Table 2 - uploaded by Jung-Kyu Choi
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General sample characteristics according to sleep duration (female).
Source publication
Chronic sleep deprivation is increasingly common in industrialized societies. Short sleep duration has been associated with a number of negative health outcomes. The objectives of this study were to investigate the association between self-reported sleep duration and the presence of metabolic syndrome (combination of central obesity, triglyceride,...
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Background
We hypothesized that cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) sleep quality reflects cardiovascular and cardiometabolic health, in healthy weight children.
Methods
Retrospective signal analysis of existing ECG data utilizing CPC, FDA cleared, software as medical device (SaMD). ECG signals were extracted from baseline polysomnography studies in th...
Citations
... However, all individuals have a unique circadian sleep-wake preference, which can be called a chronotype [25][26][27]. There are three known chronotypes: morningness, eveningness and midrange/intermediate [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. ...
... However, all individuals have a unique circadian sleep-wake preference, which can be called a chronotype [25][26][27]. There are three known chronotypes: morningness, eveningness and midrange/intermediate [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Individuals with the morningness chronotype go to sleep and wake up early, reaching peak physical and mental performance, body temperature, cortisol, and melatonin at the beginning of the day [29,31]. ...
Sleep is extremely important for the homeostasis of the organism. In recent years, various studies have been carried out to address factors related to sleep patterns and their influence on food choices, as well as on the onset of chronic noncommunicable diseases. The aim of this article is to provide a scientific literature review on the possible role of sleep patterns on eating behavior and the risk of noncommunicable diseases. A search was performed on Medline (PubMed interface) using several keywords (e.g., “Factors Influencing Sleep” OR “Sleep and Chronic Diseases”). Articles published between 2000 and the present date that relate sleep to cyclic metabolic processes and changes in eating behavior were selected. Changes in sleep patterns are increasingly detected today, and these modifications are mainly caused by work and lifestyle conditions as well as a growing dependence on electronic devices. Sleep deprivation and the resultant short sleep duration lead to an increased appetite via an increase in the hunger hormone (ghrelin) and a decrease in the satiety hormone (leptin). Nowadays, sleep is undervalued, and thus often impaired, with consequences for the performance of various body systems. Sleep deprivation alters physiological homeostasis and influences eating behavior as well as the onset of chronic diseases.
... There were some inconsistent results in the literature review. Accordingly, some studies found that short sleep durations were associated with MetS [13][14][15][16], yet some others concluded that short sleep durations were not related to it [17]. Najafian et al. reported that while short sleep durations could be associated with MetS, longer sleep durations had a protective effect on developing MetS in the future [16]. ...
... In fact, sleep duration per day was the sum of sleep duration at night and daytime napping hours. Sleep duration per day was classified into the 4 groups of < 6 h, 6-7 h, 8-9 h, and ≥ 10 h [9,15]. In the multivariable analysis, the 8-9 h category was selected as the reference. ...
... There are a lot of inconsistencies about the relationship between short sleep duration and MetS in past research. Some studies report that short sleep duration is related to MetS [13][14][15][16], yet some others conclude that short sleep duration is not connected to MetS [17]. Moreover, some studies have reported that long sleep duration can decrease the risk of MetS [16], while others reject this hypothesis and report that long sleep duration is not related to MetS [13,14,32,33]. ...
Background and aim
There are few studies and inconsistent findings on the role of sleep-related parameters in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among youths. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between sleep-related parameters and MetS among youths in a large sample size in Rafsanjan, a region in the southeast of Iran.
Methods
The current cross-sectional study was performed on 3,006 young adults aged 15–35, who registered for Rafsanjan Youth Cohort Study (RYCS), as part of Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS)). In fact, RCS is a branch of the prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran (PERSIAN). In the present study, we included 2,867 youths after excluding some subjects with missing information on MetS components. MetS was diagnosed based on Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria. Besides, data on sleep-related parameters were collected by self-report questionnaires.
Results
The overall prevalence of MetS was 7.74% among the participants. In addition, bedtime, wake time, napping, night shift work, and sleep duration per night and day had no association with the higher odds of having MetS. In contrast, long sleep duration at night was associated with the lower odds of high waist circumference (WC) (OR: 0.82,95% CI :0.67–0.99).
Conclusion
In the present study, long sleep duration at night was associated with lower odds of central obesity. However, more longitudinal studies with the objective measurement of sleep-related parameters are needed to verify the associations reported in the current study.
... Several cross-sectional and epidemiologic studies have reported that insufficient sleep duration is related to obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality (1)(2)(3)(4) . The exact mechanisms by which sleep restriction may lead to such diseases have not been well established. ...
Objective:
Evidence on the relationship between sleep duration and irregularity in daily energy intake with diet quality in Iranian adults is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the association of sleep duration with diet quality and irregularity in daily energy intake.
Design:
This is s cross-sectional study.
Setting:
The study was carried in health care centers in Tehran.
Participants:
739 adults aged 20-59 years were recruited. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire and three, 24-h dietary recalls. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). An irregularity score of daily energy intake was calculated based on the deviation from the 3-day mean energy intake. Sleep duration was estimated using self-reported nocturnal sleep duration by each person.
Results:
Mean age of study participants was 44.4±10.7 years; 70% were women. The mean of nocturnal sleep duration, HEI score, and irregularity score were 6.7±1.22 hours/day, 52.5±8.55, and 22.9+19, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, sleep duration was not associated with adherence to HEI-2015 (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.77-1.74). Longer sleep duration was marginally associated with a lower odd of irregularity in daily energy intake. However, after adjustment for various confounders, this association was not significant (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.50-1.33; P trend=0.45). No significant interaction was observed between sleep duration and irregularity in daily energy intake in relation to adherence to HEI-2015 (P-interaction= 0.48).
Conclusions:
We found that sleep duration was not associated with adherence to HEI-2015 and irregularity in daily energy intake. Further prospective studies are warranted.
... The importance of nutrition in the development of non-communicable diseases is well known. Studies have shown that the quality of diet as one of the determinants of obesity [19], when low, is associated with diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) [20,21]. Numerous dietary scores have been developed around the world to measure adherence to dietary guidelines and dietary patterns [22][23][24]. ...
Background
Previous studies have shown the association of a number of dietary quality scores with metabolically phenotypes of obesity. Recently, the Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS), which is a fully food-based score based on the 2015 Dutch dietary guidelines and underlying international literature, has been proposed as a tool for assessing the quality of the diet. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the association between LLDS and metabolically healthy/unhealthy overweight and obesity (MHO/MUHO) phenotypes.
Methods
This study was performed on 217 women, aged 18–48 years old. For each participant anthropometric values, biochemical test and body composition were evaluated by standard protocols and methods. The LLDS was determined based on 12 components using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 147 items. The metabolically healthy (MH) was evaluated using the Karelis criteria.
Results
Among the total participants in this study, 31.3% of the subjects were MHO while 68.7% were MUHO. After adjustment for potential confounding variables (age, energy intake, and physical activity), participants in highest LLDS tertile had a lower odds of MUHO compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.23, 5.83; P-trend = 0.03). Also, after further adjustment with BMI, provided only small changes in "OR" and did not attenuate the significance (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.23, 6.91; P-trend = 0.02).
Conclusions
The present evidence indicates that individuals with higher adherence to the LLDS had lower odds of metabolically unhealthy (MUH).
... Poor and inadequate sleep is regarded as a core symptom of menopause (National Institutes of Health, 2005) and is a risk factor for poor weight outcomes in midlife women (Hall et al., 2012;Lee & Shin, 2015;Taylor et al., 2016). Although poor and inadequate sleep can include short sleep duration (i.e., less than six hours; Choi et al., 2011), unstable sleep timing (Taylor et al., 2016), reduced sleep quality (Jennings et al., 2007) and/or poor sleep efficiency (Buysse, 2014), sleep duration is a consistent and independent contributor to weight gain in this population Patel & Hu, 2008). In particular, short sleep duration increases desire to consume energy dense food choices, increases levels of appetitive hormones, and interferes with emotional-cognitive reasoning involving food choices (Spiegel et al., 2004). ...
Midlife women are vulnerable to developing obesity. Behavioral and psychosocial factors including sleep duration, stress eating, and negative emotionality are risk factors. However, little is known about the complex daily interplay between sleep, eating, emotion, and weight among midlife women. The current study examined how daily sleep, using food to cope, and negative emotionality are associated with weight using a daily process research design. An archival analysis was performed using the Midlife in the United States-II study (MIDUS II). The sample consisted of 489 midlife women (40–64 years of age). Variables included ecological momentary assessments of daily sleep duration, using food to cope, and negative affect (means and intraindividual variability) and a standardized measurement of BMI. Sleep duration variability was a significant predictor of BMI, albeit the model only accounted for .8% of the variance in BMI (b = .019, p < .05). In the final adjusted model, sleep duration variability, using food to cope, age, and physical activity were all significant predictors of BMI F(5, 559) = 21.503, p < .001, R² = .161, ⨂R² = .024, p = .001. Variability in negative affect, mean sleep duration or negative affect and the interactions between sleep duration (mean, variability) and negative affect (mean, variability) were not significant. Greater variability in sleep duration and greater use of food to cope predicted higher BMI in this sample across age and physical activity levels. Results highlight that daily health and psychosocial factors play an important role in weight.
... According to a number of reports, unfavorable sleep quality could be linked to greater obesity and it has turned quite widespread in the course of the last decade. In addition, sleep deprivation/insufficiency and lower diet quality are reportedly related to numerous chronic complications or diseases such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome [7][8][9]. Nordic diet represents a dietary pattern that emphasizes the consumption of traditional Nordic foods (the Scandinavian region) such as all grains, fruits (apples, pears, and berries), low-fat dairy products, fatty fish like salmon, cabbage, and root vegetables [10]. Researches have shown that adherence to the Nordic diet may result in lower weight [11][12][13][14]. ...
Objective
Previous studies have shown an association between diet quality and sleep quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between modified Nordic diet with sleep quality and circadian rhythm in overweight and obese woman.
Methods
We enrolled 399 overweight and obese women (body mass index (BMI): 25–40 kg/m²), aged 18–48 years, in this cross-sectional study. For each participant, anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests, and food intake were evaluated. Sleep quality and circadian rhythm was measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and morning–evening questionnaire (MEQ) questionnaire. Modified Nordic diet score was measured using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
Results
Overall, 51.7% of the subjects were good sleepers (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) < 5) while 48.3% were poor sleepers (PSQI ≥ 5). Moreover, participants were divided into five groups of MEQ, namely, completely morning 8 (2.4%), rarely morning 82 (24.8%), normal 196 (59.2%), rarely evening 43 (13%), and completely evening 2 (0.6%). After controlling for confounders, there was a significant association between poor sleep quality and the modified Nordic diet (OR = 0.80, %95 CI = 0.66–0.98, P = 0.01). Moreover, a significant positive association was observed between the completely morning and modified Nordic diet (OR = 1.80, %95 CI = 0.54–6.00, P = 0.03), in addition to a significant inverse association between the completely evening type and modified Nordic diet (OR = 0.16, %95 CI = 0.002–5.41, P = 0.02).
Conclusions
The present study indicated that higher adherence to a modified Nordic diet reduces poor sleep quality. Also, the completely morning type was associated with higher adherence to a modified Nordic diet, and completely evening type was associated with lower adherence to a modified Nordic diet.
Levels of evidence
Level IV, evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis.
... Moreover, several studies have reported that sleep apnea and sleep deprivation could occur in diabetes (5). On the other hand, sleep deprivation is associated with some other problems and chronic diseases such as cardiometabolic disorders, depression, and elevated mortality rates (6)(7)(8). Hyperglycemia increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetic patients, which cause increased oxidative stress (9). Increasing oxidative stress status and imbalance of oxidative and antioxidative status may lead to psychological distress and sleep disorders (10). ...
Background
Some dietary patterns may improve diabetes complications through scavenging oxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated the effect of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on sleep status, mental health, and hormonal changes among Iranian women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) included 66 diabetic women. Participants were randomly divided into the two different diet groups (the DASH diet and control diet; 33 patients in each group) for 3 months. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items were used to assess sleep and mental disorders, respectively. Fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), as well as several sex hormones were evaluated at the beginning and the end of the trial.
Results
Anthropometric indices, HbA1c (control: 8.77 ± 0.82 vs. 8.04 ± 1.03; the DASH diet 8.70 ± 1.05 vs.7.41 ± 1.03), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (control: 72.16 ± 26.02 vs. 68.12 ± 27.63; the DASH diet: 72.99 ± 25.19 vs. 67.43 ± 27.63) significantly decreased over 12 weeks in both the groups (P < .0001). Testosterone, 2-h postprandial glucose (2hPPG), and AGEs significantly decreased over 12 weeks in the DASH diet group. Sleep, depression, and anxiety scores significantly decreased over 12 weeks in the DASH diet group. Night sleep duration significantly increased over 12 weeks in the DASH diet group (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion
A 12-week DASH diet significantly decreases testosterone, 2hPPG, AGEs level, as well as sleep, depression, and anxiety scores in women with type 2 diabetes. However, more RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.
... Several studies have shown that sleep disorders are more common in diabetic patients and that these patients are poor sleepers with higher glucose levels than those who are non-diabetic [1,3,4]. Moreover, sleep disturbances such as sleep deprivation are associated with some chronic diseases for instance obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and coronary heart disease as well as psychological symptoms and lower diet quality [5][6][7]. Diet is an environmental factor that has a well-known and important role in health status, diabetes improvement and reduction of its complication. Based on several studies, sleep deprivation was associated with lower vegetables [8], more fat [9], and energy-dense foods [10]. ...
Objective
Diabetes is a common chronic disease with many complications. Controlling these complexities may enhance the quality of life. This study was conducted to investigate the association between diet quality indices and sleep, stress, anxiety, and depression among diabetic women.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire was filled to assess the dietary intake and adherence to the diet quality indices. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and 21 items Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale were used to assess the sleep and mental disorders, respectively.ParticipantsThis study was conducted on 230 Tehrani women with type 2 diabetes.ResultsPatients who were in the top tertile of diet quality index consumed less fat, saturated mono-and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, and sodium (P < 0.05). Participants who were in top tertile of diet quality indices consumed more fruits, and vegetables. Patients in the highest tertile of diet quality index-international had less risk of depression (OR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.07; 0.41), anxiety (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.16; 0.80), stress (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04; 0.21), and poor sleep (OR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04; 0.36). Patients in the highest tertile of healthy eating index-international had less risk of depression (OR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.02; 0.21), anxiety (OR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.04; 0.26), stress (OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.05; 0.26), and poor sleep (OR: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.03; 0.20).Conclusion
Patients with higher adherence to diet quality indices were likely less to have mental disorders or poor sleep.Level of evidenceLevel V: based on descriptive studies (a Cross-sectional study).
... Two thousand seven hundred and seventy-three articles were identified, of which 258 (9.3%) included data for the association between sleep and MS. Finally, 12 studies (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) were eligible based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Since the data were divided by sex in one study, it was considered separate studies in the subsequent data analysis (12). ...
... Finally, 12 studies (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) were eligible based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Since the data were divided by sex in one study, it was considered separate studies in the subsequent data analysis (12). Therefore, 13 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. ...
Purpose
Sleep duration is thought to play a key role in the development of metabolic syndrome. However, the results have been inconsistent.
Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and searched publications in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinicaltrials.gov. The summary relative risks (RRs) were estimated using a random model. The sensitivity analysis was performed by sequentially excluding each study to test the robustness of the pooled estimates.
Finding
We included 13 studies involving 300,202 patients in which short sleep and long sleep significantly increased the risk of metabolic syndrome 15% (RR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.09-1.22, p < 0.001) and 19% (RR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.05-1.35, p < 0.001). Moreover, the relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome risk presented a U-shaped curve. Short and long sleep increased the risk of obesity by 14% (RR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.07-1.22, p<0.001) and 15% (RR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.00-1.30, p = 0.04), and high blood pressure 16% (RR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.02-1.31, p = 0.03) and 13% (RR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.04-1.24, p = 0.01), respectively. Short sleep can potentially increase the risk of high blood sugar by 12% (RR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.00-1.15, P = 0.05).
Implications
Based on our findings, sleep is a behavior that can be changed and is economical. Clinically doctors and health professionals should be encouraged to increase their efforts to promote healthy sleep for all people.
... Our results were consistent after controlling for important demographic characteristics and confounding factors such as smoking, drinking, and sedentary behavior that might influence MetS. Since previous studies have found only one sex is associated with short sleep duration and MetS [19,20], we decided to also stratify the sexes in the dose-response analysis. The results showed that there was no difference between males and females, with MetS only being associated with a short sleep duration. ...
PurposeThis research aimed at determining the relationship between self-reported sleep duration during week-/work-days and metabolic syndrome (MetS) from NHANES 2013 to 2016.Methods
This study analyzed data from 11,181 people aged 16 or older who took part in the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys) from 2013 to 2016. A standard questionnaire was used to define self-reported sleep duration, and MetS was defined on the basis of the NCEP (National Cholesterol Education Program)/ATP III revised diagnostic criteria. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) models were used to assess the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and MetS.ResultsThe overall prevalence of MetS in the study cohort was 26.1%, with 24.8% for males and 27.3% for females. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, MetS was significantly associated with self-reported short sleep duration (odds ratio = 1.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.03–1.31, P = 0.013) but not with long sleep duration (P = 0.117). RCS regression revealed that self-reported sleep duration was nonlinearly related to MetS (P for nonlinearity = 0.0026). The risk of MetS decreased with increased sleep duration for durations of less than 7 h/day, while there was no association for longer sleep durations.Conclusion
These results suggest that self-reported short sleep duration is a risk factor for MetS, while long sleep duration is not.
