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This study introduces a method using a multi-goal fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and multi-criteria decision making based on sensitivity analysis to assess the risks associated with working accidents in underground collieries. Safety, stoppage in operation, and operational and capital costs are considered as the main goals during the FCM process with si...
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This study aims to evaluate service quality performance of major LCCs (Low Cost Carriers) in Europe by the MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision Making) methodology. In addition it focuses on managerial business models and includes the international airline service providers that have applied the cost leadership strategy. In the study passenger reviews bas...
Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs) are very flexible tool to cope with the uncertainty arises in multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems. In recent times, MCDM problems with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy information have achieved more attention from researchers in different areas and consequently, several MCDM methods...
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... Moreover, in our opinion, all components may share in the determination of sensitivity. However, it cannot be said that this issue has been discussed comprehensively and in depth enough in the literature [17,18]. ...
In general, a stable and strong system shouldn't have an overly sensitive/dependent response to inputs (unless consciously and planned desired), as this would reduce efficiency. As in other techniques, approaches, and methodologies, if the results are excessively affected when the input parameters change in MCDM methods, this situation is identified with sensitivity analyses. Oversensitivity is generally accepted as a problem in the MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision Making) methodology family, which has more than 200 members according to the current literature. The MCDM family is not just a weight coefficient-sensitive methodology. MCDM types can also be sensitive to many different calculation parameters such as data type, normalization, fundamental equation, threshold value, preference function, etc. Many studies to understand the degree of sensitivity simply monitor whether the ranking position of the best alternative changes. However, this is incomplete for understanding the nature of sensitivity, and more evidence is undoubtedly needed to gain insight into this matter. Observing the holistic change of all alternatives compared to a single alternative provides the researcher with more reliable and generalizing evidence, information, or assumptions about the degree of sensitivity of the system. In this study, we assigned a fixed reference point to measure sensitivity with a more robust approach. Thus, we took the distance to the fixed point as a base reference while observing the changeable MCDM results. We calculated sensitivity to normalization, not just sensitivity to weight coefficients. In addition, past MCDM studies accept existing data as the only criterion in sensitivity analysis and make generalizations easily. To show that the model proposed in this study is not a coincidence, in addition to the graphics card selection problem, an exploratory validation was performed for another problem with a different set of data, alternatives, and criteria. We comparatively measured sensitivity using the relationship between MCDM-based performance and the static reference point. We statistically measured the sensitivity with four types of weighting methods and 7 types of normalization techniques with the PROBID method. The striking result, confirmed by 56 different MCDM ranking findings, was this: In general, if the sensitivity of an MCDM method is high, the relationship of that MCDM method to a fixed reference point is low. On the other hand, if the sensitivity is low, a high correlation with the reference point is produced. In short, uncontrolled hypersensitivity disrupts not only the ranking but also external relations, as expected.
Keywords: Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), Sensitivity analysis, Graphics card selection
... Frequently, attempts have been made to measure the effect of changing the weight coefficients of the criteria on the sensitivity of the ranking. But instead of the entire ranking, it is generally checked whether the order of the best alternatives in the literature has changed [18]. Although sensitivity to weight coefficients is mentioned in the literature, sensitivity analysis can cover all MCDM components. ...
It is not a desirable situation when input parameters excessively affect the
results of a system as well as imply unwarranted drift and inefficiency. This
situation, which expresses dependence or sensitivity to inputs, is also
considered a problem in the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)
methodology family, which has more than 200 members. A newly produced
MCDM method is first subjected to sensitivity tests. MCDM methods are
generally evaluated for their sensitivity to weighting methods. Sensitivity is
affected by many different parameters such as data, normalization,
fundamental equation, and distance type. The common methodical approach
for sensitivity analysis is to check whether the best alternative changes with
the alteration of weight coefficients. It is problematic to identify sensitivity
only in the situation where the ranking position of the best alternative
changes. In this study, the sensitivity of the entire ranking is based on a
holistic view. Moreover, in the classical method, there is no reference point
for sensitivity. Each different MCDM result is compared to each other and it is
claimed that the method that produces rankings that are significantly
different from the others is poor. We reinterpret sensitivity using the
relationship between dynamic MCDM-based performance and static price
towards the selection of an environmentally friendly, traffic-saving
performance electric scooter. Two PROBID variants as well as the CODAS
method are used in this study to deepen the accuracy in the comparison.
Additionally, how four types of weighting methods and six types of
normalization types affected MCDM sensitivity is measured with a different
statistical framework. The finding from a total of 72 different MCDM rankings
is striking: If the sensitivity of an MCDM method is generally high, the
correlation between that MCDM method and the external anchor (price) is
low. Conversely, if sentiment is low, a high correlation with price results.
These matching patterns are a unique discovery of this work.
... Although it is not verified, the basic approach of sensitivity analysis states that, if the position or place of the alternatives in the ranking fluctuates too much while the weight coefficients of the criteria change, this may imply the weakness of the method. Because an MCDA method must be consistent and stable to a certain extent against the changes in weight coefficients, it is expected that an MCDA method will not deviate readily [6][7][8][9][10]. In this study, sensitivity to the weight coefficients was interpreted from a different perspective. ...
... Then, the criteria weights should be calculated according to the previously chosen technique and the weighted and normalized matrix should be created via Equation (8). ...
Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) applications consist of techniques that enable the decision maker to make clearer decisions in scenarios where there is more than one alternative and criterion. The general approach for sensitivity analysis in MCDA applications implies sensitivity to the weight coefficient. In this study, as an alternative approach, we reinterpret sensitivity by using the statistical relationship between the final ranking produced by an MCDA method and a constant external factor. Thus, we both verify through an anchor and reveal to what extent the change in the weight coefficient changes the external relations of MCDA. The motivation for this study is to propose an alternative sensitivity methodology. On the other hand, brand value is a parameter that contains critical information about the future of the company, which has not integrated into financial performance studies made with MCDAs before. To that end, the financial performance of 31 companies with the highest brand value in Turkey and trading on Borsa Istanbul between 2013 and 2022 was analyzed with seven different MCDA applications via integrating brand value into the criteria for the first time. The study's findings revealed that the proposed innovative sensitivity tests produced similarly robust results as traditional tests. In addition, brand value has been proved to be an advantageous criterion to be implemented into MCDAs for financial performance problems through the sensitivity analysis made.
... In addition to the descriptions above, the possibility theory and experts' opinions based on fuzzy logic [28,36,37] as well as FCMs are suitable for decreasing uncertainties and updating the probability of events and their consequences in event scenarios. FCMs have been used in various studies for advanced risk assessment in complex and dynamic systems [38], assessment of influential factors in accidents [39], failure prioritization in systems [40], assessment of resilience engineering factors in high-risk environments [41], risk perception determination [42], assessment of risk factors for garlic cancer [43], selection of a suitable site for mineral processing plants [44], prediction of the reputation risk for pharmaceutical supply chains [45], identification of potentially dangerous effects of pesticides on the environment [46], and assessment of the potential risks of workplace accidents in underground mining [47]. ...
The present study aimed to perform a dynamic risk assessment of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in spherical storage tanks using the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) method. The “LPG release from spherical storage tank” scenario was determined to be a top event based on the risk level. The causes and consequences of this scenario were then specified using the Bow-Tie method. Additionally, fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) was utilized to identify the most critical threats, consequences, and effective barriers in a dynamic approach. Results showed that fracture/rupture in pipelines/a storage tank due to fire had the highest output degree and was identified as the most influential threat in the occurrence of the LPG release. Fatality/injury due to fire and explosion had the highest input degree and was more influenced by the release of LPG as the main consequence in the selected scenario. The findings of this study enabled us to make a logical decision about effective barriers for avoiding and minimizing the release of LPG and its threats and consequences based on the fuzzy cognitive map. Moreover, the results of this study showed that the FCM method could determine the most critical nodes with a higher degree and represent their relationships.
... Hatefi and Tamošaitien_ e [91] examined how different risk factors in construction projects are interconnected and evaluated overall risks. Bakhtavar and Yousefi [92] focused on the risks of working accidents in underground collieries. Kazaz, Erbas [93] looked at the trends of occupational accidents in different cities to identify the level of risk. ...
The statistics pertaining to accidents occurring at construction sites underscore the pressing requirement for a substantial and timely reevaluation of safety measures within the construction sector. Accidents do not occur randomly; rather, they arise from the presence of unsafe actions, hazardous conditions, or a combination of both. The majority of accidents stem from a combination of contributing causes, including unsafe acts and conditions. To enhance safety performance on a broader scale, this study undertakes an extensive analysis to identify these causes, evaluate their importance, and determine the countries that are most and least impacted by them. Ten African countries were selected as potential alternatives based on the frequency of infrastructure construction projects. A thorough review of existing literature was conducted to establish a three-level criteria framework. The framework was further refined through the Modified Delphi method to gather expert opinions. The weights assigned to the criteria were determined using the interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy analytical hierarchy process methodology. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method under the same fuzzy environment was then employed to rank the alternative countries. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to assess the robustness of the proposed methodology. The analysis revealed that the main cause of accidents was attributed to poor management, as it included ineffective project supervision, inadequate safety policies, poor organizational structure, and inappropriate scheduling/planning as the main underlying sub-factors. Additionally, it was observed that the sixth alternative country exhibited the highest susceptibility to accidents occurring at construction sites.
... As a valuable asset accumulated by mines in the process of dealing with actual safety risks, the use of intelligent analysis tools to fully explore the information of the laws implied in safety production data and realize the in-depth utilization of safety data assets has become an effective means to strengthen the pertinence and scientificity of safety management and control. Current research on the in-depth utilization of safety production data mainly focuses on safety status assessment and prediction [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], safety risk identification and analysis [15][16][17][18], and safety risk pre-control [19][20][21]. Wu et al. [22] established a mine safety supervision capability evaluation index system consisting of a target layer, a criterion layer, and a sub-criterion layer, and identified effective measures that could improve the efficiency of safety supervision by determining the weights of each index and combining the accident causation 2-4 model. ...
In view of the new situation faced by safety risk management in underground metal mines, based on a comprehensive analysis of the current situation of mine safety management business and system construction requirements, the main functional modules, overall architecture, and data interaction mode of the intelligent safety risk analysis and decision-making system were analyzed and designed. On the basis of elaborating the implementation process of the main functional modules of the system, such as multi-source safety information collection and governance, and safety risk intelligence analysis and visualization, a safety risk intelligence analysis and decision-making system was constructed, which provided efficient and real-time intelligent application and analysis services for safety in the production of underground metal mines and realized the whole process information management of collection, aggregation, processing, analysis, and visual display of multi-source mine safety risk information. The application of the system has made an essential change in the mode of mine safety risk management, realizing the active safety management goal of shifting safety risk management from post-analysis to pre-prevention, helping to improve the pertinence and efficiency of safety risk management, and greatly reducing the risk of mine safety accidents.
... Coal is one of the main fossil fuels used across the globe, especially in developing countries [1]. It meets 54% and 60% energy demand of two major coal producing countries of the world, India and China, respectively [2][3][4]. ...
Heat stress in underground coal mines is a major threat to the health and safety of the miners. Hence, managing heat
and prediction of heat stress in advance is essential for maintaining a safe, healthy, and productive underground mine
environment. In this study, an extensive ventilation survey has been carried out in three different deep and mechanized
underground coal mines. The ventilation survey data are used to develop 3D simulation models with the VentSim™
software to predict the conditions that could cause heat stress in underground mine workings. The developed 3D models
predicted well the wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), a recognized indicator of potential heat stress, with a coefficient
of determination (R2) of 0.986, 0.994, and 0.993 for Mine-A, Mine-B, and Mine-C, respectively. Moreover, through 3D
modelling, the applications of auxiliary ventilation and spot coolers to reduce the wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) for
improving the underground workplace environment have been explored. The study demonstrated that auxiliary ventilation
and spot coolers can help in significant reduction of heat stress conditions in an underground mine environment. By
application of auxiliary ventilation, to increase air volumes, and spot coolers, the WBGT index in mining faces is reduced
by 1.2–1.4 °C and 3.9–5.4 °C, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the spot coolers are more effective in reducing
the heat stress conditions in hot and humid underground mine environments in comparison with auxiliary fan that is used
to increase the air volume and velocity. This study opens up a new horizon of 3D simulations for heat stress management
in underground mines. The outcome of this study will be useful for the researchers, mine operators, and environmentalists
understanding the heat stress contributors and their control in underground mine environment.
... FCM can depict all causal relationships according to criteria and effectively weigh criteria by considering causal relationships and their dependence . FCMs have attracted much attention in recent years, and applications have demonstrated extraordinary abilities, including identifying brain tumors (Papageorgiou et al. 2008), predicting time series (Papageorgiou and Poczęta 2017), assessing workplace accident risks in underground collieries (Bakhtavar and Yousefi 2018), determining the degree of celiac disease (Amirkhani et al. 2018), and root barriers management in developing renewable energy resources (Jahangoshai . ...
Evaluating and selecting proper suppliers in the healthcare centers due to their high impact on the financial situation and citizens’ satisfaction is vital. The abundance of various criteria affecting the Supplier Selection (SS) problem makes it a decision-making problem. To this end, an approach according to the Bargaining Game-based Fuzzy Cognitive Map (BG-FCM) and mixed-motive games has been proposed for simultaneously modeling the SS complexity and suppliers’ competition in the market. First, according to the BG-FCM, the causal relationships between SS criteria have been determined. Then, by implementing Particle Swarm Optimization and the S-shaped transfer function (PSO-STF) and scenario-making, the BG-FCM is executed to extract robust payoffs for suppliers to compete. The competition between suppliers is modeled by mixed-motive games and their robust payoffs to determine their best strategies in the competition. Finally, suppliers compete with each other two by two, and suppliers with the most wins will have higher priority. The proposed approach has been applied in a general hospital to evaluate major suppliers for purchasing necessities. Then, it is compared with two well-known Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approaches, showing a better performance in modeling the complexity and competition in the problem. The proposed approach can help the hospital select the most appropriate suppliers according to its preferences and avoid cooperating with inappropriate suppliers, which may cause a low-quality Supply Chain (SC) system or financial calamities.
... The working environment is extremely damp, weak, resp. not ventilated; the workplace is illuminated only by lamps [34]. ...
The presented article deals with the use and evaluation of individual risks of work in the environment of Slovak mining company. The mining company is also a manufacturing company. The company mines the raw material and the final product (clinker). The main goal of the article is to monitor the incidence of accidents over the last 10 years, to analyse the group of risks that have a significant impact on accidents in mining companies and to evaluate them. The Risk Matrix, shows the relationship between estimated consequences and probability of risks formation. The next step is to use the workplace Risk Assessment Method to define acceptable risks and minimize the impact on workers. Another method we used is the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) model. The output of the FTA model is the creation of a faulty tree, which resulted in the individual traumatized accidents that resulted in the definition of the resulting risk - namely a load injury.
... FMEA adalah alat keandalan rekayasa yang membantu mendefenisiskan, mengidentifikasi, memprioritaskan, dan menghilangkan kegagalan yang diketahui dan/atau potesial dari sistem, desain, atau proses manufaktur sebelum mencapai pelanggan [2] . FMEA telah diadopsi secara luas untuk meningkatkan keamanan dan keandalan sistem [3] dan untuk perbaikan berkelanjutan dalam desain produk atau proses [4] di berbagai bidang, misalnya tenaga angin [5], makanan [6], kesehatan [7], kain [8], konstruksi [9], dan pertambangan [10]. Saat ini, FMEA sudah banyak digunakan di beberapa sektor jasa dan manufaktur untuk menghilangkan kegagalan dan masalah potensial melalaui evaluasi mode kegagalan, baik yang berupa produk, proses, sistem baru atau yang sudah ada [11]. ...
Palm Oil Mill is an industry that processes Fresh Fruit Bunches into Crude Palm Oil. The processing is supported by the use of several production machines, one of them is a sterilizer machine that works to boil TBS. Damage to the sterilizer machine can reduce the level of productivity. To overcome the occurrence of such damage, it is necessary to analyze the damage that occurred. Damage analysis was carried out using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis and Caused and Effect Diagram approaches. From the results of observations and interviews, there are 3 types of damage that often occur. Of the three damages, the type of error that needs to be corrected immediately is based on the value of the Risk Priority Number (RPN), namely damage to the leaky rubber packing door with an RPN value of 85.65. Meanwhile, other types of damage are Leaking Inlet Pipes and detached Aluminum Pipes which have RPN values of 52.48 and 28.9. Based on the analysis of the causes of damage to the rubber packing door, the company can make improvements to the maintenance system, use quality materials, training and socialization, budgeting costs, and monitoring work methods
