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This work presents the construction of a model for a PV panel using the single-diode five-parameters model, based exclusively on data-sheet parameters. The model takes into account the series and parallel (shunt) resistance of the panel. The equivalent circuit and the basic equations of the PV cell/panel in Standard Test Conditions (STC)<sup>1</sup...
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Citations
... To determine the five fundamental parameters of the photovoltaic panel, we will examine the I (V) characteristic curve at three distinct operating points. (5) At the inflection point, the maximum power produced by a panel is zero when the derivative of power with respect to voltage is zero, which is the product of the maximum current (Imp) and the maximum voltage (Vmp) [7], [19][20]. ...
... In this article, one of the sources was PV panel, so design of the PV panel is also important. Sera et al. [16] wrote an article that modeling PV panel based on datasheet values. Lu et al. [17] presented a study about power electronic education which was related to Solar Energy Systems. ...
This article aims to present the design of a GUI application that serves as an educational and analytical tool. The GUI application is intended for educational purposes, allowing users to learn about the linear and renewable energy sources. This GUI has been designed to explain, teach, and implement maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques that enable maximum power extraction from photovoltaic (PV) panels.
Contribution: This study introduces a novel educational tool designed to enhance the understanding of different MPPT methods among engineering students. The GUI tool was implemented and utilized throughout a semester in the course named power electronic applications in power systems, specifically aimed at postgraduate level students.
Background: Engineering students often encounter challenges in grasping advanced concepts, such as MPPT techniques, which are crucial for optimizing the performance of PV systems. Traditional teaching methods may not fully address the learning needs of students in this complex subject area.
Research Question: How does the use of a GUI-based educational tool for MPPT techniques impact the learning outcomes and attitudes of engineering students in a postgraduate course?
Methodology: The effectiveness of the GUI was assessed by comparing the performance of students who used this tool with those from the previous year who did not. The study involved a semester-long deployment of the tool in the power electronic applications in power systems course, with participation from students specializing in renewable energy engineering.
Findings: Preliminary findings suggest an improvement in the performance of students using the PV-MPPT Lab compared to those from the previous year. The study also indicates positive student attitudes toward the GUI tool, highlighting its potential as an effective learning aid in engineering education.</p
... composed of a diode, two resistors and a current generator [20]. The resistances R s and R sh make it possible to take into account losses due to manufacturing defects. ...
... Furthermore, I-V characteristic curves can be obtained from PVs' datasheets or generated with I-V curve test methods. These can be used to obtain the Maximum Power Point (MPP) of the PV, calculating panel electrical parameters such as open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Isc), and the voltage and current levels at the maximum power [5][6][7][8]. ...
The output power of a photovoltaic panel (PV) depends on temperature and irradiance. Aging, partial shading and electrical load can also affect the operating current and voltage of PV systems. I-V curve tracers are used to determine the performance of PV panels in any environmental condition and are widely used in both design and in operation of PV systems. In this study, a simple, effective, and rapid I-V curve tracer method is described for photovoltaic (PV) panels. The method is developed based on transient analyses of current and voltage of inductor load that is connected to a 175 W standalone PV panel via a semiconductor switch. The I-V and P-V characteristics curves of the PV panel are obtained in few microseconds rapidly.
... Once the parameters have been estimated, the translation equations can be used and the curve under any target conditions can be simulated. Sera et al. [60] proposed using (Equation (85)) instead of (Equation (77)) for correcting I s . To translate I ph , (Equation (99)) can be used in case of method E02, whereas the method E08 uses (Equation (100)): ...
The photovoltaic literature contains a wide range of methods for translating the I–V curves of a solar device to other conditions of irradiance and cell temperature, different from those under which the measurements were performed. Some of these translation methods are included as part of the International Standard IEC 60891. In this paper, these techniques are classified, reviewed, and implemented to perform a deep comparative analysis between them and to discuss their suitability for converting the I–V curves of photovoltaic modules under different scenarios of irradiance and temperature. From the analysis conducted, it can be seen that the interpolation method proposed in IEC 60891 achieves accurate results when it is applied to correct small and medium irradiance and temperature gaps. If no interpolation is possible and for large irradiance corrections, other procedures described in IEC 60891 can be applied. However, certain explicit methods based on the single-diode model or on the double-diode model can overcome the most well-known approaches proposed by the standard.
... In order to define the I-V characteristic curve of the PV cell, it is necessary to find out the equivalent circuit parameters Io and n [14][15][16]. Efficiency losses due to environmental factors in the place where the panels will be installed should be determined. Thus, the most suitable location and direction should be selected and the PV panel should be operated with the highest efficiency and profitability. ...
... However, these values are given for standard conditions. These values cannot be obtained when deviating from standard conditions [15][16][17]. After determining the equivalent circuit parameters of the PV cell, it becomes quite simple to find the open-circuit voltage and fill factor of the PV cell. ...
The photovoltaic (PV) cell is the smallest building block of the PV solar system and produces voltages between 0.5 and 0.7 V. It acts as a current source in the equivalent circuit. The amount of radiation hitting the cell determines how much current it produces. The equivalent circuit of an ideal PV cell consists of a diode and a parallel current source. In order to express losses in applications, series and parallel resistance are added to the ideal equivalent circuit of the PV cell. There are many equivalent circuits in the literature for modeling the equivalent circuit of a PV cell. The single-diode equivalent circuit is the most widely used model because of its simplicity and ease of analysis. There are several methods available to estimate and analyze the parameters of PV cell models, such as Newton Raphson method, Lambert-W function, etc. In this study, the Newton Raphson method was used to find the equivalent circuit parameters of a PV cell. Fill factor is used to determine the quality of electricity generated by the photovoltaic cell. Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage value that the PV cell can transmit. The analysis of PV cell fill factor and open-circuit voltage was carried out using the developed software program. Then, the open-circuit voltage and fill factor were found using the software program prepared in MATLAB and given in Appendix.
... Previous studies by many researchers have been carried out to study the influence of Z-source inverters on the photovoltaic systems and numerous works have been published to this effect [2][3][4][5][6]. ...
The main purpose of this paper is to study the different topologies of Z-source inverter in photovoltaic systems. We presented several topologies of Z-source inverter used for photovoltaic systems using the simple boost control. These include the two levels Z-source inverter, the two level embedded Z-source inverter and the two level dc link embedded Z-source inverter. The MATLAB simulation results may indicate the advantages and disadvantages of each of the converters.
... Additionally, cracks that are unavoidably generated in the manufacturing process may cause leakage within these gaps, resulting in short circuits in the circuit. Hence, a shunt resistance R sh needs to be added to prevent such short circuits [9,52,53]. R s typically has a value of several ohms at most, while R sh has a comparably larger value of hundreds of ohms [54][55][56]. The shortcircuit current of the PV cell is determined by the photo current I ph , which generally has a numerical value close to that of the short-circuit current [57][58][59]. ...
The aim of this study is to propose a photovoltaic (PV) module simulation model with high accuracy under practical working conditions and strong applicability in the engineering field to meet various PV system simulation needs. Unlike previous model-building methods, this study combines the advantages of analytical and metaheuristic algorithms. First, the applicability of various metaheuristic algorithms is comprehensively compared and the seven parameters of the PV cell under standard test conditions are extracted using the double diode model, which verifies that the artificial hummingbird algorithm has higher accuracy than other algorithms. Then, the seven parameters under different conditions are corrected using the analytical method. In terms of the correction method, the ideal factor correction is added on the basis of previous methods to solve the deviation between simulated data and measured data in the non-linear section. Finally, the root mean squared error between the simulated current data and the measured current data of the proposed model under three different temperatures and irradiance is 0.0697, 0.0570 and 0.0289 A, respectively.
... In this paper, we revisit the question of parameters extraction by an examination of some selected analytic methods, which provide explicit analytical expressions of the parameters by using exclusively the three given via points. A special attention is devoted to analyzing the relationship between the ideality factor and the series resistance for each invoked methods (Aldwane, 2014;Batzelis et al., 2019;Cubas et al., 2014;Ibrahim & Anani, 2017;Kumar et al., 2023;Sera et al., 2007;Zaatri & Belhour, 2009). These methods are tested, compared, and simulated for reconstituting I-V characteristics of two types of PV panels: monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon cells. ...
... In this paper, we will consider two methods (method 1 and method 2) using 1D-1R model (Ibrahim & Anani, 2017;Sera et al., 2007;Wang et al., 2011;Zaatri & Belhour, 2009) and two methods (method 3 and method 4) using 1D-2R model (Cubas et al., 2014;Kumar et al., 2013). ...
... The first class provides decoupled expressions of Rs versus M (Jia & Anderson. 1988;Ndegwa et al., 2020;Sera et al., 2007). Examples of this class are method 2 and method 3, where Rs and M depend on the same input data, which are the coordinates of the three via points. ...
Citation: Zaatri, A. (2024). Influence of the ideality factor on the series resistance for some analytical methods of parameters extraction of PV panels. This paper revisits classical problem of PV cell parameters extraction based only on three points of their characteristics. Given the dispersion and discrepancy of the results provided by the various extraction methods, the goal is to examine and compare some analytical methods for reconstruction of I-V curves while stressing in particular on the influence of the ideality factor on the series resistance. These methods are tested on two commercial types of PV panels: monocrystalline and polycrystalline ones. Among some results, the performed analysis has shown the profile of the series resistance with respect to the ideality factor as well as their influence on I-V characteristics. In addition, a contribution proposes an explicit expression that links the series resistance to the ideality factor derived from Cubas' formula upon an approximation of Lambert W-function.
... To better understand the acting physical mechanisms within the solar generator (cell, module, array), several methods have been proposed for the identification of the different parameters that affect their characteristics, not only for increase their performance, but also to simulate their behavior and optimize their different characteristics [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. These methods can be classified in two categories: a-deterministic methods involving methods such as least squares [11], Lambert W-functions [12], and the interior-point method [13]; b-heuristic methods such differential evolution (DE) [14], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [15], simulated annealing (SA) [16]. ...
In this paper, we propose a new technique based on genetic algorithm for the extraction of electrical parameters (the saturation current, the serial resistance, the parallel resistance and the ideality factor). The models with five, seven and nine parameters respectively are considered. The genetic algorithm is used as a tool for optimization to increase the probability of reaching the global minimum solutions in a short time with a very good accuracy based on the minimization of the quadratic error between experimental and theoretical characteristics. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the heuristic approach is effective for modeling in the case of solar modules. The values of squared errors are around zero (5.8297 × 10-8, 3.0751 × 10-7 and 1.7243 ×10-5 for the five, seven and nine parameters models, respectively). On the other hand, the results were obtained after only seven generations which can be considered very fast for a nonlinear optimization problem with many physical constraints. The results prove that the GA is very suitable for estimating electrical parameters needed for modeling the PV array.
