Figures 2-6 - uploaded by Susan Halbert
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Brachyplatys subaeneus (Westwood) and Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius). 2-4) Brachyplatys subaeneus. 2) Adult dorsal habitus. 3) Adult ventral habitus. 4) Head. 5-6) Megacopta cribraria. 5) Adult dorsal habitus. 6) Head and thorax. ps = pseudosuture. All scale bars = 1.0 mm. Photographs by Joseph E. Eger, Jr.
Source publication
Brachyplatys subaeneus (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), is reported from Miami Beach, FL, the first report from the United States. It was noticed first on a photo-sharing site (iNaturalist) providing an example of the importance of these sites for helping to track introduced species. Information on distribution, host plants and potential spread...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... by the black dorsal coloration with concolorous punctation (Megacopta cribraria is light brown to olive or dark brown with darker punctation; Fig. 5), by the lack of a pseudosuture on the anterior margin of the scutellum (present in M. cribraria) and by the head about 2.5 times as wide as long (about 1.5 times as wide as long in M. cribraria; Fig. ...
Context 2
... by the black dorsal coloration with concolorous punctation (Megacopta cribraria is light brown to olive or dark brown with darker punctation; Fig. 5), by the lack of a pseudosuture on the anterior margin of the scutellum (present in M. cribraria) and by the head about 2.5 times as wide as long (about 1.5 times as wide as long in M. cribraria; Fig. ...
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Citations
... In the last few years, several papers have been published demonstrating the potential that citizen science projects and websites have for mapping neglected species of high conservation priority or to enhance our knowledge on species diversity and distribution (Goula et al. 2012;Zapponi et al. 2017). More recently, invasive species of Heteroptera have been identified from such records, demonstrating how citizen science data, available in online databases, have become useful even to applied sciences (Eger et al. 2020;Lupoli et al. 2020;Brugnera et al. 2021;Çerçi et al. 2021;Forero 2021). The availability of data from online resources speeds up the identification of potential invasive species, and detection of these species with the traditional steps of collection, identification and publications processes might otherwise have taken much longer. ...
The Neotropical family Phloeidae includes three species within two genera, Phloea Lepeletier and Serville, 1825 and Phloeophana Kirkaldy, 1908, distributed in South America. Due to their large size and notable morphological features, such as cryptic colouration, extreme body flattening and lateral expansions around the body, these insects became known as Neotropical bark bugs. These characteristics also make them easily recognisable; nonetheless, the correct identification of the species is still tricky, even more so for the nymphs. In this work, we clarify the identity of the species, present new diagnoses for the family, both genera and all species, and provide an updated identification key to both adults and nymphs of the three species. We also describe and illustrate chromatic variation in Phloea subquadrata Spinola, 1837, and high-resolution photos of the three species and important diagnostic characters are provided. Literature information is synthesised and updated, and an exhaustive synonymic list is provided for the three species, including two nomenclatural corrections: Phloeocoris paradoxus Burmeister, 1835 is removed from synonymy with Phloeophana longirostris (Spinola, 1837) and considered a new junior synonym of Phloea corticata (Drury, 1773); and Phlaea paradoxa Signoret, 1863 is removed from synonymy with Phloea corticata and considered a new junior synonym of Phloeophana longirostris. Lastly, we review the distribution of the species based on collection specimens and citizen science data and, for the first time, present distribution maps for the three species of Phloeidae.
... Formal identification was carried out by an entomologist [13] from photographs taken by a citizen contributor and posted on his website [14]. The first report of Brachyplatys subaeneus (Hemiptera, Plataspidae) in the United States, triggered by the publication of a photograph on the website iNaturalist [15], is another example. These cases show how an insect with attractive colors and/or large size can be reported via citizen contribution. ...
We describe the process by which the quarantine whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae), was detected in France. The initial observation was made by a volunteer who reported a picture of an adult in the Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel (INPN Espèces), a citizen science resource developed by l’Office Français de la Biodiversité and the French Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. The specimen was suspected to be A. spiniferus from this picture by one of the expert entomologists in charge of the Hemiptera group validation. Once the species was identified, it was mounted on a slide and the information was officially passed on to the ministry in charge of agriculture via a communication channel set up in advance for this type of situation. The ministry then triggered the regulatory actions planned in the event of the suspected detection of quarantine organisms. Sampling was quickly carried out and the specimens collected on this occasion were formally identified as belonging to the species A. spiniferus. This led to the formalization of an outbreak in France. This sequence of decisions took just two months from the first observation to the implementation of a management plan. This case presents how incursion preparedness contributes to a rapid response. Furthermore, this case exemplifies how citizen science can contribute to the early detection of invasive species and highlights the importance of informing both the general public and professionals about major environmental issues.
... The host is then consumed by the developing parasitoid larva(e) [1]. Parasitoid species may rely on shared subaeneuus Westwood (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), which was reported in Miami, Florida in 2020 [35]. Ooencyrtus nezarae is a generalist egg parasitoid reported to attack M. cribraria, and pentatomids that occur in Asia, Africa, Australia, and Europe [28,36,37], and in 2016 was first reported in Alabama [38]. ...
... Insects 2023,14,35 ...
The present study investigated egg parasitoid interspecific interactions between a generalist, Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and a specialist, Paratelenomus saccharalis Dodd (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in a laboratory setting using kudzu bug (Megacopta cribraria Fabricius, (Hemiptera: Plataspidae)) eggs as their shared host. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the emergence of wasps from parasitized hosts after the simultaneous and sequential release of wasps, monitor aggressive behavior of P. saccharalis, and quantify intraguild predation of O. nezarae larvae on heterospecific P. saccharalis larvae. Results showed that total host egg parasitism was higher when both wasps were released simultaneously than if wasps were released sequentially. Ooencyrtus nezarae produced more total offspring than P. saccharalis in all sequential/simultaneous treatments but produced male offspring in most cases. In the aggressive behavioral experiment, specialist, P. saccharalis used head butting to fight O. nezarae, but no other aggressions were observed. In an experiment examining intraguild predation, O. nezarae was able to develop in host eggs parasitized by P. saccharalis four days earlier, acting as a superior larval competitor. These findings shed light on the potential interspecific interactions between O. nezarae and P. saccharalis, which may determine their relative abundance and influence their compatibility in kudzu bug biological control programs.
... Kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), is an introduced urban and agricultural pest of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) (Fabales: Fabaceae) grown in the southeastern United States. Native to southeastern Asia, kudzu bugs were first identified in the United States as an urban pest in northeastern Georgia in 2009, and one of the two representatives of the hemipteran family Plataspidae introduced to the Americas [1,2]. The geographic range of kudzu bugs expanded rapidly within the United States, spreading as far west as Louisiana and north to Maryland by 2015, occupying 652 counties in the United States by 2017, and west into Texas by 2021 [3][4][5]. ...
This is the first study that examined and compared the survival, LC50, and RR50 estimates of Megacopta cribraria F. (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) nymphs and adults that were exposed to two native Beauveria bassiana isolates (Previously codified as NI8 and KUDSC strains) at four concentrations. The greatest reduction in survival and mortality was observed primarily on or after 10 d post-exposure to B. bassiana isolates. Survival of early instars (2nd, 3rd) were not affected by either strains or concentration at 3 d and 5 d post-exposure. Survival of later instars (5th) and adults was significantly reduced when exposed to the KUDSC strain at all concentrations. Comparison of dose–mortality values (LC50) using resistance ratios (RR50) were significantly different between life stages of the kudzu bug for both strains of B. bassiana. The LC50 values showed that kudzu bug adults are more susceptible than any other life stage when exposed to either strain. The KUDSC strain was more pathogenic than NI8 10 d after exposure, but NI8 exhibited significantly higher pathogenicity than KUDSC 20 d after exposure. Our results suggest potential field application of B. bassiana for kudzu bug control and their integration into pest management strategies to suppress them before they cause economic damage to soybean crops.
... The Asian hemipteran Brachyplatys subaeneus (Westwood, 1837) is an example of a pest with the potential to spread across tropical and subtropical regions (Rédei 2016). For instance, it was recently introduced to the Americas (Aiello et al. 2016; identification correction by Rédei 2016) and considered a pest for a variety of crops with reports from Panama (Añino et al. 2018;Lowry et al. 2013;Rédei 2016), Costa Rica (Carmona-Ríos 2019), Dominican Republic (Pérez-Gelabert et al. 2019), Colombia (Forero 2021), Ecuador (Añino et al. 2020), United States (Eger et al. 2020), Guadalupe (Streito and Étienne 2020), including reports on GBIF for Mexico, Jamaica and Colombia (www.gbif.org). Moreover, predictive models of distribution based on environmental variables foresee its spread across all the region between the south of the United States, Venezuela, Peru and north of Brazil (Anses 2021). ...
We report the occurrence of Brachyplatys subaeneus (Westwood, 1837) on a new host plant species: the leguminose Macroptilium longepedunculatum. We discovered the bugs in the mouth of the river San Juan in Coiba National Park in Panama. We present the morphological and barcode species level identification. This insect pest normally attacks plants of economic importance within cultivated habitats and our report possibly highlights for the first time the ability of B. subaeneus to invade natural habitats.
... On the other hand, there is no record of the YSSB on any important commodity crops, such as corn, cotton, and soybean, which in Brazil include other native Nevertheless, considering the polyphagous habits of E. fullo, the plant diversity, and the extensive and varied agricultural activity in Brazil, the surveillance of the species is an important step toward its management. The installation of traps in the area and the constant inspection of citizen science initiatives, such as iNaturalist and other online resources, are important tools to contribute to the identification and monitoring of this stink bug, as demonstrated to B. subaenus (Eger et al. 2020), H. halys (Maistrello et al. 2016), and E. fullo (Lupoli et al. 2020). ...
In recent years, the management of invasive stink bugs (Pentatomidae) has been a challenge in many regions of the world, including the Neotropical, where four non-native species were detected in the last two decades. Species with invasive potential include the yellow-spotted stink bug, Erthesina fullo (Thunberg). It is polyphagous and is known to cause damages to fruit crops in Southeast Asia. Herein, we report for the first time the occurrence of E. fullo in Brazil (Santos, São Paulo). Nymphs and adults have been recorded nearby the Harbor of Santos since November 2020. A fifth instar nymph was collected and reared until adulthood. The insect was found feeding on Inga sp. leaves (Fabaceae), a plant restricted to the Neotropical Region. The detection of multiple specimens in Santos, plus their ability to feed on native and or on cultivated plants, may represent a threat to the Brazilian agribusiness and environment.
... In this digital age, citizen science outlets such as BugGuide and iNaturalist are valuable resources for improving understanding of arthropod distributional patterns. The utility of these databases is readily apparent in aiding in the early detection of invasive pest species (Maistrello et al. 2016;Eger et al. 2020), but these data also can be useful to those seeking to improve understanding of arthropods that have received limited attention based Photo records (GBIF 2020) ...
Orsilochides scurrilis (Stål) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) is reported from the United States for the first time based on a specimen collected in Santa Cruz County, Arizona. A key to separate the U.S. species of Orsilochides Kirkaldy is provided. In addition, host plant records and distribution of the other two species of Orsilochides that occur in the U.S., Orsilochides guttata (Herrich-Schäffer) and Orsilochides stictica (Dallas), are analyzed through a combination of digital photo records and museum specimens.
