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The study of the endolithic molluscs found on/in living alien Spondylus shells collected in the Gulf of Iskenderun (Turkey) brought to light three more alien Bivalvia species, namely Petricola hemprichi, Gastrochaena cymbium and Sphenia rueppelli. The presence of Sphenia rueppelli deserves attention as it constitutes the first record of this specie...
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... cymbium (Fig. 4) is of In- do-Pacific origin. By 1933 it had been record- ed in the Suez Canal (MOAZZO, 1939) and it is currently very common in the far east- ern Mediterranean (BARASH & DANIN, 1973;MIENIS, 2002) attached to shells of Cardita and Glycymeris in Haifa Bay (BARASH & DANIN, 1977). Other records include S. Turkey: 1990(NIEDERHÖFER et al., ...
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Citations
... In the Mediterranean Sea, no boring alien polychaete species has been reported to date, but a sipunculan, Aspidosiphon elegans, was reported to bore into rocks in the Levantine Sea, causing bioerosion (Açik, 2018). In addition, boring alien bivalve species (Petricola hemprichi, Gastrochaena symbium and Sphenia rueppelli) infested large bivalve species such as Spondylus spp. in the Levantine Sea (Zenetos et al., 2010). Increasing densities and distributional ranges of these species within the Mediterranean Sea could create a nuisance, causing physical damage of rocks as well as biogenic habitats like coralligenous habitats. ...
The present study reports polychaetes that bore into limestone rocks along the east coast of the Aegean Sea (eastern Mediterranean). Rock materials were collected at two depth intervals (0–5 and 5–10 m) at 15 stations in four localities of Ildırı Bay. A total of 276 specimens belonging to 12 species and four families (Eunicidae, Spionidae, Cirratulidae and Sabellidae) were recorded. Specimens belonging to Dodecaceria and Pseudopotamilla were identified at the genus level, because they differ from described species, were few in number or were in poor condition. Dipolydora giardia is a new species to the marine fauna of Turkey. The most dominant and frequent family in the area was Eunicidae, followed by Spionidae. Lysidice ninetta and L. margaritacea comprised 59% of the total number of individuals. The number of species and individuals, and the diversity index did not change with regard to depth or locality. Two species assemblages were found in the area, mainly formed by Dipolydora and Lysidice species. The Lessepsian species, Palola valida , which is a new record for the Aegean Sea, occurred abundantly at the study sites, posing a risk of damage to limestone rocks in the Mediterranean Sea. The morphological features of the species identified at the generic level and the burrow structure of these species are presented. The burrow shapes of Palola siciliensis and P. valida were described for the first time in the present study; they constructed complicated galleries, including more than four entrances.
... The studies showed that locality type of the molluscan species that have been introduced particularly to the Levantine Sea were of the Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific Oceans and the Red Sea [63]. The succession path of species could be considered through the North Africa from the Atlantic Ocean and through region of Sukhumi gyre, corner of the most eastern-south of the Levantine Sea, from the Indian Ocean or the Red Sea to the Levantine Sea with all undertaken throughout the rim current of the Mediterranean Sea [35,64]. Most of the species were established at the Israeli coasts (127 alien molluscs with 284 the Red Sea-Indo-Pacific originated in a total of 296 alien species, [65]), then distributed increasingly in one of the eutrified area, Iskenderun Bay (77 alien mollusc as 18 new records of 286 mollusc species with 197 gastropod, 81 bivalve and 5 polyplacophoran species included in a total 424 mollusc species compiled by Bakır et al., [35] and coastal waters of Mersin Bay (122 mollusc species of 337 macrozoobenthic species, [14]). ...
... Most of the species were established at the Israeli coasts (127 alien molluscs with 284 the Red Sea-Indo-Pacific originated in a total of 296 alien species, [65]), then distributed increasingly in one of the eutrified area, Iskenderun Bay (77 alien mollusc as 18 new records of 286 mollusc species with 197 gastropod, 81 bivalve and 5 polyplacophoran species included in a total 424 mollusc species compiled by Bakır et al., [35] and coastal waters of Mersin Bay (122 mollusc species of 337 macrozoobenthic species, [14]). Recently, many new records have been come from the Greek waters (Crete) in the Levantine Sea after many observed in the Turkish coasts [30,64]. As a consequence of the species succession pathway and the differences in the habitat types, spatio-temporal sampling area coverage as well and the number of soft-bottom molluscan species found in this study was found to be less than those given in the previous studies performed in the Turkish Levantine Sea, the Levantine Sea, the Eastern Mediterranean Sea and adjacent regions of the study area [1, 15, 38, 40-41, 43, 46, 66-68]. ...
Potential benthic molluscan community were studied seasonally in associated with the environmental parameters in 2005-2007, by covering broad scale region of the Cilician shelf with three transects containing seven different bottom sampling depth (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 150 and 200 m),. Totally, 61 molluscan species composing of 3 placophoran, 45 bivalve and 13 gastropod classes were recorded in the different habitats of vegetated and non-vegetated soft bottoms that have ecologically disturbed and undisturbed conditions along the Turkish coasts of the Cilician Basin in the Levantine Sea. Most effects of habitat, eco-hydrographical conditions on the molluscan community occurred on the bottom shallower than 50 m. The community of deeper zone of the shelf was not affected significantly by the conditions. Accordingly, spatio-temporal shifts in the feeding types of species dominating the community in terms of numbers and biomass were concluded to sustain the ecosystem of an oligotropihic sea.
... The other two classes of the Mollusca phylum, Solenogastres and Monoplacopora were not reported at the Mediterranean coast of Turkey so far. It is known that the Mediterranean is being invaded by alien species that arrive from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal (60% of the number of alien species) and from other seas carried by ships (Zenetos et al. 2010; Table 3). Up to 2010, 955 alien species were identified in the Mediterranean. ...
... Up to 2010, 955 alien species were identified in the Mediterranean. Among these, molluscs constitute a significant number with 212 species (Zenetos et al. 2010(Zenetos et al. , Çınar et al. 2012). Among Turkish seas, the Levantine coasts of Turkey are among the areas most affected by these alien species, mostly consisting of Lessepsian species. ...
... For this reason, Iskenderun Bay has a special importance regarding alien mollusc species. (2004) Because most alien molluscs species entering the Mediterranean (mostly Lessepsian) were first discovered in the Iskenderun Bay (Aartsen and Recevik 1998;Engl and Çeviker 1999;Albayrak and Çeviker 2001;Çeviker 2001;Çecik et al. 2008;Zenetos et al. 2010). Recently, Lodderia novemcarinata, Zafra obesula and Z. pumila reported by Öztürk et al. (2014) and Martesia striata reported by Çevik et al. (2015) were first identified in the Iskenderun Bay in the Mediterranean. ...
... Still, these countries seem to have hotspot locations responsible for a great majority of their marine introductions: Iskenderun (Turkey), Venice (Italy) and Sevastopol (Ukraine). The port of Iskenderun appears as the largest hotspot for shipping-mediated introductions of marine alien species probably due to being not only one of Turkey's largest ports on the Mediterranean Sea, subjected to intensive maritime transport, but also an important naval training base (Zenetos et al. 2010). ...
The spatial pattern of initial introductions of marine alien species in the European Seas (including the entire Mediterranean) was investigated. Marked geographic patterns depending on the pathway of introduction were revealed, with specific countries acting as gateways to alien invasions. France and Italy were the countries mostly responsible for introductions by aquaculture, while Lessepsian species were first reported (as anticipated) in the countries of the Levantine Sea, especially Israel. Shipping was the most important pathway of introduction, with a widely dispersed geographic pattern of initial introductions, especially near large ports. Certain taxonomic groups were mostly introduced by specific pathways, and hence the taxonomic identity of the introduced alien species in each region was greatly dependent on the dominant maritime activities/interventions and the related pathways of introduction. Our data can be very useful for informing and supporting national policy and management decisions necessary to prevent future introductions of marine alien species.
... The second is that its records from Cyprus and Turkey could be man-mediated (e.g., via shipping). The Gulf of İskenderun, in fact, is not only one of Turkey's largest ports on the Mediterranean Sea but it also serves as an important naval training base (Zenetos et al., 2010b). A molecular approach may solve the question. ...
A detailed Mediterranean synonymy (= list of published records) and distributional map is offered for the Pacific jewel-box Chama pacifica Broderip, 1835, an alien mollusk invasive in the deep eastern Mediterranean Sea. A more detailed examination of the single specimen published from the Thermaikos Gulf led us to consider it as a juvenile of the native congeneric C. gryphoides Linnaeus, 1758. Concomitantly, the presence of C. pacifica along the Greek shores is here first recorded on the basis of 4 adult live specimens sampled at Fokià Bay (Kàrpathos Island). Dates of first record in the Mediterranean for each country in which the species was recorded are reviewed with respect to the recent bibliography. On the basis of the specimens directly examined or reported in the literature, the first record date for Turkey and Lebanon is 1999, and for Greece, 2011. Finally, a discussion regarding the Mediterranean spreading of C. pacifica is offered.
... Further monitoring studies are needed to establish the distribution and densities of M. perfragilis and of M. senhousia along the Turkish Levantine coastline. The region where M. perfragilis was observed is characterized by intense shipping (ZENETOS et al., 2010b ) and, therefore, its vector of arrival could have been shipping via the Suez Canal. have any special coloration pattern. ...
... It was reported in 1940 from the Palestine coast, then the species spread to the Levantine basin and later to the western Mediterranean (Sardinia and Spain) (ZENETOS et al., 2004 ). Although its original distribution includes both the Red Sea and the Atlantic, it is considered as one of the most widespread Lessepsian species as it is very common in the eastern Mediterranean (ZENETOS et al., 2010b). Ten individuals were observed in the region of Sidi Fredj (36AE45'45'' N; 2AE50'20'') between autumn and winter 2008 on soft bottom, covered by Cymodocea nodosa, Nanozostera noltii and Caulera racemosa var cylindracea, and neighbouring detritic infralittoral rocks, at a depth of less than one metre. ...
The present work reports on recent biodiversity records of Mediterranean native species such as Olindias phosphorica in the Turkish Aegean Sea and extended distribution of ten alien species in the Mediterranean. These are: Bursatella leachi (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Algeria); Callinectes sapidus (Crustacea,
Decapoda: Greek Ionian Sea); Caprella scaura (Crustacea, Amphipoda: Mar Piccolo of Taranto); Fistularia commersonii (Fish: Saronikos Gulf, Aegean Sea); Sphoeroides pachygaster (Fish: South Turkey); Musculista perfragilis (Mollusca, Bivalvia: South Turkey); Sepioteuthis lessoniana (Mollusca, Cephalopoda: central eastern coast of Tunisia); Hesionura serrata (Polychaeta: Apulian coast); Stephanolepis
diaspros (Fish: Saronikos Gulf, Aegean Sea); and Parvocalanus crassirostris (Crustacea, Copepoda: Lesvos Island, Greek Aegean Sea).
... Mar. Sci., 12/2, 2011, 491-508 494 In a review paper of alien marine species in the Mediterranean Sea (ZENETOS et al., 2010b) Hesionura serrata (Hartmann-Schroeder, 1960) is considered to be a casual taxon reported only for the Western basin. At present the species, described from the Red Sea by HARTMANN-SCHRÖDER (1960) was reported for the Suez Channel by BEN-ELIAHU (1972), and for the Western Mediterranean basin by CARDELL & MENDEZ (1996) along the coast of Barcelona. ...
... Mar. Sci., 12/2, 2011, 491-508 501 Burstatella leachii De Blainville, 1817 is a circumtropical opistobranch considered as an established and locally invasive alien species in the Mediterranean (ZENETOS et al., 2010b). It was reported in 1940 from the Palestine coast, then the species spread to the Levantine basin and later to the western Mediterranean (Sardinia and Spain) (ZENETOS et al., 2004;2010b) Although its original distribution includes both the Red Sea and the Atlantic, it is considered as one of the most widespread Lessepsian species as it is very common in the eastern Mediterranean (ZENETOS et al., 2010). ...
... Sci., 12/2, 2011, 491-508 501 Burstatella leachii De Blainville, 1817 is a circumtropical opistobranch considered as an established and locally invasive alien species in the Mediterranean (ZENETOS et al., 2010b). It was reported in 1940 from the Palestine coast, then the species spread to the Levantine basin and later to the western Mediterranean (Sardinia and Spain) (ZENETOS et al., 2004;2010b) Although its original distribution includes both the Red Sea and the Atlantic, it is considered as one of the most widespread Lessepsian species as it is very common in the eastern Mediterranean (ZENETOS et al., 2010). ...
The present work reports on recent biodiversity records of Mediterranean native species such as Olindias phosphorica in the Turkish Aegean Sea and extended distribution of eleven alien species in the Mediterranean. These are: Bursatella leachi (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Algeria); Callinectes sapidus (Crustacea, Decapoda: Greek Ionian Sea); Caprella scaura (Crustacea, Amphipoda: Mar Piccolo of Taranto); Fistularia commersonii (Fish: Saronikos Gulf, Aegean Sea); Sphoeroides pachygaster (Fish: South Turkey); Musculista perfragilis (Mollusca, Bivalvia: South Turkey); Sepioteuthis lessoniana (Mollusca, Cephalopoda: central eastern coast of Tunisia); Flabellina rubrolineata (Mollusca, opisthobranchia: central Aegean, Greece); Hesionura serrata (Polychaeta: Apulian coast); Stephanolepis diaspros (Fish: Saronikos Gulf, Aegean Sea); and Parvocalanus crassirostris (Crustacea, Copepoda: Lesvos Island, Greek Aegean Sea).
... By the year 2010, a total of 31 valid alien bivalve species were reported from Turkish coasts (Çınar et al., 2005;Albayrak & Çağlar, 2006;Çeviker & Albayrak, 2006;Mifsud & Ovalis, 2007;Zenetos et al., 2010). Number of alien bivalves significantly increases from the Black Sea towards the Levantine Sea as 2 species in the Black Sea, 4 species in the Sea of Marmara, 8 species in the Aegean Sea and 27 species in the Levantine Sea. ...
... This species was reported only from eastern part of the Levantine Sea by Çeviker (2001) and Zenetos et al. (2010) from İskenderun Bay and by Lamprell et al. (2001) from Taşucu and İskenderun Bay. ...
... Distribution Engl & Çeviker (1999), Çeviker (2001), Türkmen et al. (2004), Delongueville & Scaillet (2006a) and Zenetos et al. (2010) reported this invasive species only from İskenderun Bay in the easternmost Levantine Sea, Delongueville & Scaillet (2006b) from Karataş and İskenderun Bay. Lamprell et al. (2001) indicates only Mediterranean Sea off coast of Turkey without giving an exact sampling region. ...
Literature review revealed a total of 31 valid alien bivalve species reported from the seas surrounding Turkey. In this study, these species were documented and their distributions in Turkish coasts were explained. Introducing pathways and rates of alien bivalves were discussed.
This study presents the molluscan species diversity along the Turkish coasts. The compilation of the available references revealed a total of 1065 species belonging to 7 classes (Caudofoveata, Solenogastres, Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Scaphopoda, and Cephalopoda). Most of the reported species belong to the class Gastropoda (706 species), followed by Bivalvia (279 species), Cephalopoda (50 species), Polyplacophora (17 species), Scaphopoda (10 species), Caudofoveata (2 species), and Solenogastres (1 species). Among the coasts of Turkey, the highest number of molluscan species was recorded from the Aegean Sea (825 species), followed by the Levantine Sea (807 species), Sea of Marmara (537 species), and the Black Sea (155 species). Of the 1065 mollusc taxa, 118 species are alien ones that originated outside the Mediterranean Sea. Among the listed species, Timoclea roemeriana (Bivalvia), and Sepiola ligulata and Abraliopsis morisii (both from Cephalopoda) are new records for the Turkish mollusc fauna, 11 species of the classes Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, and Bivalvia (Leptochiton boettgeri, Cerithium protractum, Similiphora similior, Cerithiopsis diadema, Rissoa guerinii, Crepidula moulinsii, Crepidula unguiformis, Bela zenetouae, Doto coronata, Lima marioni, and Limaria loscombi) are new reports for the Levantine coast of Turkey, and 2 gastropod species (Acirsa subdecussata and Monotygma lauta) are new reports for the Aegean coast of Turkey. Among the listed taxa, 27 species have been classified in the IUCN Red List or Barcelona/Bern Conventions.
This study was performed to determine the molluscs distributed in Iskenderun Bay (Levantine Sea). For this purpose, the material collected from the area between the years 2005 and 2009, within the framework of different projects, was investigated. The investigation of the material taken from various biotopes ranging at depths between 0 and 100 m resulted in identification of 286 mollusc species and 27542 specimens belonging to them. Among the encountered species, Vitreolina cf. perminima (Jeffreys, 1883) is new record for the Turkish molluscan fauna and 18 species are being new records for the Turkish Levantine coast.
A checklist of Iskenderun mollusc fauna is given based on the present study and the studies carried out beforehand, and a total of 424 moluscan species are known to be distributed in Iskenderun Bay.
