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![Global horizontal irradiation maps that exist in [29] for the Earth and Turkey.](profile/Yongheng-Yang-2/publication/335313355/figure/fig2/AS:795775860752385@1566739158934/Global-horizontal-irradiation-maps-that-exist-in-29-for-the-Earth-and-Turkey.png)
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![Figure 1. The graphic of primary production data from [22] by renewable...](profile/Yongheng-Yang-2/publication/335313355/figure/fig1/AS:795775860756481@1566739158906/The-graphic-of-primary-production-data-from-22-by-renewable-energies-in-Turkey_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 4. Global horizontal irradiation maps that exist in [29] for the...](profile/Yongheng-Yang-2/publication/335313355/figure/fig2/AS:795775860752385@1566739158934/Global-horizontal-irradiation-maps-that-exist-in-29-for-the-Earth-and-Turkey_Q320.jpg)
![Primary Energy Resources Data Obtained from [24] in Turkey.](profile/Yongheng-Yang-2/publication/335313355/figure/tbl1/AS:795775864946688@1566739159051/Primary-Energy-Resources-Data-Obtained-from-24-in-Turkey_Q320.jpg)
Turkey is among the countries largely dependent on energy import. This dependency has increased interest in new and alternative energy sources. Installation of rooftop solar photovoltaic systems (RSPSs) in Turkey is increasing continuously regarding geographical and meteorological conditions. This paper presents an insight into the potential situat...
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... values are precisely notable for installing a PV system. The annual global solar irradiation potential of Istanbul is about 1500 kWh/m 2 , which is a notable value across the world as seen in following Figure 4. Electronics 2019, 8, 905 6 of 20 ...
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... annual global solar irradiation potential of Istanbul is about 1500 kWh/m 2 , which is a notable value across the world as seen in following Figure 4. Five transformers and 28 conductor lines provide the electrical energy in the campus of the university, which is positioned according to the needs. ...
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... solar cells generate electricity during the day, store it in the battery group, and the energy required for the load is taken from the accumulator. The control unit (charge regulator) used to prevent the damage from overcharging and discharging, cuts off the current Figure 4. Global horizontal irradiation maps that exist in [29] for the Earth and Turkey. ...
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... Given the present rate of growth in renewable energy generation, it is believed that the objective of replacing fossil-fuel based power generation with renewable energy generation will be fulfilled soon. There is some empirical data showing that the combination of various renewable energy sources for electricity generation will reach 100%, effectively eliminating the use of fossil fuels for electricity generation [6]. ...
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The need of electrical power at the school building may be partly fulfilled by solar PV power generation. The panels are installed on the rooftop of the building. For the purpose of optimal design of the generation system, PVSyst is employed for this task. This paper proposes the design of solar PV generation using PVSyst. The design result is then confirmed with the real system. Some adjustments will be carried out to align the design with the real system. For the design, the data of electric load is recorded. The capacity of solar intensity and other parameters were also recorded. With the data in hand, the design of solar PV generation may be carried out using PVSyst. With the design results, the real system may be implemented referring the document of design. Since the capacity of the available panels is limited some application may not be completely implemented. Besides the contribution in the form of load sharing, the system may be used by the students to learn how the electricity can be generated using the resources that are freely available
... It is expressed in kWh/ kWp. [190] Specif ic Yield ¼ Plant output KWh ð Þ Installed capacity KWp ð Þ ...
The transition to sustainable transportation has fueled the need for innovative electric vehicle (EV) charging solutions. Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) systems have emerged as a promising technology that combines renewable energy generation with the infra‐structure of buildings. This paper comprehensively reviews the BIPV system for EV charging, focusing on its technology, application, and performance. The review identifies the gaps in the existing literature, emphasizing the need for a thorough examination of BIPV systems in the context of EV charging. A detailed review of BIPV technology and its application in EV charging is presented, covering aspects such as the generation of solar cell technology, BIPV system installation, design options and influencing factors. Furthermore, the review examines the performance of BIPV systems for EV charging, focusing on energy, economic, and environmental parameters and their comparison with previous studies. Additionally, the paper explores current trends in energy management for BIPV and EV charging, highlighting the need for effective integration and recommending strategies to optimize energy utilization. Combining BIPV with EV charging provides a promising approach to power EV chargers, enhances building energy efficiency, optimizes the building space, reduces energy losses, and decreases grid dependence. Utilizing BIPV‐generated electricity for EV charging provides electricity and fuel savings, offers financial incentives, and increases the market value of the building infrastructure. It significantly lowers greenhouse gas emissions associated with grid and vehicle emissions. It creates a closed‐loop circular economic system where energy is produced, consumed, and stored within the building. The paper underscores the importance of effective integration between Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) charging, emphasizing the necessity of innovative grid technologies, energy storage solutions, and demand‐response energy management strategies to overcome diverse challenges. Overall, the study contributes to the knowledge of BIPV systems for EV charging by presenting practical energy management, effectiveness and sustainability implications. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working towards sustainable transportation and energy systems.
... In Aste and Del Pero (2010) different configurations of large-scale solar systems have been analyzed and compared to the particular energy output which explained. Similarly, the Akpolat et al. (2019) did a performance analysis of on-grid solar system, analyzing various PV parameters. In HemanthBabu et al. (2019) also discussed the study comparing the actual PR with simulated PR. ...
Solar is future of the world’s energy. It will become the leading source of energy to reduce the global energy deficit over the next two decades. In this performance analysis of the solar energy production has been examined at a LSSP (large-scale solar plant) to evaluate the theoretical excess energy (EE). The novel energy-based performance ratio (PR) is used as a performance benchmark based on solar energy production and is proposed as an industrial technique for analyzing the EE of large-scale solar projects. In order to analyze the EE, the solar plant’s PR is an important PV parameter utilized by the plant operators to know the performance of solar power utility by measuring its PV performance parameters. Based on this PV performance parameter, the novel energy-based PR has been applied to determine the EE and bonus energy (BE) amount of the 100MW-Quaid-e-Azam Solar Plant (QASP) grid-connected solar project. In this case, it has been proposed a one-year onsite real-time data FY (2020–2021) for energy inputs variables such as data on PR, production, and irradiance to investigate the EE and BE. According to theoretical calculations, these energy inputs are used in an energy-based PR formula model to figure out the PR % value and how much EE or BE is remained. This paper also includes a detailed discussion of 100MW-QASP plant performance between quarterly and annual targets, and yearly performance comparisons are illustrated. At the end, the detailed information of PR, capacity factor (CF), and power generation of the plant and its comparisons with quarterly and yearly graphs are defined, as well as an overview of the difference in annual energy yield, EE, and shortfall/LD also demonstrated in the graphs.
... The performance simulations were also carried out via PVSOL, PVGIS, SolarGIS, and SISIFO in the work of Dondaryia et al. [21], in which performance prognosis was performed for a 6.4 kW on-grid installation made of monocrystalline modules facing south with a tilt angle of 23 • placed in India. Akpolat et al. [22] presented an analysis of the feasibility and applicability of on-grid photovoltaic systems in Turkey by the use of PVSOL software. A comparative comparison of predictions obtained from PVGIS, PVSOL, and PVWatts for a 6.4 kW rooftop system, situated in Cyprus, is provided in the work of Kassem et al. [23]. ...
In recent years, photovoltaics (PVs) is the main driver of the renewable energy market growth in Poland. The number of photovoltaic installations, most of which are rooftop prosumer systems, is consistently growing. Therefore, the determination of the applicability and feasibility of photovoltaic systems under different climate conditions is of great significance. This study presents the performance analysis of four prosumer photovoltaic installations situated in the Eastern part of Poland, Lublin Voivodeship. The influence of various tilt angles, ranging from 19° to 40°, and azimuths (south, east, south–east, and east–west) on the final yield have been determined under one year of operation (2022). The average yearly final yield was found to be 1022 kWh·kW−1, with the highest value obtained for the installation oriented towards the south, equal 1079 kWh·kW−1. Then, the PV systems were simulated by the use of four specialized photovoltaic software: DDS-Cad 16, PVGIS 5.2, PVSOL premium 2022, and the PVWatts Calculator 8.2.1. A comparative analysis of the measured and simulated data in terms of the final yield was carried out. The data obtained from PVGIS and PVSOL demonstrated the highest degree of overall alignment of 92% and 91%, respectively. The most significant underestimation was noticed for the DDS-Cad software, which was equal to 77%. The most accurate predictions stand out for the system oriented to the south, while the weakest was found for the E–W installation.
... The following results of PV generation for every area were provided: In the residential area, 162,260 kW of PV capacity was installed, whereas the commercial area had 169,200 kW of PV capacity. Based on [69] study, we utilised a performance ratio (PR) of 0.824%. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) provided data on solar radiation [70], estimating that Abha, Saudi Arabia, receives 2184 h of sunlight annually [68]. ...
This paper explores the potential of rooftop solar PV to meet the electricity demand in the urban areas of Abha city, Saudi Arabia (KSA), minimising imports from the grid. A localised energy system for Abha is proposed that considers two types of loads: (i) residential loads with a monthly aggregated energy consumption of 172,440 MWh and an electric demand of 239.5 MW, and (ii) commercial loads with a monthly aggregated energy consumption of 179,280 MWh and an electric demand of 249 MW. The grid currently supplies this load. This paper proposes a PV development planning tool for residential and commercial areas to calculate the total PV production for each type of load to achieve a balanced energy area, considering (i) the number of buildings, (ii) the type of load, (iii) the peak load, and (iv) the total PV array area in m2 per building. The results of the modelling study using real data demonstrate that the anticipated total PV production in residential and commercial areas is sufficient to meet local peak demand, and there is an excess of power that can either be stored locally or exported to the grid.
... It is possible to generate power at a site with solar insolation of 20 MJ/m2 day 1 that is reasonably sunny for a long time at a lower cost than diesel generators, especially in remote locations where fuel supply and maintenance costs may be high. The ultimate goal is to have grid power rates that are competitive with some daytime peak pricing, which is most possible if the polluting kinds of generation are penalized for external expenses [5]- [7]. Since this is the most typical and well-known kind, the preliminary study will always refer to the silicon ...
Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation involves employing solar panels to transform solar energy into electrical current. In a PV system, solar panels, also known as PV panels, are assembled into arrays. PV systems can be set up either off-grid or connected to the grid. Solar panels, combiner boxes, inverters, optimizers, and disconnects are the fundamental parts of these two PV system topologies. Battery disconnects, meters, batteries, charge controllers, and grid-connected PV systems are further potential components.
... For such a grid connected system, the grid serves as the storage medium, supplying energy to the grid as long as there is sufficient sunshine [13]. Gridconnected PV systems can be mounted on the building façade and rooftops of buildings [14], as well as shades of parking lots or shelters [15]. These systems facilitate the reduction of energy costs and generate profit by exporting excessive energy to the grid. ...
Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is a current trend worldwide, offering many environmental benefits. With the flagship SolarNova Programme in Singapore, solar PV has gained its momentum. However, it remains important to explore new avenues to introduce solar PV in the urban settings. The housing development board (HDB) green towns promote sustainable living. Therefore, introducing solar PV is essential. This research study aims to propose and conduct an economic evaluation on solar PV for the HDB’s covered linkways. HDB covered linkways connect buildings within the green towns. Hence, installing solar PV systems in covered linkways facilitates to self-produce required energy and export extra electricity to the grid. This research study used PVWatts calculator to calculate the power generation. A thin film solar PV is used for the study with fixed array type and azimuth is 180°. Four solar PV systems, namely (1) 4 kW, (2) 5 kW, (3)10 kW, and (4) 20 kW, were evaluated in this research study. The initial cost ranges from S$7000 to S$38,000 for the four types. For 4 kW and 5 kW systems, the payback period is 6.22 years. The highest payback period is for a 20-kW system, which is 7.4 years. The 10-kW system generates a significant portion of the electricity requirements, and the payback period is 6.04 years. This research contributes to the solar PV domain by proposing a novel grid-connected solar PV system for covered linkways while identifying the most cost-effective solution.
... From the beginning of 2015, PV energy system investments have increased exponentially. In 2020, the total installed PV power capacity is increased to 6.67 GW. ...
... Kalinci [5] investigated a PV array feasibility analysis for Bozcaada island, Istanbul. Akpolat et al. [6] presented a simulation study for the Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic System (RSPS) design and calculation for the faculty building at Marmara University in Istanbul. Aykut et al. [7] presented a techno-economic and environmental feasibility study of a hybrid grid-connected wind/PV/biomass energy system for Marmara University Goztepe Campus in Istanbul. ...
Due to their clean energy generation process, PV energy systems are an important alternative energy production system against fossil fuel-based energy production systems. However, it is important to make a clear and brief economic feasibility analysis before the installation of a PV energy system. The return time of the investment should have been calculated carefully. So, this paper presents an economic feasibility analysis of a grid-connected PV energy system. The system is planned to locate on the campus of Kutahya Dumlupinar University, Türkiye. The proposed system is planned to establish approximately 3000 m 2 of an unused field near a pond on the campus. The DC side power plant installed power capacity has been determined as 150kWp. The network side power of the system is determined as 125kW e. The total cost of the system is determined and the monthly energy production of the proposed PV energy system in years is calculated according to solar radiation data. The overall profit of the system is calculated by years. It is found that the system will start to make profits at the middle of the 5 th year of the investment.
... The amount of solar energy that lands on the surface of earth each year is around 160 times greater than the amount of fossil fuel reserves that have been discovered so far on the planet. Furthermore, annual energy generation from conventional plants is 15,000 times lower than solar energy production [3]. Due to the low energy conversion competence, a grid-linked PV system is preferred over a freestanding PV system [4]. ...
... The main world challenge in terms of electricity is to meet the growing demand. In Africa, the demand is growing due to urbanisation and industrialisation (Akpolat et al., 2019). Unfortunately, Africa has the least rate of electrification which in turn affects the development of most countries. ...
