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A method for the identification of different classes of volatile organic compounds in the municipal landfill leachate using solid phase microextraction and comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (SPME-GCxGC-qMS) is elaborated. The results showed that the proposed protocol is able to separate and identify in...
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Citations
... (2013) developed a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC × GC-qMS) for the identification of organic pollutants in landfill leachates, including PAEs, with preliminary solvent extraction [37]. Later, the same author used SPME [39] and DLLME [40] for the extraction procedure. Reliable and sensitive analytical methods are necessary for the determination and quantification of PAEs in leachate samples. ...
There is an increasing demand for automatic, reliable and sensitive analytical methods for determining trace levels of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in environmental samples. While on line coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography (LC-GC) has been proof to be a powerful tool for trace-level analyses in complex matrices, the present work presents a new totally automated on line LC-GC method, using the Through Oven Transfer Adsorption Desorption (TOTAD) interface, for the analysis of four of the main phthalates, dibuthyl phthalate (DBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), in a matrix as complex as leachate. The sample is directly injected into the LC injector valve with no sample pretreatment other than simple filtration. The LC step separates the target analytes from matrix interference. Two different LC fractions are collected in a purposely designed fraction collector and then transferred to the TOTAD interface, which concentrates the analytes, totally eliminates the solvent and transfers the analytes to the GC-MS system, where the analysis is carried out. The LOD of the method varied from 0.1 µg/L (DEHP) to 1.4 µg/L (DMP), RSD for retention time below 0.14% and for absolute peak areas below 12% and linearity from 1 µg/L to 1000 µg/L (R2 > 0.99), except in the case of DEHP (linearity from 1 to 250 µg/L, R2 = 0.94). The method was applied to the analysis of the target analytes in samples collected from a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in Rosario (Argentina).
... Nowadays, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry, becomes an attractive technique for analyzing the complex mixture of organic contaminants in various gaseous, liquid, or solid environmental samples, due to its high peak capacity which allows the separation of a huge number of compounds in one run (de Vos et al. 2011;Beldean-Galea et al. 2013;Prebihalo et al. 2015;Beldean-Galea et al. 2017;Muscalu and Górecki 2018;Ieda et al. 2019). Compared to the classical GC technique, which uses a single column for separation, GCxGC uses two columns with different polarities, coupled together through an interface called modulator whose role is to collect the compounds eluted from the first column, their concentration and re-injection in the second column for a new separation. ...
... In the last decade, the microextraction techniques in solidphase (Beldean-Galea et al. 2017) or liquid-phase (Hashemi et al. 2017) became convenient for sample pre-treatment because they only require small volumes of organic solvents or adsorbents to extract a wide variety of analytes from different matrices prior to instrumental analysis. ...
We propose a simple, fast, and inexpensive method for the analyses of 72 organic compounds in municipal landfill leachate, based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Forty-one organic compounds belonging to several classes including hydrocarbons, mono- and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, carbonyl compounds, terpenes, terpenoids, phenols, amines, and phthalates, covering a wide range of physicochemical properties and linked to municipal landfill leachate, were quantitatively determined. Another 31 organic compounds such as indoles, pyrroles, glycols, organophosphate flame retardants, aromatic amines and amides, pharmaceuticals, and bisphenol A have been identified based on their mass spectra. The developed method provides good performances in terms of extraction recovery (63.8–127%), intra-day and inter-day precisions (< 7.7 and < 13.9 respectively), linearity (R² between 0.9669 and 0.9999), detection limit (1.01–69.30 μg L⁻¹), quantification limit (1.87–138.6 μg L⁻¹), and enrichment factor (69.6–138.5). Detailed information on the organic pollutants contained in municipal landfill leachate could be obtained with this method during a 40-min analysis of a 4-mL leachate sample, using only 75 μL of extraction solvent.
