Figures 1-8 - uploaded by Gerardo Robledo
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Macroscopic features of Amauroderma trichodermatum (1-7: L. Evans 74 LPB, 8: holotype SP 102864). 1: general view in situ. 2: close up of pilear surface. 3: general view of the pore surface. 4: general view of dried specimen. 5: longitudinal section of the pileus showing tube layer, context and hairs of the pileus. 6: longitudinal section of the stipe showing context with resinous bands and the tomentose surface. 7-8: close up of the longitudinal sections of the pilei showing detail of the trichoderm-like hairs. 1-3: Photos by D. Newman.
Source publication
Amauroderma trichodermatum is reported from Bolivia, the collection being the fourth one known worldwide. The species is unique in the genus by having a hirsute pileus and a monomitic hyphal system. The use of the epithet " trichodermatum " as a correction for the typographical error " trichodematum " is proposed. A description and illustrations ar...
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Citations
... In Africa, 18 Amauroderma species have been reported so far (Ryvarden et al., 2022), and only two of them have been included in phylogenetic studies. In addition, Neotropical species classified as Amauroderma with deviating morphology to the strict sense of the genus, such as A. trichodermatum, were suggested to belong to another genus (Robledo et al., 2015). ...
... £ 6.2À7.9 (À8.6) mm, IKI-. Specimen FURB 51,361 (Fig. 2) differs from the descriptions of Furtado (1981) and Robledo et al. (2015) in presenting a slightly discolored pileus surface and slightly larger basidiospores. The species was described as completely monomitic (Robledo et al., 2015); however, skeleto-binding and unbranched skeletal hyphae were found in the trama of the tubes in FURB 51,361, in accordance with Furtado (1981). ...
... Specimen FURB 51,361 (Fig. 2) differs from the descriptions of Furtado (1981) and Robledo et al. (2015) in presenting a slightly discolored pileus surface and slightly larger basidiospores. The species was described as completely monomitic (Robledo et al., 2015); however, skeleto-binding and unbranched skeletal hyphae were found in the trama of the tubes in FURB 51,361, in accordance with Furtado (1981). The strongly hairy pilear surface of the species is unique within the genus, making the species easily distinguished in the group. ...
... The conclusions based on phylogenetic evidence have certain credibility, while in this study, Ganodermataceae is still regarded as an independent family based on its remarkable morphological features to clarify the intergeneric and interspecific relationships. For the time being, we prefer to treat Ganodermataceae as an independent family different from Polyporaceae according to previous specialised studies on the Ganoderma group (Moncalvo & Ryvarden 1997, Robledo et al. 2015, Zhou et al. 2015, Hapuarachchi et al. 2018a, b, 2019a, b, Xing et al. 2018, Costa-Rezende et al. 2020a, b, Sun et al. 2020, Luangharn et al. 2021. The scientific status of Ganodermataceae within the Polyporales should be considered in morphology, phylogeny, and even whole genome sequences. ...
Ganodermataceae is one of the main families of macrofungi since species in the family are both ecologically and economically important. The double-walled basidiospores with ornamented endospore walls are the characteristic features of Ganodermataceae . It is a large and complex family; although many studies have focused on Ganodermataceae , the global diversity, geographic distribution, taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of Ganodermataceae still remained incompletely understood. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on worldwide species of Ganodermataceae were carried out by morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from six gene loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene ( rpb2 ), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene ( tef1 ), the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU) and the small subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU). A total of 1 382 sequences were used in the phylogenetic analyses, of which 817 were newly generated, including 132 sequences of ITS, 139 sequences of nLSU, 83 sequences of rpb2 , 124 sequences of tef1 , 150 sequences of mtSSU and 189 sequences of nSSU. The combined six-gene dataset included sequences from 391 specimens representing 146 taxa from Ganodermataceae . Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, 14 genera were confirmed in Ganodermataceae : Amauroderma , Amaurodermellus , Cristataspora , Foraminispora , Furtadoella , Ganoderma , Haddowia , Humphreya , Magoderna , Neoganoderma , Sanguinoderma , Sinoganoderma , Tomophagus and Trachydermella . Among these genera, Neoganoderma gen. nov. is proposed for Ganoderma neurosporum ; Sinoganoderma gen. nov. is proposed for Ganoderma shandongense ; Furtadoella gen. nov. is proposed to include taxa previously belonging to Furtadoa since Furtadoa is a homonym of a plant genus in the Araceae ; Trachydermella gen. nov. is proposed to include Trachyderma tsunodae since Trachyderma is a homonym of a lichen genus in the Pannariaceae . Twenty-three new species, viz., Ganoderma acaciicola , G. acontextum , G. alpinum , G. bubalinomarginatum , G. castaneum , G. chuxiongense , G. cocoicola , G. fallax , G. guangxiense , G. puerense , G. subangustisporum , G. subellipsoideum , G. subflexipes , G. sublobatum , G. tongshanense , G. yunlingense , Haddowia macropora , Sanguinoderma guangdongense , Sa. infundibulare , Sa. longistipitum , Sa. melanocarpum , Sa. microsporum and Sa. tricolor are described. In addition, another 33 known species are also described in detail for comparison. Scanning electron micrographs of basidiospores of 10 genera in Ganodermataceae are provided. A key to the accepted genera of Ganodermataceae and keys to the accepted species of Ganoderma , Haddowia , Humphreya , Magoderna , Sanguinoderma and Tomophagus are also provided. In total, 278 species are accepted as members of Ganodermataceae including 59 species distributed in China.
... Based on morphological characteristics, 24 species were included in Amauroderma s.str., of which 14 have DNA sequences. Amauroderma trichodematum presents a monomitic hyphal system and is probably related to Furtadoa (Robledo et al. 2015). Since this feature is not in accordance with the current circumscription of Amauroderma s.str., this species was not included in this key. ...
Amauroderma s.lat. has been defined mainly by the morphological features of non-truncate and double-walled basidiospores with a distinctly ornamented endospore wall. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on species of Amauroderma s.lat. are carried out by morphological examination together with ultrastructural observations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of multiple loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB1 ) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB2 ), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene ( TEF ) and the β-tubulin gene ( TUB ). The results demonstrate that species of Ganodermataceae formed ten clades. Species previously placed in Amauroderma s.lat. are divided into four clades: Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora , Furtadoa and a new genus Sanguinoderma . The classification of Amauroderma s.lat. is thus revised, six new species are described and illustrated, and eight new combinations are proposed. SEM micrographs of basidiospores of Foraminispora and Sanguinoderma are provided, and the importance of SEM in delimitation of taxa in this study is briefly discussed. Keys to species of Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora , Furtadoa , and Sanguinoderma are also provided.
... senso Costa-Rezende et al. (2016), such as Amauroderma sprucei which distinguishes within the genus by its whitish context with hyaline dextrinoid skeletal hyphae and a vivid orange pore surface in most of the specimens (Decock & Herrera-Figueroa 2006). There are also monomitic or nearly so species within Amauroderma, as A. trichodermatum and A. brasiliense (Robledo et al. 2015), as well as species with basidiospores with reticulate endosporium (A. deviatum) (Ryvarden 2004). ...
... The monomitic context of F. biseptata (Fig. 5), F. brasiliensis and F. corneri may represent a synapomorphy of Furtadoa. As A. trichodermatum also has a monomitic context, future studies will probably point out that this species should be better placed in Furtadoa, as already suggested by Robledo et al. (2015), who speculated that A. trichodermatum and A. brasiliense could be related. Furtadoa appears as not closely related to Amauroderma s.str. in both analyses ( Fig. 1-2). ...
... species. The hyphal system structure and the pale colour of the context suggest a relationship with Furtadoa (Robledo et al. 2015). 6 Foraminispora rugosa is so far the only representative of Foraminispora, being characterized by a whitish context, dextrinoid vegetative hyphae and subglobose spores with conspicuous ornamentation as endosporic projections column-like, some of them with a hole, that persists up to the exospore. ...
Ganodermataceae is a remarkable group of polypore fungi, mainly characterized by particular doublewalled
basidiospores with a coloured endosporium ornamented with columns or crests, and a hyaline smooth
exosporium. In order to establish an integrative morphological and molecular phylogenetic approach to clarify
relationship of Neotropical Amauroderma s.lat. within the Ganodermataceae family, morphological analyses, including
scanning electron microscopy, as well as a molecular phylogenetic approach based on one (ITS) and four
loci (ITS-5.8S, LSU, TEF-1α and RPB1), were carried out. Ultrastructural analyses raised up a new character for
Ganodermataceae systematics, i.e., the presence of perforation in the exosporium with holes that are connected with
hollow columns of the endosporium. This character is considered as a synapomorphy in Foraminispora, a new genus
proposed here to accommodate Porothelium rugosum (≡ Amauroderma sprucei). Furtadoa is proposed to accommodate
species with monomitic context: F. biseptata, F. brasiliensis and F. corneri. Molecular phylogenetic analyses
confirm that both genera grouped as strongly supported distinct lineages out of the Amauroderma s.str. clade.
... (ave-Q = 1.21)]. Amauroderma trichodermatum also has a monomitic context, but mainly differs by presenting a hairy pilear surface (Robledo et al. 2015). ...
... Amauroderma brasiliense is a distinctive neotropical species due to its monomitic context (see remarks in taxonomy). This feature (differing from the species in Amauroderma s.s.), combined with the molecular evidence showed by the topologies of distinct analyses (our work and Gomes-Silva et al. 2015), is good evidence that future studies may suggest this taxon is a new genus in which A. trichodermatum should be likely included, as speculated by Robledo et al. (2015), since these are the only two species that share the monomitism in the family. ...
During a polypore survey in the Cerrado (Mato Grosso state, Brazil), Amauroderma specimens were collected and some of them deserved special taxonomic attention due to their intermediate morphology between A. calcigenum and A. partitum. A comparative study of the types and reference material, as well as phylogenetic analysis, led us to conclude that these speci- mens represent an undescribed species, presented here as Amauroderma calcitum. In addition A. brasiliense is presented as a new record for the Brazilian Cerrado. Illustrations, taxonomic analyses and a discussion are presented for each taxon, and a key to the Amauroderma species from Brazil is provided. A phylogenetic discussion about the genus is also presented.
The identity and phylogenetic relationships of Laetiporaceae taxa (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) remain poorly studied. In this work we carry out a multigene phylogenetic analysis to identify the Laetiporus species that grow in South America and move forward the understanding of the phylogenetic relationships among the poroid genera of Laetiporaceae within the antrodia clade. Based on the morphology and molecular phylogenetic data, two new genera are proposed, Berckurtia to accommodate Berkcurtia persicina comb. nov. and Atlantiporus to accommodate Atlantiporus squalidus comb. nov., and 2 other new combinations Kusaghiporia talpae and Laetiporus dilatohyphus. A key to the poroid genera of the Laetiporaceae is also provided and the taxonomic implications for these species and related taxa are discussed.
From 2007 to 2014, specimens of Amauroderma were collected mostly in North and Northeast Brazil. Additionally, material deposited in herbaria was reviewed. The analysed specimens represented 20 species, six of them new to science: Amauroderma albostipitatum, A. floriformum, A. laccatostipitatum, A. ovisporum, A. sessile and A. subsessile. Twelve species, three of them new, had their ITS and/or LSU region of the DNA sequenced. According to the results, Amauroderma is not monophyletic; A. partitum and A. schomburgkii are macro-morphologically variable species; the synonym of A. calcigenum with A. partitum is not supported, and the use of macro- and micro-morphological characters is a useful tool to delimit species of the genus.
