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The eggs of the gastrointestinal parasites identified. This image realized with the software illustrator CS6 shows the different parasites observed in our study. (A) Ancylostoma spp., (B) Spirurida, (C) Isospora suis, (D) Ascaris suum, (E) Globocephalus spp., (F) Balantidium coli, (G) Trichostrongylus spp., (H) Oesophagostomum spp., (I) host species.
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Background and Aim: Gastrointestinal infestations caused by intestinal parasites are the most important diseases and the most common in pigs in the tropics. These parasites are often associated with a huge economic loss. This study aimed to assess the diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in farmed pigs from Haut-Ogooue Province, i...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... a total of 156 fecal samples, analyses revealed an overall prevalence of 98.7% (154/156). The pigs were found to be positive for Ancylostoma spp., Oesophagostomum spp., A. suum, Strongyloides spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Hyostrongylus spp., Globocephalus spp., and spirurida, as well as for the protozoa Balantidium coli and Isospora suis (Figure-2). ...
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Citations
... As principais fontes de contaminação para os suínos em confinamento são a ingestão de alimentos contaminados, canibalismo e a exposição a roedores ou até mesmo a interação com animais silvestres infectados (Zanella e Zanella, 2023). Além disso, fatores como idade, sexo e condições fisiológicas também podem influenciar na diversidade de infecção por estes endoparasitos (Rossi et al., 2014;Maganga et al., 2019). ...
Objetivo: Realizar uma análise espacial e epidemiológica da infecção por enteropatógenos de origem parasitária em suínos criados nas mesorregiões do leste e do sertão do estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo do tipo transversal, através do levantamento de dados de resultados de exames parasitológicos de amostras fecais de suínos mantidos em criações nos municípios de Capela e Nossa Senhora da Glória, situados respectivamente no Leste e sertão sergipano. A análise estatística foi realizada através software InStat GraphPad com nível de significância p<0,05. Posteriormente, foram construídos mapas de positividade para parasitos gastrointestinais por meio do software QGIS. Resultados: Nesse estudo analisou-se 50 amostras fecais (pools) pertencentes a 216 suínos. Permitindo-se observar que, 44% (22/50 p<0.001) das amostras avaliadas tiveram resultado positivo para presença de endoparasitos gastrintestinais. Os quais correspondem a uma população de 56,02% (121/216; p<0.001) suínos, os quais foram classificados e agrupados em helmintos (66,67%), em que 16,67% corresponderam aos platelmintos e 83,33% aos nematelmintos e protozoários (33,33%). Conclusão: Os dados demostraram que diversos parasitos gastrointestinais foram identificados em suínos das mesorregiões do sertão e leste do estado de Sergipe.
... Parasitic infections in pigs are estimated to be the second most critical concern after African swine fever in tropical and subtropical regions [22]. These parasitic infections significantly impede pig production [14,17,23], potentially affecting the performance of swine farms [24]. This issue is particularly prominent in developing countries, such as Thailand, where pig production is plagued by significant mortality rates due to various diseases, including parasitic infection [25][26][27]. ...
... These parasites are common in pig pens and can cause asymptomatic or subclinical infections. Some of these parasites may adversely affect the health of pigs and food quality [23]. Clinical manifestations such as diarrhea and emaciation may be attributed to Coccidia, Oesophastomum spp., Trichuris suis, and Strongyloides spp. ...
... This study revealed that A. suum infection had a significantly higher prevalence of 222 pigs (68.52%) compared to other regions such as Nepal (19.8%) [4], Sweden (43%) [5], Nigria (12.5%) [15], India (27.5%) [17], Greece (3.3%-4.6%) [20] and Central Africa (3.84%) [23]. A. suum is the most common internal parasite in swine, with similar infection rates in both young and adult pigs [30]. ...
Background and Aim
Gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infections are the foremost and prevalent diseases that affect pigs in Thailand. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GI parasites among pigs in Kalasin Province. This study is the first attempt to understand the occurrence of GI parasites in pigs within Kalasin province using fecal samples as the methodology.
Materials and Methods
We collected 324 fecal samples directly from the rectums of pigs from May to July 2023. The formalin-ethyl acetate concentration and floatation methods were used to examine these samples. The eggs or oocysts were identified by observing their morphology and size under a light microscope.
Results
Of the 324 fecal samples examined, 276 tested positive for gastrointestinal parasitic infections, resulting in a prevalence rate of 85.19%. Nematodes were the most prevalent, with Strongyle-type infections being the highest in 267 cases (82.41%), followed by Ascaris suum in 222 cases (68.52%), and Trichuris spp. in 152 cases (46.91%). Strongyloides spp. infections were also observed in 92 cases (28.40%). However, trematode infection was relatively rare, with only Fasciola spp. found in 15 cases (4.63%). We identified Eimeria spp. in 87 cases (26.85%), Iodamoeba spp. in 70 cases (21.60%), Balantidium coli in 67 cases (20.68%), and Isospora spp. in 52 cases (16.05%). Notably, most of the positive fecal samples showed double infections with a prevalence rate of approximately 38.27%. Single infections were the next most common, accounting for 25.31% of the cases, followed by 3 parasites (14.81%) and 4–5 parasites (6.79%).
Conclusion
This study underscores the high endemicity of GI parasites among pigs in Kalasin province. To improve prevention and control measures, it is recommended to establish a health monitoring program that includes deworming and emphasizes good hygiene practices. The insights gained from this study will contribute to the enhancement of pig farming practices in Kalasin province, ultimately leading to improved production and profitability. In addition, future research should focus on detecting these parasites in Kalasin and exploring their relationship with human transmission cycle.
... Another possible explanation maybe, piglets were mostly left free ranging in home as well as in commercial farms. Such free range of young animals increases the chance of infection via exposure with sewage, poor environmental sanitation around the study area or other infected animal and fomites (Conteh & Gogra, 2019;Maganga et al., 2019). coli. ...
... High prevalence of GIPs in our study animals may be partially attributed to the practice of open defecation with easy access of pig to the waste of pigs and/or humans together, the way pigs are raised in our survey sites with easy access to intermediate hosts at banks of stream, together with faecaloral life cycles, and poorly managed pig housing (based on personal observation) like rearing pigs of different ages together, infrequent removal of excreta, non-disinfection of equipment and lack of routine deworming program. The pattern and severity of parasitic infection can be attributed to the environment and conditions in which animals are kept(Maganga et al., 2019), and poor routine treatment(Omoruyi & Agbinone, 2020). ...
Background
Pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus), an important domestic livestock, are generally affected by helminth and protozoan parasites. Rearing pigs in rural regions in Nepal is a common practice for subsistence farming. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs) in pigs raised in Western Nepal.
Methods
A total of 200 faecal samples from commercial and smallholder farms were examined by wet mounts, flotation, sedimentation and staining techniques.
Results
The results revealed that overall 86.5% of samples were found shedding oocysts or eggs of one or more GIPs. Three species of protozoa [Eimeria sp. (26%), Entamoeba coli (25.5%) and Coccidia (29%)] and nine species of helminths parasites (Ascaris suum (32.5%), Trichuris suis (30%), strongyle‐type nematode (27.5%), hookworm (26%), Fasciola sp. (17.5%), Physaloptera sp. (17.5%), Strongyloides sp. (17.5%), Metastrongylus sp. (8%) and Oesophagostomum sp. (5.5%)] were identified. Female pigs were found to have higher protozoan infection than males, but such a difference was not noticed with regard to helminth parasites. Strongyles and Oesophagostomum infection were higher in commercial farms compared to smallholder farms, whereas the prevalences of E. coli and other protozoans were higher in smallholder farms. Among the contextual factors evaluated for association, weight and gender of pigs, and annual income and gender of managers/caretakers were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the prevalence of GIPs in pigs. The overall prevalence of certain helminths such as strongyle‐type nematode and A. suum was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the weight of pigs after adjusting other contextual factors.
Conclusions
This study detected relatively high prevalence of intestinal parasites in domestic pig facilities. Molecular epidemiological studies are essential to verify the exact zoonotic potential of parasites carried by pigs in the region. An effective periodic monitoring of GIPs of pigs needs to be carried out to minimize their further dissemination.
... Species belonging to the genus Trichostrongylus, mainly T. colubriformis and T. axei are usually found in small ruminants (goats and sheep) and also parasites and the digestive tract of pigs in many regions [31,32]. In the studied locality, the close proximity in which small ruminants and pigs are raised may favor cross-host transmission of Trichostrongylus, which was detected infecting pigs in the present study. ...
Some helminth species belonging to the order Strongylida are parasites of the digestive tract of vertebrates, including man and domestic animals. In humans, infections with Oesophagostomum spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. may be misdiagnosed as hookworm disease on parasitological stool examination, mainly in regions where these infections are coendemic, since eggs released in hosts’ feces are morphologically similar. This study presents the morphologic characterization of Strongylida larvae recovered from humans and pigs living in close proximity, exploring putative zoonotic cycles. One hundred three humans and 27 pigs were included in low-resource rural communities in the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil. Strongylida eggs were present in 12 (11.7%) humans and 23 (85.2%) pigs through conventional parasitological examination. Strongylida-positive fecal samples were submitted to coprocultures using the Harada–Mori technique. All 22 larvae obtained from human feces were classified as hookworms (Ancylostomatidae). From a total of 37 larvae obtained from swine, 23 (62.3%) were classified as Oesophagostomum, 6 (16.2%) were Hyostrongylus, and 4 (10.8%) were Trichostrongylus. Four larvae (10.8%) obtained from pigs were classified as Strongyloides. The morphological study of filariform larvae obtained in coprocultures is a useful and inexpensive tool in the screening of intestinal helminthiasis in a One Health approach.
... In studies conducted in different countries, domestic animals have been described with high prevalence percentages. These studies also highlight the high infection percentage among sheep, pigs, and cows [12,13]. A study conducted in India revealed a high parasite prevalence in chickens [14]. ...
... (27.45%). However, most parasite species identified in this study have zoonotic potential and worldwide distribution [13,14,22]. ...
The Brazilian state of Mato Grosso comprises the biomes Cerrado, Pantanal, and Amazon rainforest. The animals that make up the biodiversity of these biomes have an ongoing relationship with domestic animals. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and diversity of intestinal parasites in different class of animal hosts, domestic and wild, from the three biomes of Brazil’s central region, during 2019. We analyzed animal faecal samples by sedimentation tests and centrifugal flotation in sucrose. The Shannon index test to calculate diversity and equitability, was used. In the 280 samples analyzed, 79.64% was positive. Domestic animals showed positivity of 87% and wild animals of 51%, being mammals the most prevalent, with 81%. Blastocystis sp. was the most prevalent protozoan, and Ascaris sp. of the helminths. Shannon’s indexes were higher for the Pantanal. Overall, pigs, cows, and chickens had high prevalence values and diversity and equitability of enteroparasites. Due to the great diversity of parasites found in pigs, cows and chickens, these animals can play an important role in the transmission and maintenance of the infection to other mammals, including humans.
