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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectral profiles show various functional groups along with their different modes of vibrations available in the BNS.
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Advancement and development in bone tissue engineering, particularly that of composite scaffolds, are of great importance for bone tissue engineering. We have synthesized polymeric matrix using biopolymer (β-glucan), acrylic acid, and nano-hydroxyapatite through free radical polymerization method. Bioactive nanocomposite scaffolds (BNSs) were fabri...
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... acrylic acid was grafted into β-glucan through the free-radical polymerization process and, n-HAp has been trapped into the polymeric matrix of grafted BG during the reaction. Figure 2 shows the spectral peaks at 1093 cm −1 are described triply degenerated P-O stretching [37]. Whereas, peaks at 603 and 569 cm −1 describes the bending mode of O-P-O. ...
Context 2
... vibration at 412 cm −1 is the characteristic of silver and hydroxyl (OH − ) has a steric effect on coordination between oxygen (O) and Ag-particles, the electronegativity of oxygen is higher due to its donating ability [45]. The absorption bands from 3600 to 3100 cm −1 (Figure 2) attribute to the hydroxyl stretching vibrations. The absorption at 2950-2850 cm −1 expresses the aliphatic C-H stretching vibration. ...
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Skeletal disorders represent a variety of degenerative diseases that affect bone and cartilage homeostasis. The regenerative capacity of bone is affected in osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone fractures, congenital defects, and bone cancers. There is no viable, non-invasive treatment option and bone regeneration requires surgical intervention with the implantation of bone grafts. Incorporating nanoparticles in bone grafts have improved fracture healing by providing fine structures for bone tissue engineering. It is currently a revolutionary finding in the field of regenerative medicine. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered particular attention due to their well-known anti-microbial and potential osteoinductive properties. In addition, AgNPs have been demonstrated to regulate the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) involved in bone regeneration. Furthermore, AgNPs have shown toxicity towards cancer cells derived from bone. In the last decade, there have been multiple studies focusing on the effect of nanoparticles on the proliferation and/or differentiation of MSCs and bone cancer cells; however, the specific studies with AgNPs are limited. Although the reported investigations show promising in vitro and in vivo potential of AgNPs for application in bone regeneration, more studies are required to ensure their implications in bone tissue engineering. This review aims to highlight the current advances related to the production of AgNPs and their effect on MSCs and bone cancer cells, which will potentiate their possible implications in orthopedics. Moreover, this review article evaluates the future of AgNPs in bone tissue engineering.
... Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a potential bioceramic and extensively has been reported in bone tissue due to its biocompatible and mechanical properties. It is calcium phosphate has chemical formula [Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ] and a known key component to develop scaffolds for loadbearing in bone regeneration due to its osteoconductivity and biocompatibility [23,24]. It has a chemical resemblance with the bone and teeth. ...
Globally, people suffering from bone disorders are steadily increasing and bone tissue engineering is an advanced approach to treating fractured and defected bone tissues. In this study, we have prepared polymeric nanocomposite by free-radical polymerization from sodium alginate, hydroxyapatite, and silica with different GO amounts. The porous scaffolds were fabricated using the freeze drying technique. The structural, morphological, mechanical, and wetting investigation was conducted by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, universal tensile machine, and water contact angle characterization techniques. The swelling, biodegradation, and water retention were also studied. The biological studies were performed (cell viability, cell adherence, proliferation, and mineralization) against osteoblast cell lines. Scaffolds have exhibited different pore morphology SAG-1 (pore size = 414.61 ± 56 μm and porosity = 81.45 ± 2.17 %) and SAG-4 (pore size = 195.97 ± 82 μm and porosity = 53.82 ± 2.45 %). They have different mechanical behavior as SAG-1 has the least compression strength/modulus of Young's of 2.14 ± 2.35/16.51 ± 1.27 MPa and SAG-4 has maximum compression strength/modulus of Young's of 13.67 ± 2.63/96.16 ± 1.97 MPa with wetting behavior 80.70° and 58.70°, respectively. Similarly, SAG-1 exhibited the least and SAG-4 presented maximum apatite mineral formation, cell adherence, cell viability, and cell proliferation against mouse pre-osteoblast cell lines. The increased GO amount provides different multifunctional materials with different characteristics. Hence, the fabricated scaffolds could be potential scaffold materials to treat and regenerate fracture bone tissues in bone tissue engineering.
