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Gelatinopsis acarosporicola ( Knudsen 9236 UCR , holotype). A. Infected host thallus. B. Ascomatal section showing the
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The new lichenicolous fungus, Gelatinopsis acarosporicola, is described from southern California in western North America, where it grows on Acarospora socialis. It differs from the three other lichenicolous species, G. ericetorum, G. leptogii and G. roccellae in having subglobose to broadly ellipsoid ascospores and host selection.
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... Faster C accumulation and older age likely mean that the surface of the Shenjiadan and Qindelie fens were drier (with lower water tables) and that they had a greater percentage of woody species, as a part of the minority vegetation. Further, Helotiaceae and Tremellomycetes are dominate by terricolous or lichen-forming species, such as Gelatinopsis [55] and Hymenoscyphus [56], two of the largest genera of Helotiaceae, and Tremella and Syzygospora belonging to Tremellomycete [57]. The functional roles of these biomarkers in the three fens still remain to be elucidated. ...
Peatlands in the Sanjiang Plain could be more vulnerable to global warming because they are located at the southernmost boundary of northern peatlands. Unlike bacteria, fungi are often overlooked, even though they play important roles in substance circulation in the peatland ecosystems. Accordingly, it is imperative that we deepen our understanding of fungal community structure and diversity in the peatlands. In this study, high-throughput Illumina sequencing was used to study the fungal communities in three fens in the Sanjiang Plain, located at the southern edge of northern peatlands. Peat soil was collected from the three fens which developed during different periods. A total of 463,198 fungal ITS sequences were obtained, and these sequences were classified into at least six phyla, 21 classes, more than 60 orders and over 200 genera. The fungal community structures were distinct in the three sites and were dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. However, there were no significant differences between these three fens in any α-diversity index (p > 0.05). Soil age and the carbon (C) accumulation rate, as well as total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio, and bulk density were found to be closely related to the abundance of several dominant fungal taxa. We captured a rich fungal community and confirmed that the dominant taxa were those which were frequently detected in other northern peatlands. Soil age and the C accumulation rate were found to play important roles in shaping the fungal community structure.
... Similarly, the very recently described G. acarosporicola Kocourk. & K. Knudsen has comparable ascomata (they differ in being frequently elongate or angular) (Fig. 1B), a similar exciple, subcylindrical to clavate asci with a thin wall, and 1(-2)-seriate, shortly ellipsoid ascospores (Kocourková & Knudsen 2009 1D), is very similar to the Llimoniella species discussed here, but differs in the more deeply pigmented orange to reddish brown exciple and epihymenium, and the distinctly swollen (up to 6 µm) and pigmented paraphyses apices. These differences hardly justify a distinct genus. ...
The new lichenicolous Llimoniella phaeophysciae, known from Italy, Spain and the USA (Arizona) on Phaeophyscia, resembles Geltingia associata in the subcylindrical asci with uniseriate, shortly ellipsoid ascospores, but is distinguished by several important characters. Gelatinopsis acarosporicola, G. heppiae, Geltingia groenlandiae and Psorotichia terricola (syn. nov. Gelatinopsis leptogii) are considered to be congeneric with L. phaeophysciae, although some of them have elongate clavate and not subcylindrical asci and they are consequently combined in Llimoniella. These five species are distinguished from Llimoniella s.str. by a different excipular and epihymenial pigmentation not reacting with KOH and are treated as the informal L. phaeophysciae group. The new L. placopsidis is described from Placopsis in New Zealand. More complex pigmentation patterns are documented for L. pyrenulae and L. ramalinae. A revised key to the species of Llimoniella is presented. Gelatinopsis ericetorum and G. roccellae are combined in Rhymbocarpus. A redescription of Geltingia associata is given.
Zhurbenko, M. P. 2021. Studies on lichenicolous fungi in the Uppsala (UPS) collection curated by the late Rolf Santesson. – Herzogia 34: 493 –507. A new genus and species, Stromatoneolamya ugandensis, is described for a lichenicolous ascomycete growing on Canoparmelia nairobiensis that mainly differs from Neolamya peltigerae in its well-developed clypeus, completely immersed ascomata clustered in stromatic warts on the host thallus, and the absence of external periphyses. Three additional new species are described: Lichenopeltella mobergii (on Hypogymnia kiboensis), Llimoniella bryonthae (on Pertusaria bryontha), and Plectocarpon santessonii (on Parmotrema pseudonilgherrense). Polycoccum laursenii is reported as new to the southern hemisphere from Australia, Lettauia hypotrachynae new to Uganda, Merismatium corae new to Guatemala, Scutula miliaris new to China, and Stigmidium triebeliae new to Portugal from Madeira. Lettauia hypotrachynae is first reported from Hypotrachyna densirhizinata and Muellerella lichenicola from Pertusaria papillulata.
Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades. Leotiomycetes include 53 families (Ascodichaenaceae, Amicodiscaceae fam. nov., Amorphothecaceae, Arachnopezizaceae, Ascocorticiaceae, Calloriaceae, Cenangiaceae, Chaetomellaceae, Chlorociboriaceae, Chlorospleniaceae fam. nov., Bryoglossaceae fam. nov., Cochlearomycetaceae, Cordieritidaceae, Cyttariaceae, Deltopyxidaceae fam. nov., Dermateaceae, Discinellaceae fam. nov., Drepanopezizaceae, Erysiphaceae, Gelatinodiscaceae, Godroniaceae, Hamatocanthoscyphaceae fam. nov., Helicogoniaceae, Helotiaceae, Hemiphacidiaceae, Heterosphaeriaceae, Hyaloscyphaceae, Hydrocinaceae fam. nov., Hyphodiscaceae fam. nov., Lachnaceae, Lahmiaceae, Lauriomycetaceae, Leotiaceae, Leptodontidiaceae, Lichinodiaceae, Loramycetaceae, Marthamycetaceae, Medeolariaceae, Mitrulaceae, Mollisiaceae, Neocrinulaceae, Neolauriomycetaceae, Pezizellaceae, Phacidiaceae, Ploettnerulaceae, Rhytismataceae, Rutstroemiaceae, Sclerotiniaceae, Solenopeziaceae fam. nov., Thelebolaceae, Triblidiaceae, Tympanidaceae and Vibrisseaceae) and 14 family-level clades (Alatospora-Miniancora clade, Aquapoterium-Unguicularia clade, Bulgariella clade, Coleophoma-Parafabraea clade, Colipila clade, Corticifraga-Calloriopsis clade, Epicladonia-Epithamnolia clade, Flagellospora clade, Gelatinomyces clade, Micraspis clade, Patellariopsis clade, Phialocephala urceolata clade, Peltigeromyces clade and Trizodia clade). We briefly discuss the phylogenetic placements of these families and family-level clades. We provide an outline of the genera and the families of Leotiomycetes and a table summarising sexual morph characters of all the families/family-level clades of Leotiomycetes. Nine new families are introduced and we provide descriptions and illustrations of 50 Leotiomycetes taxa including six new genera and 22 new species, from collections made in China, Italy, Thailand, Russia, UK and Uzbekistan. Small scale phylogenetic analyses using concatenated datasets of five loci (rDNA, TEF and RBP2) are provided, where the backbone tree is insufficient to confirm the phylogenetic placement of our collections. This paper contributes to a more comprehensive update and improved identification of Leotiomycetes based on available literature and our collections.
Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10–15 years, and continues to accelerate. Several genera have been found to be polyphyletic, and their generic concepts have subsequently been emended. New names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular genera. The ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011, has also caused changes in fungal generic names. In order to facilitate access to all important changes, it was desirable to compile these in a single document. The present article provides a list of generic names of Ascomycota (approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016), including those which are lichen-forming. Notes and summaries of the changes since the last edition of ‘Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi’ in 2008 are provided. The notes include the number of accepted species, classification, type species (with location of the type material), culture availability, life-styles, distribution, and selected publications that have appeared since 2008. This work is intended to provide the foundation for updating the ascomycete component of the “Without prejudice list of generic names of Fungi” published in 2013, which will be developed into a list of protected generic names. This will be subjected to the XIXth International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen in July 2017 agreeing to a modification in the rules relating to protected lists, and scrutiny by procedures determined by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF). The previously invalidly published generic names Barriopsis, Collophora (as Collophorina), Cryomyces, Dematiopleospora, Heterospora (as Heterosporicola), Lithophila, Palmomyces (as Palmaria) and Saxomyces are validated, as are two previously invalid family names, Bartaliniaceae and Wiesneriomycetaceae. Four species of Lalaria, which were invalidly published are transferred to Taphrina and validated as new combinations. Catenomycopsis Tibell & Constant. is reduced under Chaenothecopsis Vain., while Dichomera Cooke is reduced under Botryosphaeria Ces. & De Not. (Art. 59).
One hundred and eighty-seven lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens are reported from California. Abrothallus acetabuli and Intralichen lichenicola are reported new for North America and California. Sclerococcum montagnei is reported new for California. A strict definition of lichenicolous lichens as non-lichenized juvenile parasites that develop an independent lichenized thallus is used and 19 species are reported for California.
