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Many public facilities, institutions, and private domains in Germany are still limited to using administrative
zones when visualizing densities of statistical data. When dealing with geospatial information the following question is becoming increasingly more important: „How much data (persons/buildings) must be aggregated to consider regulations of...
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... for statistical reporting and spatial analysis purposes. The grid is based on the ETRS89 Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area coordinate reference system and is defined by hierarchical resolutions of 1 m, 10 m, 100 m, 1000 m, 10000 m, and 100000 m. The grid specified by INSPIRE is used for the quadtree repre- sentation of the German building stock (see Fig. ...
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Citations
... La agregación se realiza con una estructura jerárquica conocida como quadtrees, es decir, los elementos de un nivel pueden tener como máximo cuatro descendientes. El proceso de subdivisión está determinado por la población y esto permite optimizar la resolución en función de la densidad, es decir, ofrecer más resolución en las zonas donde se encuentra una elevada densidad de población (Behnisch et al., 2013 ...
This thesis is based on understanding and dealing with the complexity of the urban fabric and the significant role played by roofs and other anthropogenic factors in the urban climate. A singular complexity which alters the climate, leading to a high vulnerability to high temperatures in our latitudes.
However, there is still a lack of knowledge when it comes to understanding the dynamics of all the processes and interactions observed within the urban boundary layer. Because of these limitations, mainly related to the urban fabric, the aim of this doctoral thesis is to advance in this line of research by attempting to thermally characterize roofs and to explore the role they play.
The aim is to improve the characterization of our urban and peri-urban region by applying sustainable climate change mitigation proposals. To this end, the cartographic techniques, remote sensing data and geo-referenced modelling used have been crucial in order to achieve our objective.
Firstly, we have presented different methodologies for mapping Local Climate Zones, either by means of Machine Learning or by using and reconverting existing high-resolution geoinformation datasets over our study area.
Secondly, we have used these mappings along with other remote sensing techniques to run urban climate and meteorological models aiming to monitor in a very detailed way the urban thermal behavior in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona.
Using these outputs, we have been able to modify the cartographies created with the aim of developing thermal mitigation strategies in urban ecosystems and to find out to what extent the increase in temperature and associated mortality can be reduced. We are aware that this is a big challenge at all levels, not only scientifically but also at political and societal level.
[IN SPANISH]
CATALAN INDUSTRIAL DOCTORATE PROGRAMME - 2015 DI 0038
... The aggregation process implemented in the AQuadtree package uses a hierarchical (quadtree) data structure and follows a recursive decomposition of space (Samet, 1984;Behnisch et al., 2013). The methodology recursively splits each squared area into four equal-sized quadrants. ...
The demand for precise data for analytical purposes grows rapidly among the research community and decision makers as more geographic information is being collected. Laws protecting data privacy are being enforced to prevent data disclosure. Statistical institutes and agencies need methods to preserve confidentiality while maintaining accuracy when disclosing geographic data. In this paper we present the AQuadtree package, a software intended to produce and deal with official spatial data making data privacy and accuracy compatible. The lack of specific methods in R to anonymize spatial data motivated the development of this package, providing an automatic aggregation tool to anonymize point data. We propose a methodology based on hierarchical geographic data structures to create a varying size grid adapted to local area population densities. This article gives insights and hints for implementation and usage. We hope this new tool may be helpful for statistical offices and users of official spatial data.
... Eine präzise Kenntnis der Bestandsmengen und dazugehörigen räumlichen Eigenschaften ist im Hinblick auf eine nachhaltige Entwicklung des deutschen Gebäudebestandes von großer Bedeutung und gesamtgesellschaftlicher Relevanz (Deutscher Bundestag 1998;Behnisch, Meinel 2011;Hassler 2011). In Verbindung mit den Hausumringen (Gebäudegrundrisse) als Produkt der amtlichen Vermessung zeichnen sich in jüngster Zeit neue Möglichkeiten ab, um den Gebäudebestand flächendeckend und räumlich hoch aufgelöst abzubilden (Behnisch, Meinel 2011;Behnisch et al. 2012;Behnisch et al. 2013 ...
Die Themen Flächenentwicklung, -monitoring und -management sowie Flächenbedarfsprognosen gewinnen angesichts zunehmender Flächenkonkurrenzen und ambitionierter Flächensparziele in Politik, Raumplanung und Umweltschutz an Bedeutung. Inzwischen ist eine intensive Fachdiskussion in Gang gekommen, wie und auf welcher Datengrundlage die Flächeninanspruchnahme von Siedlung und Verkehr gemessen werden kann, wie qualitative Aspekte der Flächennutzung in Ergänzung zur amtlichen Flächenerhebung einbezogen werden können, welche Rolle neue hochauflösende topographische Geobasisdaten und Gebäudedaten dabei spielen, wie Innenentwicklungspotenziale erfasst und auf welche Weise Analyseergebnisse übersichtlich und verständlich visualisiert werden können.
Die vorliegende Buchpublikation vereint in diesem Kontext aktuelle Beiträge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis. So werden Antworten zu Fragen nach Flächenerhebungsmethoden, zum fernerkundlichen Flächenmonitoring, zur indikatorenbasierten Beschreibung ausgewählter Aspekte der Flächennutzungsstruktur, zum Einsatz von Geobasisdaten, zu Gebäudeerhebungen und -bestandsanalysen, zu kleinräumigen Datenangeboten und Analyseverfahren zur Siedlungsstruktur sowie zur Prognose der Flächenentwicklung gegeben. In diesem Band sind die Beiträge des 5. Dresdner Flächennutzungssymposiums 2013 vereint.
Knowledge of the German building stock is largely based on census data and annual construction statistics. Despite the wide range of statistical data, they are constrained in terms of temporal, thematic and spatial resolution, and hence do not satisfy all requirements of spatial planning and research. In this paper, we describe a new workflow for data integration that allows the quantification of the structure and dynamic of national building stocks by analyzing authoritative geodata. The proposed workflow has been developed, tested and demonstrated exemplarily for the whole country of Germany. We use nationwide and commonly available authoritative geodata products such as building footprint and address data derived from the real estate cadaster and land use information from the digital landscape model. The processing steps are (1) data preprocessing; (2) the calculation of building attributes; (3) semantic enrichment of the building using a classification tree; (4) the intersection with spatial units; and finally (5) the quantification and cartographic visualization of the building structure and dynamic. Applying the workflow to German authoritative geodata, it was possible to describe the entire building stock by 48 million polygons at different scale levels. Approximately one third of the total building stock are outbuildings. The methodological approach reveals that 62% of residential buildings are detached, 80% semi-detached and 20% terraced houses. The approach and the novel database will be very valuable for urban and energy modeling, material flow analysis, risk assessment and facility management.
