Figure - available from: Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
This content is subject to copyright. Terms and conditions apply.
Functional properties of gluten hydrolysates. A Comparison of solubility of gluten hydrolysate fractions in different pH (2, 4, 7, 10), B Comparison of emulsifying properties of gluten hydrolysate fractions, C Comparison of foaming properties of gluten hydrolysate fractions
Source publication
In this study, Biarum bovei extract was used to produce bioactive peptides from wheat gluten protein and the biological and functional properties of the hydrolysates were determinated. The results showed that Biarum bovei extract has its highest protease activity (7.3 U/mg protein) at 45 °C and pH 5. Based on electrophoresis analysis, the molecular...
Citations
... When compared to animal sources, plant-based raw materials are widely accepted by every faith worldwide, and plant-based BAPs are not restricted by religious or cultural biases [16]. As a by-product of the wheat starch industry, wheat gluten (WG), mostly composed of gliadins and glutenins and containing a high concentration of thiol groups, is an inexpensive and convenient source of protein utilized in bakery products, bioplastics, animal feed, and adhesives [1,[17][18][19]. Previous studies have shown that enzymatic hydrolysis could be applied in order to produce peptides with biological activity from WG [1,20]. ...
This study aimed to produce bioactive hydrolysates and peptide fractions from wheat gluten using Withania coagulans plant protease, and evaluate antioxidant and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitory activities. Plant samples were collected and protease was extracted and purified using precipitation with ammonium sulfate. The enzyme activity was measured (7.3 U/ml) and highest enzyme activity (82%) was observed at 45 °C and pH 5. Wheat gluten hydrolysis was performed for 6 h and the degree of hydrolysis was measured (6.51%). Fractionation of gluten hydrolysates was performed using ultrafiltration and four peptide fractions were obtained, F1 (MW < 3 kDa), F2 (3 < MW < 30 kDa) and F3 (30 < MW < 100 kDa) and F4 (MW > 100 kDa). The highest solubility at pH 4 was exhibited by the F4 fraction. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was demonstrated by the F1 fraction. The highest value for angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitory activity was obtained for the F2 fraction. Our results showed that wheat gluten hydrolysis with Withania coagulans protease was an effective approach in order to generate bioactive hydrolysates and peptides, which could then be added to functional foods formulations and pharmaceutical products.
... While, B. bovei, as an endemic species to Iraqi Kurdistan, has not yet been explored for its phytochemical, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Furthermore, B. bovei aqueous extract has significantly improved bio-functionality of the prepared gluten hydrolysates as shown significant antioxidant, ACE enzyme reduction, antidiabetic and antimicrobial actions [11,12]. Literature studies on the Biarum species confirmed the effectiveness of this plant against several oxidative stress related diseases [13,14]. ...
... The chemical profiling of BBE showed a significant amount of fatty acids, phytosterols, alcohols, hydrocarbons, and terpenoids, that were commonly known as antioxidants [32]. Accordingly, scientists have shown the antioxidant actions of BBE in different essays, DPPH (65.85 ± 2.64 µmol TE/g), and ABTS (295.81 µmol TE/g) [11]. Similar antioxidant actions from B. straussii [9] and B. carduchrum [33] were previously reported. ...
Background
The Biarum species (Kardeh) has been consumed as a traditional functional food and medicine for decades. The current study investigates the phytochemistry, in-vitro and in-vivo bioactivities of methanol extracts of B. bovei.
Methods
The Gas-chromatography mass spectrophotometer (GS/GS-MS) was used to analyze the phytochemical profile of the methanol extracts of B. bovei leaves and corms. The B. bovei extracts (BBE) were also investigated for in-vitro antioxidant, anticancer, and in-vivo acute toxicity (2000 mg/kg) activities.
Results
The chemical profiling of BBE revealed mainly fatty acids, phytosterol, alcohols, and hydrocarbon compounds. Namely, Linoleic acid, eliadic acid, palmitic acid, 22,23-dihydro-stigmasterol, and campesterol. The antioxidant activity of BBE ranged between 0.24–3.85 μg TE/mL based on different assays. The extracts also exhibited significant anticancer activity against DU-145 (prostate cancer cells), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), and HeLa (human cervical cancer) cell lines with IC50 values ranging between 22.73–44.24 μg/mL. Rats fed on 2000 mg/kg dosage of BBE showed absence of any toxicological sign or serum biochemical changes.
Conclusion
The detected phytochemicals and bioactivities of BBE scientifically backup the folkloric usage as an important source of nutraceuticals and alternative medicine for oxidative stress-related diseases and carcinogenesis inhibition.
