources studies in the future.
... But some of these industries are in dire need of water [11,12,13,14,15]. If such industries do not have water, they may come to a standstill, so water also plays an important role in industrial causes [16,17,18,19]. ...
The present study is geospatial modeling in the assessment of environmental resources for sustainable water resource management in a Bhandara district, India, using by geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) techniques. The study will be based on secondary data. Secondary data was collected during the time period between are 1971 to 2013. After data collection the data were edited and coded. Then all the collected data were scrutinized carefully and recorded in master sheets. The monsoon rains in district are concentrated in the four months from June to September and receive 90.81% rainfall, post-monsoon 1.86% pre-monsoon 4.83% and winter 2.48%. Sandy red soil has covered 31% area; median black soil has covered 47% and Lomi red soil 22% covered the area of district. There are 580 large and 13,758 small and medium sized lakes in the district. The percentage of total area under forest 12.25%, especially during 2001 to 2011 periods it was in Bhandara (12.33%), Mohadi (19.89%), Tumsar (13.27%), Lakhani (11.13%) and Lakhandur (16.24%) decreased on large scale. There is a tremendous increase in the forest area in Sakoli (9.31%). Well irrigation is very important, in 1981; the total irrigated area was 66009 hect. of these 7.67% area is under well irrigation in 2011, the total irrigated area was 128165 hect; of these, 19605 hect. (15.30%) area was under well irrigation in the district. The aim of this present study was to evaluate environmental resource units that have been delineated based on the geospatial modeling of environment parameters with appropriate weights in GIS and RS techniques. The data can be used for area management, utilized in restoration and conservation of natural resources studies in the future.
... Civilized human beings built culture by developing the resources available to them, which is why human labor, knowledge, intellect, skills, health, consciousness, and freedom. Social cohesion is a matter of material things (Karande et al. 2020;Lakshmi et al. 2020;Rajasekhar et al. 2019;Mogaji and Lim 2020;. Human intervention has led to many environmental disasters, including the extinction of plant and animal species. ...
The objective of this work is to investigate the suitability of such measurements for indicating heavy metal contamination. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out of agricultural soil which was collected from 23 locations from Kopargaon area of Ahmadnagar district, Maharashtra State of India, using AGICO-MFK1-FA multifunction frequency Kappabridge KLY4S with low frequency susceptibility (F1) 976 Hz and high frequency susceptibility (F2) 15,616 Hz. The magnetic susceptibility values at low frequency were observed ranging from 16.83 × 10–7 m³/kg⁻¹ to 59.38 × 10–7 m³/kg⁻¹, whereas at high frequency, magnetic susceptibility found ranged from 16.17 × 10–7 m³/kg⁻¹ to 56.38 × 10–7 m³/kg⁻¹. This significant magnetic enhancement is an indication of presence of ferromagnetic minerals in agricultural soil from the studied area. Heavy metals in soil samples were analyzed by using double beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean concentration of Mn (6.760 mg/kg) followed by Fe (3.929 mg/kg), Cu (2.284 mg/kg), Pb (1.328 mg/kg), Zn (0.936 mg/kg), Cd (0.682 mg/kg) and Ni (0.595 mg/kg) was observed. The evaluation of anthropogenic influence and contamination with trace elements in soil from study area was carried out using geoaccumulation index. Soil geoaccumulation index (Igeo) shows that maximum values of Fe (5.599) and least value of Cd (−0.976) were observed. The geoaccumulation class (Igeo class) sequence was observed to be Cd > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cu > Mn > Fe. The interpretation of the obtained field measurements and the laboratory analyzes indicates that Cd, Pb and Ni provide the potential risk, whilst the other heavy metals are in the safe limits.
