Fig 4 - uploaded by Bryndis Bjornsdottir
Content may be subject to copyright.
Fish with winter ulcer disease. A) Farmed Atlantic salmon showing extensive ulceration. Photo courtesy K.J. Heidarsdottir. B) Internal symptoms, including petechial hemorrhages, in experimentally infected salmon. Photo courtesy B.K. Gudmundsdottir. C) Farmed rainbow trout with ulcers. Photo courtesy G. Jonsson. D) Experimentally infected Atlantic cod showing skin ulcers. Photo courtesy B.K. Gudmundsdottir.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... mean relative expression of IL-8 in control cells was 8.0 Â 10 À3 AE 0.47 Â 10 À3 , 7.4 Â 10 À3 AE 4.1 Â 10 À3 , 1.2 Â 10 À2 AE 0.25 Â 10 À2 at 4, 24 and 72 h, respectively, and did not show any significant differences. All variables were found to have a significant effect on IL-8 expression: antigen dose (p ¼ 0.000), sampling time (p ¼ 0.016) and interaction (p ¼ 0.001). The expression of IL-8 exhibited dose-dependence on the concentration of MvP1 at both 4 and 24 h, but was only significantly higher from control cells at the highest concentration (1.0 mg protein/ml MvP1), or 4.9-and 9.4- fold, respectively. After stimulation for 24 h with 0.7 mg protein/ml MvP1, two of the samples showed a 6.3-and 7.3-fold increase in IL-8 expression, while the third sample showed only a 2.3-fold increase in expression. Therefore, the data were not significantly different from control cells. No significant differences were detec- ted at 72 h (Fig. ...
Context 2
... affected with winter ulcer disease may develop external lesions or ulcers, often appearing along the side of the fish (Fig. 4). Ulcers initially appear as small epidermal lesions which gradually increase and can cover considerable areas of the body surface ( Salte et al., 1994;. A large proportion of the infected population may become affected by ulcers and up to 50% of fish have been reported to show extensive ulceration at slaughter (Lunder, 1992). categorised skin lesions of salmon affected with winter ulcer disease as acute or subacute; superficial lesions extending to the stratum compactum, as chronic; lesions extending beyond the stratum compactum down to the muscle, and regenerative; lesions showing granulation tissue covered with a scale-free ...
Context 3
... experiment 2, the mean relative IL-1b expression in control cells was 6.5 Â 10 À4 AE 1.9 Â 10 À4 , 1.2 Â 10 À3 AE 0.29 Â 10 À3 , 8.9 Â 10 À4 AE 0.88 Â 10 À4 at 4, 24 and 72 h, respectively. There was no significant difference between the control values. Significant differences on IL-1b expression were found for all variables: antigen dose (p ¼ 0.007), sampling time (p ¼ 0.036) and interaction (p ¼ 0.004). The change in IL-1b expression of MvP1 stimulated cells ranged from 0.5 to 2.6-fold, and only cells stimulated with the highest concentration showed a significant increase in expression at 4 h (Fig. ...
