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Geographic distribution of Microbotryum polygoni-alati (red circle) and M. nepalense (blue circles) in Africa (generated with SimpleMappr, Shorthouse 2010). Figs 2, 3. Microbotryum polygoni-alati on Persicaria nepalensis from Ethiopia (I. Friis et al., coll. no. 1810, C)-habit. 2. Sorus in the infl orescence, scale bar = 5 mm. 3. Sorus on the stem, scale bar = 5 mm
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... --On Polygonaceae: Persicaria nepalensis (syn. Polygonum nepalense Meisn., P. alatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don); East Africa (Ethiopia) (Fig. 1) and Asia (India, China -Sichuan, ...
Context 2
... -On Polygonaceae: Persicaria nepalensis; East Africa (Ethiopia) (Fig. 1) and Asia. Th is species is tentatively treated as belonging to the genus Microbotryum. From Africa, M. nepalense is known only from Ethiopia (from Amhara Region and Oromia Region -Vánky 2005; Vánky et al. 2011). Th e specimen, recorded herein, is collected from a new locality in Oromia Region. Usually, the sori of M. nepalense are formed closely below the infl orescence, while in the examined specimen, the sorus is developed in the lowest part of the stem (Fig. ...
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Citations
... Selected weeds have been widely studied, which allowed identifying fungi associated with them among which are: Microbotryum nepalense (Liro) Vánky, in P. nepalensis (Denchev & Denchev, 2017); Curvularia sp., in D. horizontalis (Flores et al., 2018); Cercospora bidentis E.J. in B. pilosa (Guatimosim et al., 2015); and Colletotrichum sp., in E. bonariensis (Bonacci et al., 2018). Additionally, in this same region of eastern Antioquia, "Author/a" (2021) reported the pathogenicity of Alternaria thunbergia EG Simmons & Alcorn, and Nigrospora sphaerica (Sacc.) ...
Biological control as part of integrated weed management represents an emerging and promising method to minimize the use and impact of herbicides on the environment. The objective of this research was to determine the ecological, phytosanitary, and agronomic status of weeds associated with crops in Antioquia, Colombia, and their potential to be chosen as candidates for biological control studies using pathogenic fungi. The research was carried out through a sampling of weeds in 35 agricultural farms, distributed in 11 municipalities and 10 different crops, on which population ecological variables such as frequency and dominance were evaluated; phytosanitary variables such as incidence and severity of foliar fungal symptoms; as well as some biological and anthropogenic aspects of these, through interviews with the farmers of each farm. The integration of these variables was proposed as an indicator to order and classify the plants according to their greater suitability to be subjected to biocontrol studies. A diversity of 75 weed species was found, with the Poaceae and Asteraceae families standing out, which together represented 43% of the population. 76% of this population presented disease symptoms, presumably of fungal origin, with the severity of up to 10% of the affected leaf area. In 22% of the species agronomic management difficulties greater than 50% were detected on a scale of 1 to 10. We indicate the following twelve weed species as candidates for future biological control studies through phytopathogenic fungi: Rumex crispus L., Digitaria horizontalis (Willd), Persicaria nepalensis (Meisn.) Miyabe, Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims, Melinis minutiflora Beauv., Paspalum paniculatum L., Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov., Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kunth, Sonchus oleraceus L., Erigeron bonariensis L., Bidens pilosa L., and Artemisia absinthium L. This is the first report of its kind in Colombia.
... In China and India, countries where it is believed to be the origin of this plant, there were reports of the fungi, Microbotryum polygoni-alati (Thirum. & Pavgi) Vánky and M. nepalensis associated with this weed, but their pathogenicity was not tested (Denchev and Denchev 2017). ...
Background
Use of phytopathogenic fungi for the biocontrol of weeds represents a promising path in the search for new management alternatives that allow reducing negative effects on the environment and the generation of biotypes having resistance to herbicides. The first step in developing weed biological control programs is to determine the plants and their natural enemies with the highest affinity and potential to achieve effective biocontrol. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the phytopathogenic potential of fungal isolates on four economically important weeds including: Rumex crispus L., Digitaria horizontalis Willd, Persicaria nepalensis (Meisn.) Miyabe, and Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims, as a possible biocontrol agent.
Results
Morphological and molecular identification of nine phytopathogenic isolates of weeds was achieved, according to the sequencing of the ITS, β-Tub2, and TEF1-α regions. Pathogenicity of the following species on original hosts was confirmed: Colletotrichum cigarro, Epicoccum draconis, and Didymella rumicicola on R. crispus; Bipolaris sp. , on D. horizontalis; Bipolaris zeicola, Phialemoniopsis curvata, and Stemphylium beticola on P. nepalensis and, Alternaria thunbergiae and Nigrospora sphaerica on T. alata. These could be, fairly, considered the first worldwide reports of such interactions, except for A. thunbergiae and Bipolaris sp. The most virulent interactions according to the AUDPC value corresponded to ( R. crispus × D. rumicicola ), ( D. horizontalis × Bipolaris sp.), ( P. nepalensis × S. beticola ) and (T. alata × A. thunbergiae ), with an incidence of 100%.
Conclusion
These strains were proposed for future research as potential biocontrol agents, which represented a great resource for the possible generation of new bio-herbicides.
... Microbotryum nepalense is known from Asia (Tadzhikistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, China, Russian Far East, and Japan) and East Africa (Ethiopia) (Ahmad 1956;Kakishima 1982;Karatygin & Azbukina 1989;Kakishima & Ono 1993;Azbukina & al. 1995;Guo 2000;Kakishima & al. 2000;Vánky 2005Vánky , 2007Denchev & Denchev 2017). Persicaria nepalensis is the only known host plant of this smut fungus. ...
Four smut fungi, Microbotryum Nepalense, Sphacelotheca polygoni-senticosi, Tilletia barclayana, and T. setariae-viridis, are reported for the first time from South Korea. Additionally, Persicaria longiseta and P. posumbu are newly recorded as South Korean hosts of Sphacelotheca hydropiperis, and Echinochloa crus-galli is a new South Korean host for Ustilago trichophora.
Two smut fungi, Microbotryum bardanense and M. polygoni-alati, are reported for the first time from Nepal. Descriptions, illustrations, and taxonomic notes are provided for these taxa.
