Figure 4 - uploaded by Agniya Sokolova
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Gemmules of Rosulaspongilla. (A–J) R. alba. A – gemmule of the holotype NHMUK 1890.1.9.348, B – gemmule of a specimen from the Dalyan River, Turkey; C – gemmule of the specimen from Lake Togo, Japan; D – gemmule of a specimen from Lake Batur, Indonesia; E – foramen zone of the holotype’s gemmule; F – foramen zone of a specimen from the Dalyan River, Turkey; G – foramen zone of the specimen from Lake Togo, Japan; H – foramen zone of the specimen from Lake Batur, Indonesia; I – mesh of the holotype’s pneumatic layer; J – mesh of the pneumatic layer of a specimen from the Dalyan River, Turkey; (K–L) R. rhadinaea. K – gemmule of a specimen from the Vaksh River valley; L – its magnified foramen zone.
Source publication
FULL TEXT HERE: https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/HPFBBKTNEI2DBNMNDA2Z/full?target=10.1080/14772000.2021.1958948
Freshwater sponges are widely distributed throughout the world, but their taxonomy and phylogenetics remain obscure. Studying distantly located specimens of the cosmopolitan spongillid Spongilla alba Carter, 1849 Carter, H. (1849). we...
Citations
... Rosulaspongilla alba (Carter, 1849) -Bali (Sokolova et al. 2021) 348 ...
... (Carter, 1849) from Batur Lake (freshwater lake), Bali, Lesser Sunda. Image sources (Becking & Lim 2009;Santodomingo & Becking 2018;Sokolova et al. 2021;de Voogd 2003). ...
... At least 12 species of Spongillida from Indonesia's freshwater environment belonging to nine genera in three families, are recorded in the WPD. Most of these species were described from historical studies (Evans 1901;Gee 1930;Vorstman 1927Vorstman , 1928Weber 1890;Weltner 1901) and only a few from earlier studies (Manconi & Pronzato 2002;Sokolova et al. 2021). Some of those species have been revised due to taxonomic revisions, such as Ephydatia blembingia Evans, 1901, Ephydatia bogorensis Weber, 1890, Ephydatia fortis var. ...
Sponges in Indonesia have been studied since the 19th century during several historical expeditions and international collaborations. Hundreds of new species were reported from various locations, e.g., Ambon, Ternate, Sulawesi, Aru, and Kei Islands. This study aimed to create a sponge (Porifera: Calcarea, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) species checklist from Indonesia based on World Porifera Database. With a total of 731 species, our checklist comprises approximately 45 species of Calcarea, 566 species of Demospongiae, 115 species of Hexactinellida, and five species of Homoscleromorpha. The number of species are recorded from 12 marine ecoregions across the Indonesian Archipelago and freshwater habitats (Spongillida) between 1820–2021. The species composition indicates higher regional endemism or poorly studied since no other report after the original description. However, several marine ecoregions of Indonesia remain highly overlooked (e.g., Northeast Sulawesi, Papua, Southern Java, Western Sumatra), including freshwater habitats. Therefore, a taxonomic biodiversity baseline study, particularly on Porifera, is necessary to better understand the aquatic and marine biodiversity in the Indonesia Archipelago.
Freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillida) are sessile invertebrates with skeletons composed of siliceous elements termed spicules. Sponge spicules (megascleres, microscleres, and gemmuloscleres) are characterized by widely varying sizes and shapes. These spicules are well-preserved in lacustrine, wetland, and riverine sediments and hold significant ecological and limnological information that can be applied as diagnostic tools in reconstructions of Quaternary environments. However, problems with taxonomy and the absence of systematic guidelines and standards of identification represent major challenges to utilizing freshwater sponges as a paleo-proxy. Here, we present a well-illustrated extraction protocol and morphological guide to the Neotropical freshwater sponge fauna. This guide is intended to introduce researchers and students to the study of freshwater sponges and their use as a diagnostic tool in paleoecology and paleolimnology.
Diverse associations of freshwater sponges with molluscs were recently described from the Xingu River, Amazon Basin. However, such associations in other parts of the world are almost unknown. Here, we report on the discovery of epifaunal associations of a freshwater sponge (Corvospongilla, Spongillidae) with a byssus-attaching clam (Limnoperna, Mytilidae) and a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis, Unionidae) in tropical Asia (Mun River, Thailand). We used this association as a model system to show how the application of an integrative taxonomic approach can change modern views on the taxonomic status and biogeographic affinities of tropical invertebrates in a rather small sample. The freshwater sponge from the Mun River morphologically corresponds to the nominal taxon Corvospongilla siamensis but it is identical to Corvospongilla ultima from the Kaladan River, western Myanmar, based on the sequences of five DNA markers and the PTP species delimitation modeling. Hence, the first species is considered here to be a junior synonym of C. ultima. Conversely, the Limnoperna clam from the Mun River is found to be distant phylogenetically from the invasive golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei based on the sequences of three DNA markers. We therefore restore Limnoperna siamensis stat. rev. as a valid species. Our time-calibrated multi-locus phylogeny reveals that the split between L. siamensis and L. fortunei most likely occurred at the Miocene—Pliocene boundary. Finally, the freshwater mussel Hyriopsis khoratensis is an abundant species endemic to the Mun River. Our novel data highlight that associations of freshwater sponges with bivalves are present in Asia but were historically overlooked there and that the Mekong's sponge-mollusc association can be considered analogous to those discovered in South America.
