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Four kinds of blades used in test 1 Long blade with smooth edge; 2 Long blade with serrated edge; 3 Short blade with smooth edge; 4 Short blade with serrated edge
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The paper studied the single-stalk cutting energy and cutter drive force of hemp under different blade parameters and different cutting ways, of which the fundamental parameters were provided for the follow-up design of harvester. The test results showed that when the single-stalk was cut with smooth-edge, short-blade and double blades in the form...
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... According to the phenotypic parameters and mechanicalphysical properties of hemp plants in the literature [15][16][17][18] , a threedimensional model of hemp stalks was built, with hemp stalks as orthotropic material, and the properties [19] of whole hemp stalks were added in ANSYS, as shown in Figure 4. ...
Aiming at the problem of large differences in the laying angle and posture of plants cut by the hemp harvester, which is unfavorable for the subsequent picking-up, this paper analyzed the laying process and laying angles, and built a conveyor-plant rigid-flexible coupling model for simulating the laying of hemp plant. Moreover, the operating parameters were tested and optimized based on the central composite design theory, and carried out multi-objective optimization with the minimum laying angle as the response index. Firstly, the formation mechanism of the laying angle of hemp harvester was studied. Secondly, a test was designed with the quadratic orthogonal rotational combination test method, with the data being processed by Design-Expert. A regression mathematical model of the laying angle was built, and the influence of the interactions between factors on the laying angle was analyzed with the response surface method. Furthermore, multi-objective optimization was conducted on the regression model according to the actual production design requirements. As a result, the best combination was obtained, that is, when the forward speed is 0.7 m/s, speed ratio 1.40, and stubble height 95 mm, the minimum laying angle can be obtained, namely 124.9°. The optimization parameters were verified by the simulation and field tests. The simulation test showed that the simulated laying angle is 125.2°, with a relative error of 0.24% from the theoretical value, under the best combination of parameters. The field test showed that the average laying angle of hemp plant is 121.8°, with a relative error of 2.5% from the theoretical value, under the best combination of parameters. The results may provide a reference for the structural improvement and operating parameter control of hemp harvesters.
... Figure 8 represents the behavior of the cutting forces for the stems and the cutting moment in the base cutter of the five varieties of sugarcane studied with the two types of cutter blades, with cutting angular velocity of 65 rad /s and an angle of inclination of the cutting equal to 0º. In it, it is observed that the magnitudes of cutting force and cutting moment generated with the use of the BONEM blades are significantly higher than those generated with the BUSSOLA blades, which confirms the results of authors such as Mello & Harris (2003); Qingting et al. (2007); Valdés et al. (2009) ;Hu et al. (2016); Shen et al. (2016) and Qiu et al. (2021) that refer the influence of the tool geometry on the magnitude of these parameters. The variety C90-469 has the highest value of the analyzed parameters for both blades. ...
... The magnitude of the cutting force with the BONEM blade reaches a maximum value of 508,291 N, higher than that of the BUSSOLA blade, which reaches 433,206 N. These results are in correspondence with those obtained by Taghijarah et al. (2012); Shen et al. (2016) and Xie et al. (2020) while they differ from those reached by Drees (2005); Agropecuarias, Vol. 31, No. 2, April-June 2022, E-ISSN: 2071-0054 Gedam et al. (2015 and Abdallah et al. (2020) all with different varieties of sugarcane. ...
... 31, No. 2, April-June 2022, E-ISSN: 2071-0054 Gedam et al. (2015 and Abdallah et al. (2020) all with different varieties of sugarcane. Figure 16 shows the Force-Displacement graphs obtained for both cutter blades with cutting speed of 65 rad/s and 0 o of inclination of the base cutter, which correspond to those obtained by Srivastava et al. (1993); Guarnieri et al. (2007); Zastempowski & Bochat (2014) and Shen et al. (2016), in which the three characteristic stages of the cutting process can be appreciated: I -initial development stage of the cutting; II-stage of the deformation by cutting the cross section of the stem; III -post-cut stage. ...
... Figure 8 represents the behavior of the cutting forces for the stems and the cutting moment in the base cutter of the five varieties of sugarcane studied with the two types of cutter blades, with cutting angular velocity of 65 rad /s and an angle of inclination of the cutting equal to 0º. In it, it is observed that the magnitudes of cutting force and cutting moment generated with the use of the BONEM blades are significantly higher than those generated with the BUSSOLA blades, which confirms the results of authors such as Mello & Harris (2003); Qingting et al. (2007); Valdés et al. (2009) ;Hu et al. (2016); Shen et al. (2016) and Qiu et al. (2021) that refer the influence of the tool geometry on the magnitude of these parameters. The variety C90-469 has the highest value of the analyzed parameters for both blades. ...
... The magnitude of the cutting force with the BONEM blade reaches a maximum value of 508,291 N, higher than that of the BUSSOLA blade, which reaches 433,206 N. These results are in correspondence with those obtained by Taghijarah et al. (2012); Shen et al. (2016) and Xie et al. (2020) while they differ from those reached by Drees (2005); Agropecuarias, Vol. 31, No. 2, April-June 2022, E-ISSN: 2071-0054 Gedam et al. (2015 and Abdallah et al. (2020) all with different varieties of sugarcane. ...
... 31, No. 2, April-June 2022, E-ISSN: 2071-0054 Gedam et al. (2015 and Abdallah et al. (2020) all with different varieties of sugarcane. Figure 16 shows the Force-Displacement graphs obtained for both cutter blades with cutting speed of 65 rad/s and 0 o of inclination of the base cutter, which correspond to those obtained by Srivastava et al. (1993); Guarnieri et al. (2007); Zastempowski & Bochat (2014) and Shen et al. (2016), in which the three characteristic stages of the cutting process can be appreciated: I -initial development stage of the cutting; II-stage of the deformation by cutting the cross section of the stem; III -post-cut stage. ...
In the present work, a numerical model is developed for sugarcane base cutting from experimental data obtained in five varieties of cane evaluated in the Physics and Resistance of Materials Laboratories of Ciego de Ávila University. The performance of the BONEM and BUSSOLA base-cutter blade was analyzed in relation to process parameters such as stresses, cutting force and cutting moment. It was shown that BUSSOLA cutter blade had a better performance than BONEM for each of the varieties tested. In the analysis of a model with average magnitudes of the physical-mechanical properties of the stems of the varieties examined, the behavior graphs of the cutting forces over time and the Force - Displacement graphs for both segments were obtained. The main results show that there are no representative differences in relation to the magnitude of the stresses generated in the stems of each of the sugarcane varieties when they are cut with the different cutter blades. In addition, it was shown that the magnitudes of cutting force and cutting moment generated with the use of BONEM cutter-blade are significantly higher than those generated with BUSSOLA cutter-blade.
... Taghijarah et al. (2011) reported that the cutting forces of the serrated blades were smaller than those of the slippery blade, cutting velocity and cutting position on the rape stem had the greatest effects on the cutting forces, which shown as the decrease of the cutting forces with the increasing of the cutting velocity and the raising of cutting position on the rape stem above the ground. When the singlestalk was cut with smooth-edge, short-blade, and double blades in the form of shearing, the maximum cutting drive force reached the maximum value of 0.4512 kN; when the single-stalk was cut with serrated-edge, long-blade and single blade in the form of extrusion, the maximum cutting drive force reached the minimum value of 0.2114 kN; when the single-stalk was cut with smooth-edge, short-blade and single blade in the form of extrusion (Shen et al., 2014). The slider-crank mechanism is a specific type of linkage converting translational and rotational motions together. ...
The cutting forces estimation is one of the most important design criteria necessary for the optimal manufacture of sugarcane buds cutting machines. This research was conducted to investigate the possibility of applying a slider-crank mechanism to design a sugarcane buds cutter and estimating the power required to operate the mechanism. Random samples of Egyptian sugarcane variety C-9 (At the average moisture content of 76.33 % wet basis) were used to determine cutting forces under three-blade sharpening angles 15, 30 and 45° at the different positions of the cane stick. The results indicated that the cutting force increased by increasing the blade sharpening angle at all positions of the cane stalks. The maximum value of cutting force was 138.1 kg at the node position and bottom of cane stalks using a blade sharpening angle of 45o. The minimum value of cutting force was 77.5 kg at the internode position and top of the cane stick using the knife chamfer angle of 15o. A sliding-crank mechanism can be applied in the design of the sugarcane stalk buds cutting unit. Under experimental conditions, it is possible to use an engine of at least 0.21 hp to operate the mechanism.
... Taghijarah et al. (2011) reported that the cutting forces of the serrated blades were smaller than those of the slippery blade, cutting velocity and cutting position on the rape stem had the greatest effects on the cutting forces, which shown as the decrease of the cutting forces with the increasing of the cutting velocity and the raising of cutting position on the rape stem above the ground. When the singlestalk was cut with smooth-edge, short-blade, and double blades in the form of shearing, the maximum cutting drive force reached the maximum value of 0.4512 kN; when the single-stalk was cut with serrated-edge, long-blade and single blade in the form of extrusion, the maximum cutting drive force reached the minimum value of 0.2114 kN; when the single-stalk was cut with smooth-edge, short-blade and single blade in the form of extrusion (Shen et al., 2014). The slider-crank mechanism is a specific type of linkage converting translational and rotational motions together. ...
The cutting forces estimation is one of the most important design criteria necessary for the optimal manufacture of sugarcane buds cutting machines. This research was conducted to investigate the possibility of applying a slider-crank mechanism to design a sugarcane buds cutter and estimating the power required to operate the mechanism. Random samples of Egyptian sugarcane variety C-9 (At the average moisture content of 76.33 % wet basis) were used to determine cutting forces under three-blade sharpening angles 15, 30 and 45° at the different positions of the cane stick. The results indicated that the cutting force increased by increasing the blade sharpening angle at all positions of the cane stalks. The maximum value of cutting force was 138.1 kg at the node position and bottom of cane stalks using a blade sharpening angle of 45o. The minimum value of cutting force was 77.5 kg at the internode position and top of the cane stick using the knife chamfer angle of 15o. A sliding-crank mechanism can be applied in the design of the sugarcane stalk buds cutting unit. Under experimental conditions, it is possible to use an engine of at least 0.21 hp to operate the mechanism.
... Hemp, referring in particular to industrial hemp in this paper, is a kind of crop for fiber or oil use different from marijuana as its tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) harvesting cost, which further restrains the hemp growers' enthusiasm of expanding the cultivation scale. Hence, the industry development has encountered the bottleneck of mechanization level restriction [12,13] , and the problem of mechanized harvesting for hemp has to be settled urgently. Study on mechanized harvesting technique of hemp is forward-looking in China [14] , so it is necessary to carry out the fundamental research on hemp harvesting in the primary study in this field, such as research on hemp cutter. ...
As a study basis in the field of design and research of harvester prototype, bench cutting test is to provide best parameters for the cutter design. In order to obtain the optimal parameters of cutter of the hemp harvester, cutting tests on hemp stalk were conducted to examine the influences of different geometrical parameters (length and edge type) of blade, different cutting speeds and stalk feeding speeds of reciprocating single movable blade and reciprocating double movable blades on the cutting performances (cutting power, cutting quality and synthesis score) by using self-designed test bench. According to features of different test factors, multi-factors orthogonal test was applied to determine the best combination of blade length, blade edge type and number of movable blade. Then with these parameters fixed, the optimal parameters for the factors of cutting speed and stalk feeding speed were obtained by quadratic-regression rotatable orthogonal test. According to the test results, the best combination of hemp stalk cutting was that using cutter with reciprocating double movable blades of long (120 mm) and serrated-edge at cutting speed of 1.1704 m/s and stalk feeding speed of 0.7079 m/s. The tests and analysis results can be applied into subsequent related researches on hemp harvesters.
High-stalk bast-fiber crops mainly include ramie, hemp, jute, kenaf, etc. Although China is a big country of bast-fiber crops production, compared with the developed countries in the world, its production technology is still need to be improved. In some high-stalk bast-fiber crops planting areas, the traditional artificial operation mode is still used. The bast-fiber industry is facing serious development bottleneck and challenge. It is urgent to realize mechanized bast-fiber harvesting and develop bast-fiber harvesters that meet the requirements. In the paper, the current status of basic research and applied equipment research on the harvesting of high-stalk bast-fiber crops were summarized and analyzed, and some suggestions on the research focus of mechanized harvesting of high-stalk bast-fiber crops were put forward. In view of the current research status of bast-fiber crops stalk cutting mechanism and high-quality cutting parameters, it was proposed that a comprehensive study on the mechanical and physical characteristics model of the stalk, a systematic study on the cutting mechanism, an effective geometric parameter optimization design of the cutter, and a multi-dimensional study on the dynamic cutting parameters and agricultural parameters of the stalk-cutter system should be carried out; in view of the characteristics of the high-stalk bast-fiber crops production at home and abroad and the present research status of mechanized harvesting technology, it was suggested that the research of the technology, equipment and policy of high-stalk bast-fiber mechanized harvesting in China should focus on the basic principles of high-stalk bast-fiber stalk harvesting, the difference of high-stalk bast-fiber harvesting machinery in field and hilly area, the close integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and the government subsidy policy. The work of this paper will provide a guidance for the follow-up research on mechanized harvesting technology of high-stalk bast-fiber crops.
