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The restoration of historical buildings often implies a change in the main use of the building so that it can once again become a part of people’s lives. Among the interventions needed to adapt the buildings to their new purpose, improving the energy performance is always a challenge due to their particular construction solutions and the influence...
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From systemic perspective reconstruction and restoration of industrial buildings are similar to historical and cultural heritage buildings. The maintenance and reuse of these buildings becoming more and more important research area worldwide. This importance must increase the information management demand but however, the most advanced digital tech...
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... Paper [5] stress the importance of balancing energy efficiency and economic viability in the rehabilitation of historic buildings, highlighting the challenges of integrating energy improvements without compromising architectural integrity. They emphasize the need for a thorough evaluation process to achieve sustainability and economic viability. ...
This study examines the strategic use of life cycle cost analyses (LCCAs) in the management and conservation of heritage sites, emphasizing the need for comprehensive financial planning. With an increasing number of heritage sites showing signs of deterioration, our aim was to improve the sustainability and effectiveness of restoration practices. We used dynamic life cycle costing methods and developed the MONUREV software V2 to simulate different restoration scenarios, providing accurate, data-driven projections for maintaining structural, functional and aesthetic integrity. The field research involved testing these methods through case studies of heritage buildings in the Czech Republic, focusing on holistic cost management from initial analysis to practical application. The results showed that LCC analysis can significantly assist in making informed decisions, balancing economic and cultural values, and ensuring long-term conservation outcomes. This study concludes that the integration of a detailed LCC analysis into heritage conservation strategies represents a methodological advance that can significantly improve the economic and operational planning of the maintenance of heritage buildings, thereby ensuring their preservation for future generations.
... A case study has found that some of the assessment methodologies adopted by professionals in the retrofit industry are less accurate. These wrong predictions can lead to unexpected outcomes when the actual retrofit is carried out [33]. Further, prebound and rebound effects can also cause to have unpredictable results out of retrofit projects [85]. ...
... For the calculation of the Net Present Value (NPV), the global cost at the financial level was considered with a calculation period of 30 years [82], according to the values indicated in Annex A of the UNE-EN 15,459 [83] standard. In the calculations, a useful life Through the obtained savings in energy consumption, it is possible to obtain a recovery period of 16 years that is below the limits defined by European Regulation (EU) 244/2012 [80], which develops Directive 2010/31/EU [81]. ...
... For the calculation of the Net Present Value (NPV), the global cost at the financial level was considered with a calculation period of 30 years [82], according to the values indicated in Annex A of the UNE- EN 15,459 [83] standard. In the calculations, a useful life of the windows of 20 years and the insulation of 50 years were also considered ( Figure 29). ...
This research explores the energy behaviour of a traditional house on the Mediterranean coast of south-eastern Spain. The objective of the work is to determine the optimal passive strategies for rehabilitating a traditional house, improving its energy savings and comfort, considering the characteristics of the warm semi-arid Mediterranean climate. The main novelty of this article is that it demonstrates that the limits imposed by current regulations, based on globalised climate strategy approaches, undermine the energy efficiency capacity that passive solutions in vernacular architecture already employed. The methodology used consists of a systematised multi-objective study of various energy rehabilitation strategies. Four strategies were studied: raising the thermal insulation of enclosures, improving thermal insulation and solar control glazing with movable shading devices, increasing the size of windows and introducing the use of natural ventilation enhanced by ceiling fans. The results show that simultaneous improvement of these parameters reduces cooling and heating requirements by up to 87%, reducing the energy consumption of air conditioning systems. Indoor temperatures are also maintained within the comfort limits set by regulations for 91% of hours per year without the need for air conditioning systems. This results in a passive energy-efficient and comfortable house almost all year round. This work offers an alternative solution to the comfort standards of current Spanish regulations and demonstrates the need to adapt Fanger’s analytical method for comfort estimation. The research concludes that the comfort criteria of current energy regulations should be modified to better adapt the design criteria to the dry Mediterranean climate.
... A property can be put to a compatible use through repairs, additions, and renovations as long as the areas or elements that communicate the property's historical, cultural, or aesthetic significance are preserved. [78,[84][85][86][87][88][89] Usually combines energy retrofitting approaches and physical modifications to maintain and prepare the structure for usage Energy retrofitting ...
Building adaptation comprises a variety of construction actions that enhance current condition and extend the life span of buildings. Architectural adaptation involves refurbishing, retrofitting, restoration, renovation, rehabilitation, adaptive reuse, material reuse, conservation, and preservation, as well as other activities to improve building conditions. In this study, the most relevant definitions, implementations, and ranges of the specified terminologies are examined; on the basis of this classification, a conceptual model is constructed to facilitate accurate categorization of building adaptations and its application in various case studies. The current state of heritage buildings in Erbil (the Erbil Citadel as a World Heritage Site and the buffer zone as cultural heritage) is evaluated. We aimed to investigate their current conservation status and determine whether the Erbil Citadel’s heritage building adaptation has addressed the issue of energy retrofitting to realize green and passive construction. The results indicate that the framework model is an effective assessment tool in the field of conserving heritage buildings. The majority of Erbil’s heritage buildings have been restored and rehabilitated for public interaction; nevertheless, additional interventions are required to improve the buildings’ energy efficiency and conservation for this to be recognized as sustainable heritage development. In the future, academics and practitioners may use the suggested framework to clearly and consistently describe the scope of the work in their building adaptation, thereby eliminating the high costs of correcting code and specification requirements that were not met.
... A property can be put to a compatible use through repairs, additions, and renovations as long as the areas or elements that communicate the property's historical, cultural, or aesthetic significance are preserved. [78,[84][85][86][87][88][89] Usually combines energy retrofitting approaches and physical modifications to maintain and prepare the structure for usage Energy retrofitting ...
Building adaptation comprises a variety of construction actions that enhance the current conditions and extend the life span of buildings. Architectural adaptation involves refurbishing, retrofitting, restoration, renovation, rehabilitation, adaptive reuse, material reuse, conservation, and preservation, as well as other activities to improve building conditions. In this study, the most relevant definitions, implementations, and ranges of the specified terminologies are examined; on the basis of this classification, a conceptual model is constructed to facilitate the accurate categorization of building adaptations and their application in various case studies. The current state of heritage buildings in Erbil (the Erbil Citadel as a World Heritage Site and the buffer zone as cultural heritage) is evaluated. We aimed to investigate their current conservation status and determine whether the Erbil Citadel's heritage building adaptation has addressed the issue of energy retrofitting to realize green and passive construction. The results indicate that the framework model is an effective assessment tool in the field of conserving heritage buildings. The majority of Erbil's heritage buildings have been restored and rehabilitated for public interaction; nevertheless, additional interventions are required to improve the buildings' energy efficiency and conservation for this to be recognized as sustainable heritage development. In the future, academics and practitioners may use the suggested framework to clearly and consistently describe the scope of the work in their building adaptation, thereby eliminating the high costs of correcting code and specification requirements that were not met.
... The use of new information technologies is also making it possible to carry out simulations on the future buildings performance, supporting the decision-making process and analyzing future results that may affect the building life cycle [12]. These simulations can be considered in the heritage maintenance process and may be part of the CP plans (Fig. 3). ...
... The inter-relatedness of economic viability and efficiency is long recognized in economics literature [26] . There is a renewed interest in the joint-estimation of economic viability and efficiency in sustainability studies on various fields including energy [42], and agriculture [43,44]. Therefore, the best model should be the one that considers the metafrontier efficiency as a latent variable to reproductive threshold representing economic viability. ...
By developing meta-frontier efficiency and structural equation models, the paper examines whether farm economic viability is positively associated with technical efficiency in a highly food insecure context, such as that of rural Sierra Leone. The findings show that technical efficiency can be a sufficient but not necessary condition in determining economic viability of smallholder farming. It is possible to breach reproductive thresholds at the cost of reduced technical efficiency, when the crop diversification strategy of smallholders includes market-oriented high-value crops. This calls for a dual policy approach that addresses farmers' internal needs for self-consumption (increasing efficiency of food crop production) while encouraging market-oriented cash crop production (diversification assisted through the reduction of associated transaction costs and the establishment of accessible commercialization channels of export related crops and/or high-value crops). The work also calls out for a move-up or move-out strategy for small holders to create viable farming systems in developing world.
... In specific for built heritage, behaviour is frequently mentioned as a synonym of "performance", referring to physical characteristics of the building. While in the construction sector, in general, there is raising awareness of the role of occupants' behaviour for sustainability and energy efficiency (Caro & Sendra, 2020;Chen, Ding, Bai, & Sun, 2020;Gianfrate, Piccardo, Longo, & Giachetta, 2017;Laaroussi, Bahrar, El Mankibi, Draoui, & Si-Larbi, 2020), in the specific field of built heritage, occupants' behaviour is only mentioned as a factor that affects performance, without a more in-depth analysis of the underlying socio-psychological factors (Ajzen, 1985;Berg & Donarelli, 2019;Galiano-Garrigós, González-Avilés, Rizo-Maestre, & Andújar-Montoya, 2019;Mutani, Todeschi, Kämpf, Coors, & Fitzky, 2018). A systematic literature review on behaviour and heritage conservation found no results targeting practitioners' behaviour towards the implementation of sustainable conservation practices (Gonçalves et al., 2020). ...
This research applies the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to measure the gap between designers’ intentions towards heritage conservation and the actual design decisions. It aims at contributing to identify which psychological constructs (attitude, norm, perception of control) are hindering the implementation of sustainable conservation approaches in practice. The results suggest that attitudes have a significant correlation with performed behaviour, and that norms, despite impacting intentions, do not necessarily correlate with the performed actions. Using the TPB to analyse designers' behaviours is an innovative methodological approach that opens new possibilities for the design of interventions targeting behavioural change towards the implementation of sustainable conservation practices in built heritage.
... Some studies have been conducted on the role of governance and public decision-making in HB management [45,130,154]. To achieve a better decision-making system, factors that influence decision-making in maintenance have been studied [61]. As maintenance practices adopted in HB management is dependent on multiple stakeholders involved, some studies investigated HB maintenance from the perspectives of different stakeholders: owners [155], managers [68], users [118], professionals [156], and the general public [154]. ...
Heritage buildings (HBs), which are unique landmarks across the world, have special cultural significance. However, many of the HBs, in lack of proper maintenance management, have become deplorable. Whereas a myriad of studies has been conducted in the heritage building maintenance management (HBMM) domain, a detailed and systematic study on the state-of-the-art of HBMM research is hitherto not available. To provide a better understanding of this underexplored area, a study was initiated. Using keywords in the HBMM domain, 944 articles published between 2000 and 2020 were identified through a bibliometric search from the Scopus databases. A software “VOSViewer” was utilized to carry out a scientometric analysis of the articles, which revealed the rising trend of research in HBMM, distribution of articles across the reviewed journals, number of citations of the journals, and strength of connections between the journals based on mutual citations. Then, a qualitative review of the key articles identified that the focuses of investigation of the previous research in HBMM fall into five areas: i) decision-making frameworks, ii) integration of digital technologies and HBMM, iii) building condition and maintenance practice, iv) sustainability and HBMM, and v) new technologies for HBMM. Based on these areas, a framework of directions for future research in HBMM was established. The methodology of this study and the study results, especially the future research directions, can serve as a useful reference for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in the field of HBMM.
... However, the adoption of the probabilistic approach in Nigeria has been discovered to be unrealistic due to the absence of data banks and computer proficiency amongst the viability appraisers [8]; [4]; [9]. There is even evidence where deterministic approach has even turned out to be valid in evaluating economic viability [10]; [11]. More so a critical look at every technique will bring out its criticism. ...
Viability appraisal as a veritable tool to guide investors of proposed projects could either be carried out through any of deterministic or probabilistic approach. Both approaches with varied types of techniques have been criticized but still have their relevance in determining the viability of any given project based on required objectives. A review of earlier works on viability appraisal was carried out including that of the Nigerian experience. Observation and required measurements in the property market of the study area, Atan-Ota at Sokoto Road to be precise that lies and situates between latitude 60 40‘29.5716” and longitude 30 11‘52.9908”. Amongst all viability techniques, the break-even viability appraisal technique was adopted for this study based on cost maximization so as to enable investors take decision on the barest minimum production level. The break-even point technique though modified using the Net Present Value (NPV) was utilized in the study area on three residential property types readily purchased. They are the 2 bedroom flat, 3 bedroom flat and 4 bedroom bungalow. It was revealed that the 3 bedroom flat is most viable as it will require the sales of 13.03 units to break-even while 2 bedroom flats will require the sale of 14.69 units to break even. The 4 bedroom bungalow will however require the sales of 17.17 units to break-even. The study thereby recommends that investors focus more on the 3 bedroom housing units in the study area for easiest attainment of the break-even point.
