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This article presents the results of a field experiment investigating the energy efficiency of
grain produced by a semi-dwarf genotype of winter triticale at different levels of agricultural inputs. The energy efficiency of winter triticale grain production was evaluated in two low-input and two high-input cultivation practices that differed in the...
Poslednjih decenija zemljište je izloženo intenzivnom antropogenom uticaju. U agroekološkim uslovima Vojvodine ne postoji dovoljno istraživanja o uticaju zaoravanja međuuseva na sadržaj labilne organske materije (HWOC). Istraživanje je imalo za cilj da utvrdi uticaj plodosmene različitih vrsta ozimih međuuseva i jarih kultura gajenih u naknadnom ro...
The paper presents the comparative assessment results of 53 collection samples of winter hexaploid triticale of various ecological and geographical origin using traditional statistical methods and methods of complex indices ( Jk ), perspectivity indices ( Jp ), ecological plasticity ( Jsp ), Finno-Scandinavian ( FSJ ), Mexican ( Mi ), and adaptive...
Citations
... However, the microstructure further showed some homogenous deposits of crystallites on the coating. The incorporation of the synthesized CaO has also revealed some porous regions and very fine layers on the coatings [26]. Similarly, MnO2 addition to the coating resulted in fine crystal structures and the overall surface morphology. ...
Zinc has attracted significant attention in research due to its cost-effective use as an electrodeposited material, effectively protecting various types of steel from corrosion and wear. However, despite its advantages, zinc has limitations in fully guarding steel against corrosion. Recent studies propose that blending zinc with other metals during the coating process can proficiently shield mild steel from deterioration. The motivation for this study stems from recognizing the restrictions of zinc electrodeposition and the limited exploration of zinc multi-facet composite coatings for mild steel. In this study, the electrodeposition technique was employed to apply a coating to mild steel using zinc and nanoparticles of calcium oxide (CaO) and manganese oxide (MnO2). The coating bath's chemical composition included mass variations of 0-12 g/L for CaO and MnO2, along with 10 g/L each of boric acid, thiourea, and Na2SO4, and 15 g/L of K2SO4 and ZnSO4. The coating process occurred over a twenty-minute period, with a pH of 4.8, voltage set at 3.2V, current density at 1 A/cm², temperature at 47°C, and stirring rate at 200 rpm. Results obtained from the coated mild steel demonstrated that Zn-6CaO-6MnO2 exhibited the greatest coating thickness at 0.2308 mm, and it showcased impressive corrosion resistance at 2.0618 mm/year. The Zn-CaO-MnO2 coating displayed a substantial deposit of crystallites in its microstructure, assisted by the presence of manganese, contributing to a smoother surface texture.
... By applying phytogenic NPs, one can control how plants respond to abiotic stress through their signalling mechanisms. It has been demonstrated that triggering calcium-mediated stress reaction paths in Triticale callus tissues is a useful tactic for reducing the harmful effects of salt stress (Yazıcılar et al., 2021). The Punica granatum fruit extract is used to create these NPs. ...
Agriculture productivity is severely hampered by salinity stress in many parts of the world, including the Ararat Plain in Armenia. The need for food security is growing worldwide, and new strategies are essential to meet this challenge. In the context of the Ararat Plain, this paper examines the potential utility and promising role of biogenic nanoparticles (NPs) and biochar in reducing salinity stress, boosting crop resilience, and guaranteeing sustainable food production. This paper involves the mechanisms underlying salinity stress, as well as the properties and synthesis of biogenic nanoparticles and biochar, and their applications in increasing plant salinity tolerance. The potential application of biogenic nanoparticles and biochar to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on crops, soil, and water resources has been recently illustrated by several case studies and research findings. Additionally, we go over the safety issues, environmental implications, and potential applications of biogenic nanoparticles and biochar in sustainable agriculture on the Ararat Plain and elsewhere. This paper advances our knowledge of innovative strategies for addressing salinity stress and improving food security in areas with comparable problems.
... All images were obtained at the same depth. 21,22 2.4 Photosynthetic pigment measurements and gas exchange parameter measurements Photosynthetic pigments were estimated by following the standard method, 23 using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi F-4600, Japan). Similarly, the analysis of gas exchange parameters was performed by using a portable photosynthesis apparatus LI-COR 6400XT. ...
... Confocal microscopy is primarily used for imaging at the cellular and subcellular level; it can be adapted to identify nano-sized structures with appropriate modifications and techniques. 22,32 These techniques include resolution enhancement techniques, multiphoton excitation, fluorescence labeling, nanoscale imaging probes, superresolution techniques and functional imaging. The results obtained are consistent with the confocal microscopy of CaO NP results from previous studies. ...
... The results obtained are consistent with the confocal microscopy of CaO NP results from previous studies. 22,[31][32][33] In the current study, the fluorescent dye allowed us to clearly trace the entry of Ca-NPs and their distribution within the leaf tissue. According to the data, Ca-NPs accumulated inside the rapeseed leaf tissues. ...
Nanotechnology has been widely used in agriculture to improve plant growth and stress tolerance.
... Although, proline has the potential to mitigate the damages of high salinity in salt-susceptible plants such as legumes and cereal species. However, soluble sugars are known as signal molecules and osmotic regulators, and they contribute to many developmental and metabolic pathways of plants (Yazıcılar et al. 2021). On the other hand, the identification of genes encoding a class of transcription factors regarding the maintenance of ion homeostasis called salt overly sensitive has been suggested to mediate cellular signaling to improve the plants tolerance to salt stress. ...
Alfalfa, which is one of the most important forages, suffers from salt stress that dips its productivity. In the current survey, some biochemical parameters such as proline, soluble sugar, Na⁺, K⁺ contents, and the expressions levels of SOS1, SERK1, and WEE1 genes were studied in the NaCl stress response of callus cells belonging to the various alfalfa genotypes (Ömer Bey, Elçi, and Muş). The callus developed from leaf explants was grown onto the co-culture medium containing MS basal and different NaCl levels (50, 80, and 110 mM) for 3, 6, and 9 months in a growth chamber at 28 °C and 16/8 h photoperiod conditions. In sum, the important characteristics of callus were determined among the genotypes in terms of NaCl resistance. Overall, proline content peaked at 110 mM NaCl, as well as, the greatest and lowest proline amounts were observed in the Ömer Bey genotype within a period time of 9 months. Additionally, it showed an upward trend in resistance to the soaring NaCl concentration. Although, compared to the controls, the content the soluble sugar of each genotype moved upward at the salt applications and throughout the experimental periods (3, 6, and 9 months). According to the data, not only, the K⁺/Na⁺ ratio uplifted in parallel with a rise in salt concentrations in all genotypes but also in Ömer bey genotype, especially at high salt 80 and 110 mM NaCl doses, a downward tendency was observed. The provided presentation of gene expression analysis outlined the data on expresses of SOS1, SERK1, and WEE1 genes were a ceiling trend under 50 mM NaCl in the three genotypes and a descending trend at 80 and 110 mM NaCl compared to their controls. In conclusion, the data suggest that the expression levels of these genes are effective in promoting the alfalfa callus cells in response to salt stress induced by NaCl.
... The wide angle XRD pattern for tetragonal phase of BaO showed the reflections at 2θ = 19.6º, 23 [39]. The cubic phase of CeO 2 as confirmed by the presence of the characteristic peaks observed at 2θ = 28.83º, ...
Purpose Effectual waste utilization from plant as well as marine biomass has gained tremendous importance with reference to sustainability. The valorization of marine biomass produces value added compounds containing not only C, H, O but also renewable N atom in the skeleton which widens the scope for its exploration which may prove to be economically beneficial to the society. Heterogeneous catalytic transformation of marine biomass i.e. N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) to N-substituted aromatic heterocyclic furan derivatives is reported for the very first time. Cost effective and stable metal oxide catalysts were deployed for the transformation. Catalyst screening study showed that La2O3 was found to be an excellent catalyst for N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) dehydration which mainly produced 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). Methods The physicochemical properties of the metal oxide catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, MeOH-FTIR, TPD, SEM, N2 sorption studies and HR-TEM analysis for structure activity relationship. Results The effect of various reaction parameters such as catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and solvent effect on dehydration of N-acetyl glucosamine has been studied in detail for higher yields. The results revealed that the presence of weak basic sites which are Brønsted in nature and nano pores present on the surface were responsible for improved dehydration of the chitin biomass to selectively yield 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). La2O3 catalyst showed optimum 50% 3AF yield from N-acetyl glucosamine at 180 °C in 3 h. Conclusion Efficacious exploitation of marine biomass to value added chemicals using heterogeneous catalysts can be extensively exploited. Separation of N-substituted heterocyclic aromatics is the most innovative aspect of the current study. Thus, utilization of heterogeneous catalyst and renewable biomass as a raw material indicates a transition towards more sustainable and greener approach.
Graphical Abstract
With reference to valorization of biomass waste towards sustainability. We report for the first time heterogeneous catalytic transformation of marine biomass i.e. N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) over La2O3 catalyst to yield 50% 3-acetamido furan (3AF) and 20% 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran with 100% NAG conversion. The superior performance of La2O3 catalyst was attributed to the presence of brønsted basicity and nanopores present at catalysts surface.
... Our results showed that calcium nanoparticles did not have a significant effect on the fungal growth of S. rolfsii in laboratory experiments, but they achieved an impressive effect in inhibiting it inside the plant. This may be due to the fact that Ca 2+ is the essential regulator in many developmental and adaptive mechanisms in plants since it is involved in several biological activities, including cell proliferation, intracellular signaling, resisting abiotic stress, and plant-pathogen interactions (Yazıcılar et al., 2021). 4.6. ...
... Triticale is grown for its human and animal feed and cold resistance, higher growth performance, and tolerance to many abiotic stresses (10 Moreover, it was to determine the degrees of the antioxidant system in the triticale samples. ...
Cite: Bezirganoglu I, Yazıcılar B, Chang L Y,. Salicylic acid improves somatic embryogenesis in callus derived from mature embryos of triticale. Eurasian Mol Biochem Sci 2023;2(1): 14-18. Abstract The main aim of this study was to define impacts of salicylic acid (SA) on the somatic embryo formation ratio in triticale. Mature embryos, obtained from seeds, were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1 and 2mM SA + 1 mg mL-1 2,4-D. SA promoted the somatic embryo formation ratio in both concentrations. Green spots were seen on the callus tissues and developed easily in the SA media. Some physiological changes were assayed in both somatic embryos and callus tissues. The results demonstrated that H2O2 and MDA were promoted in somatic embryo tissues. In outcome, it was considered in this study that in vitro SA might be used to increase somatic embryo number in callus samples of triticale.
... This study demonstrated that growth, photosynthetic pigment, fresh, and dry weight of seedlings was significantly increased at low concentrations of CPNMs. In another experiment, the impact of calcium nanomaterials on the callus of the wheat plant under short-and long-term salt stress was studied by Yazıcılar et al. (2021). This study showed that the calcium oxide (CaO) nanomaterials might be crucial in maintaining the nutrient content in the plant in response to salt stress. ...
... This study showed that the calcium oxide (CaO) nanomaterials might be crucial in maintaining the nutrient content in the plant in response to salt stress. It was demonstrated that the treatment of CaO nanomaterials can significantly reduce the undesirable effects in wheat callus under salt stress (Yazıcılar et al., 2021). ...
Abiotic stress such as salt stress has a detrimental impact on agricultural crops worldwide. Salt stress–induced oxidative stress causes many physiological and metabolic modulations in plants. The plants can tackle ionic toxicity up to certain limits using various tolerance strategies and then survive. However, if the dose of salt stress is high, most of the plants may not be able to come back against salt stress. Nanobiotechnology is important with a wide variety of applications in agriculture. Nanotechnology can be used as an alternative strategy to increase crop productivity. A wide diversity of nanomaterials such as inorganic, organic, and hybrid nanomaterials is efficiently involved in salt stress management in different plant systems. Various nanomaterials restored the plant growth, which mediated by the increase of the content of photosynthetic pigments, high activity of the antioxidant system, and regulated metabolism in plants under salt stress. In this chapter, we have discussed the current developments in nanobiotechnology research with the application of various nanomaterials related to salt stress management and modulation of crop yield.
... Alfalfa is one of the significant forage plants which is commonly used in animal feed due to its high protein, carbohydrate, and vitamins in many regions. It is a well-known forage queen and crops domesticated in ancient times by humans (Nofouzi et al., 2019;Yazıcılar et al., 2021). Turkey has been considered the secondary center of genes for alfalfa crops. ...
... Therefore, the optimization of in vitro conditions can be beneficial for the genetic enhancement of alfalfa. The culture medium optimization can be affected by many traits, such as explant sources, genotype, growth conditions and medium composition (Yazıcılar et al., 2021). The combination of cytokinins and auxins promoted callus induction in a number of plant species (Choudhry et al., 2014). ...
Alfalfa is a forage crop that accounts for one of the best sources of protein and is commonly grown all over the world. In vitro callus and embryogenic induction of alfalfa have been investigated previously; however, most of the investigations were almost limited with callus formation. In this study, leaves of 5 Medicago sativa L. cultivars (Alsancak, Sazova, Plato Iside, and Bilensoy) have been used. Influences of culture medium contents and hormones applications on callus and embryogenic callus induction were determined to optimize in vitro culture mediums of alfalfa (0.0125 g kinetin 2,4 D 1 mg mL-1; 1 g kinetin 2,4 D 1 mg mL-1 ; 0.25 g kinetin 2,4 D 2 mg mL-1; 0.5 g kinetin 2,4 D 2 mg mL-1). Callus formation was detected at a rate of 74% in 5 different cultivars used in the experiment. The five alfalfa cultivars were classified into four categories in terms of embryogenic differentiation capacity. The tested alfalfa cultivars varied in their callus formation and embryogenic callus differentiation. Sazova, Alsancak, and Bilensoy were detected for better callus formation; similarly, the same cultivars responded with better embryogenic callus formation in the culture mediums including various hormone concentrations. The present study shows that our methods have beneficial impacts on the somatic embryo induced by alfalfa. However, it depends strongly on genotype, hormone concentrations and the other medium components.
... The MDA lowest activity was found to 1/2 ppm CaO+0.5/1.5 ppm GO (0.0662 mg/g FW) in the Konya cultivar while the lowest activity was found 1.5 ppm GO (0.0516 mg/g FW) in Erzurum cultivar (Figure 2). (Yazıcılar et al. 2021). ...
Günümüzde enerji kadar önemli bir diğer problem de gelişen teknolojinin, artan nüfus ve yaşam standartlarının en önemli sonucu olan artan atık miktarıdır. Kentlerde oluşan atıklar, şehrin nüfus yoğunluğuna ve bölgenin tüketim alışkanlıklarına bağlı olarak değişmektedir. İçerisinde sıvı ve gaz atıkların bulunmadığı kentsel katı atıkları düzenli depolama alanları kullanarak hem bertaraf etmek hem de enerji elde etmek mümkündür. Çünkü katı atıklar biyolojik olarak bozunmakta ve bozunma sonucunda ortama %45-60 oranında metan, %40-60 oranında karbondioksit gazı salmaktadır. Depo gazı olarak da tanımlanan bu gazın potansiyeli, ülke nüfusunun ortalama 84 milyon, kişi başı atık miktarının ortalama 1,13 kg olduğu göz önüne alınırsa ne kadar yüksek olduğu aşikardır. Bu nedenle tüketimin ana sebebi olan insanoğlu doğada var olduğu sürece, kentsel katı atıklar sürdürülebilir bir enerji kaynağıdır. Bu çalışmada; 2020 yılı TUİK verileri kullanılarak her geçen gün artan düzenli katı atık depolama alanlarımızdan elde edilebilecek depo gazının güncel enerji potansiyeli araştırılmış ve diğer enerji kaynakları ile karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır.
