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Accurate information about soil properties is required in plant growth and yield. Hence, the rising knowledge in the preservation of favourable soil properties is basically driven by its vital role in agricultural crop productivity. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and GIS were used for site selection, soil suitability for agricultural use a...
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... Basin derives its sediments from the erosion of the Abakaliki Anticlinorium, which had become the major site of deposition in Late Cretaceous-Eocene time (Airewele et al. 2020). The study area is majorly underlain by Bende-Ameki Formation, which comprises two major facies; lateritic sandstone facies and organic silty sandstone facies (Figure 2) ...
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Citations
... Tso et al. [18] demonstrated the inaccuracy of converting geoelectric sections obtained from the application of the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method to moisture images, without considering other factors such as changes in texture and/or pore water salinity. Ozegin et al. [19] presented successful results on the application of the ERT method in the determination of chemical properties of agricultural soils. Correlation analyses between the results of chemical analyses performed on soil samples and geoelectric models were required for the estimation of soil chemical properties. ...
Seeds require adequate soil moisture prior to planting, and pre-sowing irrigation depth (PSID) represents the optimum seed moisture level. This work proposes a new methodology to obtain soil physical properties and PSID, that includes the application of the electromagnetic profiling method (EMP) as a fast and non-invasive technique. Soil electrical resistivity measurements obtained from an EMP survey are combined with soil moisture and salinity information as experimental input for the PetroWin program. The PetroWin program uses Ryjov’s theoretical model to determine fines content and porosity, and then, PSID values are determined. At the study site, variations in soil resistivity were controlled by variations in fines content and soil moisture, and not by variations in soil salinity. The rooting depth of the crops was limited by a soil thickness of 0.6 m. A PSID between 8 and 9 cm was determined for the site, resulting in a total water volume required of 5313 m3 to ensure that soil moisture reaches the field capacity. The proposed methodology constitutes an effective and efficient tool for the determination of the physical properties and irrigation parameters of agricultural soils and, consequently, for the sustainable use of irrigation water.
... As a result, RS has become useful for GIS surface geological formation. A GIS is a system for visualising (or mapping) geospatial data (e.g., Ozegin and Salufu, 2022). ...
One of the most critical challenges affecting emerging nations is the inaccessibility to potable water, particularly in regions where people compete for domestic water with irrigation, heavy industry, and sewage disposal. Therefore, in order to efficiently explore for this resource, it is necessary to establish an efficient, dependable, and lasting method or methods of identifying zones of groundwater occurrence and distribution with high precision. The groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) in the Edo North region of Nigeria were mapped using integrative techniques for sustainability in this study. The objectives were accomplished by developing six separate theme layers that determine groundwater potential, namely Geomorphology (G), Slope (S), Drainage Density (DD), Lineament Density (LD), Landuse/Landcover (LU/LC), and Geology (GE). Thematic maps were weighted, normalised, and compared pair-wise using Saaty's Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) model before being integrated and queried in the ArcGIS environment to categorise groundwater zones. Hence, the groundwater potentiality map created in a GIS environment classified recharge capacities into four zones: very low 561 Km² (17%); low 1989.9 Km² (60.3%); moderate 627 Km² (19%); and high 122.1 Km² (3.7%). The GIS model and RS findings suggest that the eastern and northern sections of the study area have moderate to high recharge and storage potential. These findings for water resource development are in areas with considerable groundwater potential.
... Most importantly, the first step to achieve optimization of agricultural output is to identify fertile soil that can give high yield crops. Geophysical methods have been found to be relevant in agricultural practice and their applications have been demonstrated in the literatures [2][3][4][5]. ...
Accurate knowledge of soil fertility is required to promote global food security for life sustenance. Literatures have shown that electrical resistivity method is effective for agricultural site selection without passing through the rigor of soil test. However, the factor responsible for inconsistence in resistivity signature with soil fertility from one place to another, effect of soil texture and depth variation on crop yield are the questions this work geared at providing answers. Ten Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were conducted across the study area using Schlumberger array. Res1Dinvers was used for the inversion model, using Least Square method. Twenty soil samples were obtained in the VES points, two samples per point. One sample each at first and second layer. Result of the apparent resistivity showed that areas with high-excellent crop yield have resistivity signature above 500 Ωm while areas with low yield are characterized by values less than 500 Ωm. In both areas of low and high-excellent crop yield, the result of geochemical analysis indicated that Nitrogen, phosphate, and Potassium varied as 59-61%, 43-54mg/kg and 49-51mg/kg, respectively except for organic matter content that was above 3.8% in the first layer have high-excellent yield while low yield soil showed less than 3.8% in their first layer and even if the second layer’s organic matter is above 3.8%. This study has shown that organic matter has significant effect on soil resistivity signature than others soil nutrients (Phosphate, Potassium and Nitrogen). The study shows that soil’s first layer (0-0.3m) is the most suitable depth conducive for soil minerals occurrence for optimum agricultural output.
Geophysical methods and soil test analysis have been used to study soil properties in the farm of the Centre for Entrepreneurial Studies (CES), Delta State University Abraka Nigeria. Vertical electrical sounding (VES), borehole geophysics, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and geochemical methods were used for the study. Seven VES stations were occupied along five traverses used for ERT measurements. Samples of soil close to the VES stations were taken for soil testing and study of grain size to corroborate the results of VES and ERT. The low resistivity of the topsoil obtained from the VES agrees with the ERT and borehole log results and this ranges from fine grained silt topsoil to sandy clay. This is a product of partial decomposition of plants and animals forming organic matter, and ranges from 168–790 Ωm with mean value of 494 Ωm and average depth of 2.3 m. This depth covers the upper root region of some important crop and depict a high amount of moisture and mineral nutrients, and a fair degree of stoniness to aid adequate rooting of the crops. Also, the observed topsoil is high in porosity and water retention which are major suitable factors for the yield of tuber and stem plants. The soil test results gave pH: 6.13–7.16, organic matter: 6.48–8.66%, Nitrogen: 65.72–78.21%, Phosphorus: 53.32–67.43%, Copper: 14.16–22.61 mg/kg, Nickel: 1.16–3.11 mg/kg, Lead: 4.00-8.84 mg/kg, Arsenic: 0.08–0.1 mg/kg Iron: 96.33-151.63 mg/kg. These recorded concentrations are below the WHO standard for crop production.
The application of scientific knowledge to resolve the real-world problems faced by the people of society is essential for any scientific discovery or invention. In handling any problem or crisis, whether man-made or naturally induced, a proper investigation is needed to understand the actual scenario of the matter. Based on collected information about the targeted problem from the real world, an analysis can do in a meaningful way. After that, anybody can decide on beneficial strategies to resolve the targeted issue. In this context, geographical information system (GIS) is a widely used software technology for spatial mapping data about different phenomena in nature and human society. In human society, agriculture is one of the most important economic activities adopted by human beings to sustain their livelihoods. Agriculture is an environmentally influenced and artificially controlled activity that faces several environmental and man-created problems. To overcome the said problems in the agricultural sector, visualization of the real situation in the spatiotemporal context in a more precise way GIS is a powerful and suitable technology for the geographers and planners of the different development authorities in a nation. Based on accrued real-word data, a detailed analysis can be done and hence can decide better strategies to mitigate the problems related to agricultural activities. Again, GIS helps clear visualization of strategies in spatial context and assists in implementing the strategies in more fruitful ways. In the age of globalization, agriculture is considered a high-tech industry due to commercializing agricultural productions and agro-based industries. GIS is being used to estimate and identify the potential agricultural regions for more improvement in the agricultural sector. The selection of crops for production in more profitable ways is necessary to meet the challenge of the global market by a nation. On a national level, the government can estimate the net sown area, probable production of particular crops, and amount of loss in the agricultural area due to any disaster by mapping the spatial situation through GIS. On the basis of the estimation, government can take effective measures to resolve the crisis faced by the farmers. So, applying GIS to resolve the crisis in agriculture is beyond question.
Soil salinity is becoming one of the most devastating environmental hazards over the years. Soil investigation involves fast, low cost and non disturbing methods to measure soil characteristics for both construction projects as well as for agricultural use. The electrical resistivity of saline soils is greatly governed by salt concentration and the presence of moisture in soil matrix. Experimental results of this investigation highlight that there is a significant relationship between the electrical resistivity of soil samples mixed with chloride solutions (NaCl, KCl, and MgCl2) at various concentrations, and soil physical properties. Correlations represented by quadratic functions were obtained between electrical resistivity and soil characteristics, namely, water content, degree of saturation and salt concentration. This research reveals that the obtained correlations between electrical resistivity, salt concentration, water content and degree of saturation are effective for predicting the characteristics of salt affected soils in practice, which constitute a governing element in the assessment of saline lands sustaining infrastructure.
