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Six species of the genus Aptesis Förster 1850 belonging to the tribe Hemigastrini of the subfamily Cryptinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) are reported from China. Three of them, Aptesis elongata Li & Sheng, sp. n., Aptesis melana Li & Sheng, sp. n. and Aptesis nigricoxa Li & Sheng, sp. n. reared from sawflies in China, are new to science. The biolo...
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... as development continues. The young pupa is cream-colored, the compound eyes light red. After three days, the compound eyes change to dark red (Fig. 20). Two days later, the head and mesosoma are blackish brown (Fig. 21). After two days, the head and mesosoma change to black; the first and second terga blackish brown, third to eighth terga brown (Fig. 22); the ba- sal portion of flagellomeres brown, median portion yellowish white and apical portion yellowish brown. The mature pupa is the same color as the adult. Of 537 A. melana reared from N. huizeensis, the female to male ratio was 1.7: 1. The average parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by A. melana was 8.7%. Adults of A. melana emerged ...
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Citations
... (Drooz 1960, Kangas 1985, L. laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch (Drooz 1960, Jardon et al. 1994, L. occidentalis Nutt. (Drooz 1960), L. principis-rupprechtii (Mayr) Pilger (Li et al. 2013). ...
North-Western Palaearctic species of Pristiphora Latreille, 1810 are revised. Altogether, 90 species are treated, two of which are described as new: P. caraganae Vikberg & Prous, sp. n. from Finland and P. dedeara Liston & Prous, sp. n. from Germany. Host plant of P. caraganae is Caragana arborescens Lam. Pristiphora dasiphorae (Zinovjev, 1993) (previously known from East Palaearctic) and P. cadma Wong & Ross, 1960 (previously known from North America) are recorded for the first time from Europe. Nematus nigricans Eversmann, 1847 [= Pristiphora nigricans (Eversmann, 1847), comb. n.], N. breviusculus Eversmann, 1847 [= Euura melanocephalus (Hartig, 1837)], and N. caudalis Eversmann, 1847 [= E. caudalis (Eversmann, 1847), comb. n.] are removed from synonymy with P. pallidiventris (Fallén, 1808), N. paralellus Hartig, 1840 [= P. paralella (Hartig, 1840), comb. n.] is removed from synonymy with P. bufo (Brischke, 1883), and P. mesatlantica Lacourt, 1976 is removed from synonymy with P. insularis Rohwer, 1910. The following 29 new synonymies are proposed: P. nigropuncticeps Haris, 2002, syn. n. with P. albitibia (Costa, 1859); Lygaeonematus karvoneni Lindqvist, 1952, syn. n. with P. alpestris (Konow, 1903); P. (P.) anivskiensis
Haris, 2006, syn. n. with P. appendiculata (Hartig, 1837); Nematus canaliculatus Hartig, 1840, syn. n with P. carinata (Hartig, 1837); P. nigrogroenblomi Haris, 2002, syn. n. with P. cincta Newman, 1837; Tenthredo flavipes Zetterstedt, 1838, syn. n., Nematus congener W.F. Kirby, 1882, syn. n., and P. thomsoni Lindqvist, 1953, syn. n. with P. dochmocera (Thomson, 1871); P. atrata Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n. with
P. friesei (Konow, 1904); P. gelida Wong, 1968, syn. n. with P. frigida (Boheman, 1865); Pachynematus nigricorpus Takagi, 1931, syn. n. with P. laricis (Hartig, 1837); Nematus (Pikonema) piceae Zhelochovtsev in Zhelochovtsev and Zinovjev, 1988, syn. n. and P. (P.) hoverlaensis Haris, 2001, syn. n. with P. leucopodia (Hartig, 1837); Mesoneura arctica Lindqvist, 1959, syn. n., Pachynematus incisus Lindqvist, 1970, syn. n., Pachynematus intermedius Verzhutskii, 1974, syn. n., and P. mongololaricis Haris, 2003, syn. n. with P. malaisei (Lindqvist, 1952); Nematus anderschi Zaddach, 1876, syn. n., P. inocreata Konow, 1902, syn. n., and P. discolor Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n. with P. nigricans (Eversmann, 1847); Lygaeonematus tenuicornis Lindqvist, 1955, syn. n. with P. paralella (Hartig, 1840); Lygaeonematus concolor Lindqvist, 1952, syn. n. with P. pseudocoactula (Lindqvist, 1952); P. flavipicta Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n., P. flavopleura Haris, 2002, syn. n., P. mongoloexigua Haris, 2002, syn. n., and P. mongolofausta Haris, 2003, syn. n. with P. punctifrons (Thomson, 1871); P. listoni Lacourt, 1998, syn. n. with P. sootryeni Lindqvist, 1955; P. gaunitzi Lindqvist, 1968, syn. n. with P. testacea (Jurine, 1807); and Nematus breviusculus Eversmann, 1847, syn. n. with Euura melanocephalus (Hartig, 1837). The valid name of Pachynematus (Pikonema) carpathiensis Haris, 2001 is Nematinus carpathiensis (Haris, 2001) comb. n. Lectotypes are designated for 43 taxa. An illustrated electronic key made with Lucid and a traditional dichotomous key are provided to facilitate identification of the species. Species belonging to the carinata (previously Lygaeotus), micronematica (previously Lygaeophora), and rufipes (also known as thalictri or aquilegiae) groups are not keyed to the species level, because additional research is needed to delimit the species more reliably in these groups. Phylogeny of Pristiphora is reconstructed based on one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear (NaK and TPI) genes. Remarkably, around 50–60% (depending on the exclusion or inclusion of the carinata, micronematica, and rufipes groups) of the species cannot be reliably identified based on COI barcodes. Limited data from nuclear genes indicate a better identification potential (about 20% remain problematic).
... (Drooz 1960, Kangas 1985, L. laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch (Drooz 1960, Jardon et al. 1994, L. occidentalis Nutt. (Drooz 1960), L. principis-rupprechtii (Mayr) Pilger (Li et al. 2013). ...
North-Western Palaearctic species of Pristiphora Latreille, 1810 are revised. Altogether, 90 species are treated, two of which are described as new: P.caraganae Vikberg & Prous, sp. n. from Finland and P.dedeara Liston & Prous, sp. n. from Germany. Host plant of P.caraganae is Caraganaarborescens Lam. Pristiphoradasiphorae (Zinovjev, 1993) (previously known from East Palaearctic) and P.cadma Wong & Ross, 1960 (previously known from North America) are recorded for the first time from Europe. Nematusnigricans Eversmann, 1847 [= Pristiphoranigricans (Eversmann, 1847), comb. n. ], N.breviusculus Eversmann, 1847 [= Euuramelanocephalus (Hartig, 1837)], and N.caudalis Eversmann, 1847 [= E.caudalis (Eversmann, 1847), comb. n. ] are removed from synonymy with P.pallidiventris (Fallén, 1808), N.paralellus Hartig, 1840 [= P.paralella (Hartig, 1840), comb. n. ] is removed from synonymy with P.bufo (Brischke, 1883), and P.mesatlantica Lacourt, 1976 is removed from synonymy with P.insularis Rohwer, 1910. The following 29 new synonymies are proposed: P.nigropuncticeps Haris, 2002, syn. n. with P.albitibia (Costa, 1859); Lygaeonematuskarvoneni Lindqvist, 1952, syn. n. with P.alpestris (Konow, 1903); P. (P.) anivskiensis Haris, 2006, syn. n. with P.appendiculata (Hartig, 1837); Nematuscanaliculatus Hartig, 1840, syn. n with P.carinata (Hartig, 1837); P.nigrogroenblomi Haris, 2002, syn. n. with P.cincta Newman, 1837; Tenthredoflavipes Zetterstedt, 1838, syn. n. , Nematuscongener W.F. Kirby, 1882, syn. n. , and P.thomsoni Lindqvist, 1953, syn. n. with P.dochmocera (Thomson, 1871); P.atrata Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n. with P.friesei (Konow, 1904); P.gelida Wong, 1968, syn. n. with P.frigida (Boheman, 1865); Pachynematusnigricorpus Takagi, 1931, syn. n. with P.laricis (Hartig, 1837); Nematus (Pikonema) piceae Zhelochovtsev in Zhelochovtsev and Zinovjev, 1988, syn. n. and P. (P.) hoverlaensis Haris, 2001, syn. n. with P.leucopodia (Hartig, 1837); Mesoneuraarctica Lindqvist, 1959, syn. n. , Pachynematusincisus Lindqvist, 1970, syn. n. , Pachynematusintermedius Verzhutskii, 1974, syn. n. , and P.mongololaricis Haris, 2003, syn. n. with P.malaisei (Lindqvist, 1952); Nematusanderschi Zaddach, 1876, syn. n. , P.inocreata Konow, 1902, syn. n. , and P.discolor Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n. with P.nigricans (Eversmann, 1847); Lygaeonematustenuicornis Lindqvist, 1955, syn. n. with P.paralella (Hartig, 1840); Lygaeonematusconcolor Lindqvist, 1952, syn. n. with P.pseudocoactula (Lindqvist, 1952); P.flavipicta Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n. , P.flavopleura Haris, 2002, syn. n. , P.mongoloexigua Haris, 2002, syn. n. , and P.mongolofausta Haris, 2003, syn. n. with P.punctifrons (Thomson, 1871); P.listoni Lacourt, 1998, syn. n. with P.sootryeni Lindqvist, 1955; P.gaunitzi Lindqvist, 1968, syn. n. with P.testacea (Jurine, 1807); and Nematusbreviusculus Eversmann, 1847, syn. n. with Euuramelanocephalus (Hartig, 1837). The valid name of Pachynematus (Pikonema) carpathiensis Haris, 2001 is Nematinuscarpathiensis (Haris, 2001) comb. n. Lectotypes are designated for 43 taxa. An illustrated electronic key made with Lucid and a traditional dichotomous key are provided to facilitate identification of the species. Species belonging to the carinata (previously Lygaeotus ), micronematica (previously Lygaeophora ), and rufipes (also known as thalictri or aquilegiae ) groups are not keyed to the species level, because additional research is needed to delimit the species more reliably in these groups. Phylogeny of Pristiphora is reconstructed based on one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear (NaK and TPI) genes. Remarkably, around 50–60% (depending on the exclusion or inclusion of the carinata , micronematica , and rufipes groups) of the species cannot be reliably identified based on COI barcodes. Limited data from nuclear genes indicate a better identification potential (about 20% remain problematic).
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.59.12565
... One paper found that the parasitism rate of sawfly cocoons was about 10.0% (Xu et al. 1990). Four parasitoids, Aptesis melana Li & Sheng, 2013, Aptesis nigricoxa Li & Sheng, 2013, Lamachus nigrus Li, Sheng & Sun, 2012, and Lamachus rufiabdominalis Li, Sheng & Sun, 2012, (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), have been reported on N. huizeensis (Li et al. 2012a(Li et al. , 2013. ...
... One paper found that the parasitism rate of sawfly cocoons was about 10.0% (Xu et al. 1990). Four parasitoids, Aptesis melana Li & Sheng, 2013, Aptesis nigricoxa Li & Sheng, 2013, Lamachus nigrus Li, Sheng & Sun, 2012, and Lamachus rufiabdominalis Li, Sheng & Sun, 2012, (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), have been reported on N. huizeensis (Li et al. 2012a(Li et al. , 2013. ...
... One paper found that the parasitism rate of sawfly cocoons was about 10.0% (Xu et al. 1990). Four parasitoids, Aptesis melana Li & Sheng, 2013, Aptesis nigricoxa Li & Sheng, 2013, Lamachus nigrus Li, Sheng & Sun, 2012, and Lamachus rufiabdominalis Li, Sheng & Sun, 2012, (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), have been reported on N. huizeensis (Li et al. 2012a(Li et al. , 2013. ...
The conifer sawfly, Neodiprion huizeensis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), is an injurious leaf feeder of Pinus spp. (Pinaceae) in China. Its parasitoid complex of overwintering cocoons was investigated in Weining, Guizhou during 2012. The average parasitism rate of overwintering cocoons of N. huizeensis by the parasitoid complex was 34.6%. The parasitoid complex included Drino auricapita (Diptera: Tachinidae), ichneumonids, and Trichomalus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). The average parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by D. auricapita was 13.1%. The puparial period of D. auricapita averaged 16.4 ± 0.1 d. The female to male ratio was 1.1: 1. The ichneumonid complex included Aptesis grandis, A. melana, A. nigricoxa, Delomerista indica, Lamachus rufiabdominalis, L. nigrus, Bathythrix sp., Caenocryptus sp., Exyston spp., Gelis sp., Goryphus sp., and Olesicampe sp. The parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by ichneumonids was 17.1%. The parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by Trichomalus sp. was 4.5%, and the female to male ratio was 3.7: 1. The dominant species of parasitoids was D. auricapita followed by A. melana. The emergence of overwintered adults of N. huizeensis had two peaks: the first from the 17th to the 23rd of February, 2012; the second from February 29th to March 15th, 2012. The emergence of the parasitoid complexes coincided with each other and occurred from February 23rd to March 6th, 2012. © 2016, Sociedad Colombiana de Entomologia. All rights reserved.
North-Western Palaearctic species of Pristiphora Latreille, 1810 are revised. Altogether, 90 species are treated, two of which are described as new: P. caraganae Vikberg & Prous, sp. n. from Finland and P. dedeara Liston & Prous, sp. n. from Germany. Host plant of P. caraganae is Caragana arborescens Lam. Pristiphora dasiphorae (Zinovjev, 1993) (previously known from East Palaearctic) and P. cadma Wong & Ross, 1960 (previously known from North America) are recorded for the first time from Europe. Nematus nigricans Eversmann, 1847 [= Pristiphora nigricans (Eversmann, 1847), comb. n.], N. breviusculus Eversmann, 1847 [= Euura melanocephalus (Hartig, 1837)], and N. caudalis Eversmann, 1847 [= E. caudalis (Eversmann, 1847), comb. n.] are removed from synonymy with P. pallidiventris (Fallén, 1808), N. paralellus Hartig, 1840 [= P. paralella (Hartig, 1840), comb. n.] is removed from synonymy with P. bufo (Brischke, 1883), and P. mesatlantica Lacourt, 1976 is removed from synonymy with P. insularis Rohwer, 1910. The following 29 new synonymies are proposed: P. nigropuncticeps Haris, 2002, syn. n. with P. albitibia (Costa, 1859); Lygaeonematus karvoneni Lindqvist, 1952, syn. n. with P. alpestris (Konow, 1903); P. (P.) anivskiensis Haris, 2006, syn. n. with P. appendiculata (Hartig, 1837); Nematus canaliculatus Hartig, 1840, syn. n with P. carinata (Hartig, 1837); P. nigrogroenblomi Haris, 2002, syn. n. with P. cincta Newman, 1837; Tenthredo flavipes Zetterstedt, 1838, syn. n., Nematus congener W.F. Kirby, 1882, syn. n., and P. thomsoni Lindqvist, 1953, syn. n. with P. dochmocera (Thomson, 1871); P. atrata Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n. with P. friesei (Konow, 1904); P. gelida Wong, 1968, syn. n. with P. frigida (Boheman, 1865); Pachynematus nigricorpus Takagi, 1931, syn. n. with P. laricis (Hartig, 1837); Nematus (Pikonema) piceae Zhelochovtsev in Zhelochovtsev and Zinovjev, 1988, syn. n. and P. (P.) hoverlaensis Haris, 2001, syn. n. with P. leucopodia (Hartig, 1837); Mesoneura arctica Lindqvist, 1959, syn. n., Pachynematus incisus Lindqvist, 1970, syn. n., Pachynematus intermedius Verzhutskii, 1974, syn. n., and P. mongololaricis Haris, 2003, syn. n. with P. malaisei (Lindqvist, 1952); Nematus anderschi Zaddach, 1876, syn. n., P. inocreata Konow, 1902, syn. n., and P. discolor Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n. with P. nigricans (Eversmann, 1847); Lygaeonematus tenuicornis Lindqvist, 1955, syn. n. with P. paralella (Hartig, 1840); Lygaeonematus concolor Lindqvist, 1952, syn. n. with P. pseudocoactula (Lindqvist, 1952); P. flavipicta Lindqvist, 1975, syn. n., P. flavopleura Haris, 2002, syn. n., P. mongoloexigua Haris, 2002, syn. n., and P. mongolofausta Haris, 2003, syn. n. with P. punctifrons (Thomson, 1871); P. listoni Lacourt, 1998, syn. n. with P. sootryeni Lindqvist, 1955; P. gaunitzi Lindqvist, 1968, syn. n. with P. testacea (Jurine, 1807); and Nematus breviusculus Eversmann, 1847, syn. n. with Euura melanocephalus (Hartig, 1837). The valid name of Pachynematus (Pikonema) carpathiensis Haris, 2001 is Nematinus carpathiensis (Haris, 2001) comb. n. Lectotypes are designated for 43 taxa. An illustrated electronic key made with Lucid and a traditional dichotomous key are provided to facilitate identification of the species. Species belonging to the carinata (previously Lygaeotus), micronematica (previously Lygaeophora), and rufipes (also known as thalictri or aquilegiae) groups are not keyed to the species level, because additional research is needed to delimit the species more reliably in these groups. Phylogeny of Pristiphora is reconstructed based on one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear (NaK and TPI) genes. Remarkably, around 50–60% (depending on the exclusion or inclusion of the carinata, micronematica, and rufipes groups) of the species cannot be reliably identified based on COI barcodes. Limited data from nuclear genes indicate a better identification potential (about 20% remain problematic).
Aim: This study is part of an active surveillance program for monitoring animal health status in endangered species, and was conducted to screen captive Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) for hemoplasma infection.
Materials and Methods: A total of 12 blood samples were collected, DNA extracted and further tested by a pan-hemoplasma polymerase chain reaction protocol.
Results: Animals were clinically healthy and not infested by ectoparasites. Although housekeeping gene DNA was successfully amplified, all the Barbary sheep samples tested negative for Mycoplasma sp.
Conclusion: Notwithstanding the negative results, molecular pathogen surveys on Barbary sheep and other exotic wild mammals may provide insights regarding infection of endangered species caused by captivity stress in association with exposure to new pathogens worldwide.
