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Principales nanofósiles calcáreos biomarcadores de la Formación Agrio registrados en su localidad tipo. Todas las fotografías han sido tomadas con nicoles cruzados y magnificación de 1000 aumentos . La barra indica 2 μm; a) Zeugrhabdotus embergeri (Nöel) Perch- Nielsen, BAFC-NP 2861, AG 14d; b) Cocósfera de Watznaueria sp., BAFC-NP 2835, AG 3b; c) Watznaueria ovata Bukry, BAFC-NP 2837, AG 3d; d) Diazomatolithus galicianus de Kaenel and Bergen, BAFC-NP 2886, BA 13.2; e) Watznaueria fossacincta (Black) Bown, BAFC-NP 2827, AG 1ª; f) Micrantholithus hoschulzii (Reinhardt) Thierstein, BAFC-NP 2886, BA 13.2; g) Zeugrhabdotus diplogrammus (Deflandre) Burnett, BAFC-NP 2859 AG 14b; h) Watznaueria barnesiae (Black) Perch- Nielsen, BAFC-NP 2841, AG 5b; i) Clepsilithus maculosus Rutledge y Bown, BAFC-NP 2868, AG 20 a; j) Eiffellithus striatus (Black) Applegate y Bergen, BAFC 2916, BA 13; k) Nannoconus bucheri, Brönnimann, BAFC-NP 2885, BA 13; l) Nannoconus circularis Deres y Achéritéguy, BAFC-NP 2886, BA 13.2. BA: Miembro Pilmatué, AG: Miembro Agua de la Mula.
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Las rocas del Cretácico Inferior de cuenca Neuquina son excepcionales desde el punto de vista estratigráfico y paleontológico y representan una de las series más completas de los Andes. Los extensos afloramientos y su abundante contenido fosilífero permiten realizar buenas correlaciones entre localidades y el estudio detallado de las faunas registr...
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URL de la contribución <www.iaph.es/revistaph/index.php/revistaph/article/view/3505> RESUMEN La paleobiología es una disciplina que estudia el registro fósil de animales y vegetales con fines biológicos, evolutivos y paleoecológicos. No obstante, cuando el material orgánico procede de yacimientos arqueológicos se utiliza para investigar las costumb...
The dinocephalians (Synapsida, Therapsida) were one of the dominant tetrapod groups of the Middle Permian (Guadalupian Epoch, ~270–260 million years ago) and are most abundantly recorded in the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone (AZ) of the Main Karoo Basin, South Africa. Dinocephalians are thought to have become extinct near the top of the Abrahamskra...
Parole chiave: gasteropodi, Calcare di Esino, Ladinico, Grigne. Riassunto Con la presente nota si descrivono nove gastero-podi fossili raccolti nel Calcare di Esino del Gruppo delle Grigne e conservati nelle collezioni paleontolo-giche del museo di Scienze Naturali del Collegio di San Francesco di Lodi. Oltre che al valore puramente scientifico, i...
Citations
... Ash beds are sporadically present through the whole succession. Besides the ammonoids, it contains many abundant mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) and several other invertebrates (Aguirre-Urreta et al., 2008Lazo et al., 2009). Currently it embraces five ammonoid zones, from base to top: Spitidiscus riccardii Zone, Crioceratites schlagintweiti Zone, Crioceratites diamantensis Zone, Paraspiticeras groeberi Zone and Sabaudiella riverorum Zone. ...
The Paraspiticeras groeberi Zone is one of the five ammonoid biozones previously recognized in the Agua de la Mula Member of the Agrio Formation of late Hauterivian age in the Neuquén Basin of west-central Argentina. However, the ammonoid faunas of this zone and the beds immediately below, corresponding to the upper levels of the current Crioceratites diamantensis Zone, remain poorly known. Extensive collections now allow us to recognize a diverse endemic ammonoid fauna. After an exhaustive taxonomic and stratigraphic review, the Paraemericiceras argentinense and Paraspiticeras bituberculatum Zones are proposed to replace the P. groeberi Zone and the original index species is now placed in Vutacuracrioceras gen. nov. Vutacuracrioceras groeberi first appears with the earliest Paraemericiceras argentinense gen. et sp. nov. and extends through both zones. It is joined in the Paraspiticeras bituberculatum Zone by the index species and
Paraspiticeras sp. aff. P. precrassispinum, Australopseudothurmannia flexuosa gen. et sp. nov. and Hamulinites sp. Based on this new biostratigraphic scheme, the late Hauterivian in the Neuquén Basin is represented now by six ammonoids zones that can be correlated provisionally with the European standard of the West Mediterranean Province of the
Tethyan Realm
... In particular, uppermost JurassiceLower Cretaceous marine successions are superlative in terms of abundance and preservation of marine invertebrates and vertebrates described since the beginning of the nineteenth century. The usefulness of these faunas is repeatedly demonstrated in the literature of the last 30 years, including successful applications in biostratigraphy, paleoecology, and macroevolution, among others (e.g., Aguirre-Urreta et al., 2007, 2019Cataldo and Lazo, 2016;Lazo et al., 2005Lazo et al., , 2008Lazo et al., , 2009Milla Carmona et al., 2018;Vennari, 2016). A broad variety of marine communities and ecosystems coexisted in this basin and succeeded each other for several million years, and thus many different biotic interactions must have taken place. ...
Evidence of durophagous predatory behavior on benthic invertebrates in the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin is scarce, despite the abundant record of potential predators. Herein, we document shell repair in one gastropod from lower Barremian marginal-marine deposits in northern Neuquén Basin, Argentina. This is the first report of shell repair on Early Cretaceous gastropods from Argentina and of shell repair frequencies from the Lower Cretaceous. Paleoanculosa macrochilinoides shells from three sections of the La Tosca Member (Huitrín Formation) in Mendoza province were studied. We described and interpreted the repaired breakage, calculated repair frequencies which were compared among localities, tested for geographic differences in size distribution of total samples and of repaired vs. undamaged shells, and assessed whether this species reached a size refuge. Studied shell repair consists of fractures cutting through growth lines roughly diagonally, from suture to suture, and near the aperture, thus representing apertural damage. Given its stereotypical nature, the damage represents the record of a biotic interaction, likely sublethal predation, instead of diagenetic compaction or damage by physical disturbance. Repair frequencies are low, indicating that shell architecture made P. macrochilinoides susceptible to lethal predatory attacks, or else that there were few predator-prey encounters. There are no major geographic differences regarding repair frequency, size distribution, and preservation. Likely, P. macrochilinoides did not reach a size refuge. This study provides evidence from both a time slice and geographic area with scarce data on crushing predation and from an in-between phase within the Mesozoic Marine Revolution.
... Pelagic organisms seem to be also greater contributors to the accumulation of carbonate mud Hay 2004). In the pelagic carbonate factory, ammonoids (also, ammonoids impressions), pelagic foraminifer tests, calcispheres (presumably derived from green algae), fecal pellets, radiolarians, and calcareous nannofossils are recognized in this study and have been also previously reported (Lazo et al. 2009;Concheyro et al. 2009;Aguirre-Urreta and Rawson 2010;Lescano 2012;Lescano and Concheyro 2014;Aguirre-Urreta et al. 2019;Moore et al. 2020). Hence, it is proved that macroinvertebrates and microinvertebrates represent an abundant part of the pelagic carbonate factory for the Pilmatué Member. ...
Mixed siliciclastic–carbonate sediments in the distal settings of marine systems (i.e., offshore and basin areas) are the result of the complex interaction between production of benthic and pelagic biogenic carbonates and the exportation of terrigenous, and/or carbonate mud from shallow-marine settings. Thus, the origin of mud (particles < 63 mm) of different compositions and the processes responsible for mixing them play a key role in the final distal deposits of mixed systems. Although the understanding of these topics in shallow settings has made significant progress, one of the critical issues is to recognize them in the offshore and basinal settings for understanding the link between shallow-marine and deep-marine areas. In this study, a thick Lower Cretaceous succession (330–650 m) of the Neuquén Basin, composed mostly of mixed (siliciclastic–carbonate) fine-grained marine deposits, was studied through a high-resolution analysis of petrography, SEM analysis, and mineralogy, to define and characterize the origin of carbonate and terrigenous mud as well as to characterize the processes involved in the mixing of terrigenous and carbonate mud on a storm-dominated ramp. Contrary to previous suggestions, most of the carbonate recognized in the basinal setting is composed of silt- to sand-size skeletal remains and micrite (micarbs) and is likely derived from a pelagic biogenic factory combined with carbonate derived from the maceration of benthic organism. Furthermore, micarbs are possibly diagenetic in origin but with a distally produced carbonate precursor. In contrast, the siliciclastic fraction is entirely detrital, being silt-size quartz particles and clay minerals (mainly illite) the most important constituents. Most of the terrigenous mud delivered from shallow areas acts to dilute the distally produced carbonate mud. However, a bloom of carbonate production able to dilute terrigenous supply is recorded, and its origin is likely triggered by the input of waters charged with nutrients from the paleo–Pacific Ocean in addition to nutrients derived from proto-Andes volcanic activity. This demonstrates that the relation between the terrestrially derived siliciclastic components and the biogenically produced carbonates in mixed systems is not linear, but a complex interaction of climate, sea-level, origin of the components, and hydrography of the basin, among others.
... 1-3), incluyendo el holotipo, fue colectado cerca del tope de la unidad (nivel Kt P3) en el cerro Katterfeld asociado con amonoideos que fueron asignados a Favrella americana (Fig. 15, Olivero 1982, Camacho y Olivero 1985. Es destacable que S. katterfeldensis presenta notables similitudes morfológicas y se registra en niveles coetáneos, entre el Valanginiano superior y el Hauteriviano, con las siguientes especies: 1) S. posadaensis Camacho y Olivero, lago Posadas, Formación Río Mayer, cuenca Austral; 2) S. maxima Camacho y Olivero, lago Salitroso, "Gio beds", cuenca Austral; 3) S. vacaensis (Weaver), Miembro Agua de la Mula, Formación Agrio, cuenca Neuquina y 4) S. herzogi (Goldfuss) procedente de las pizarras negras de Coyhaique (Aysén, Chile) y de la Formación Sundays River, cuenca Algoa, Sudáfrica (Reyes Bianchi 1970, Camacho y Olivero 1985, Cooper 1991, Lazo 2003, Lazo et al. 2009, Aguirre-Urreta et al. 2011. ...
D.4. INVERTEBRADOS MARINOS MESOZOICOS
This chapter analyzes the fossil marine invertebrates recorded in Chubut Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, except for the gastropods of the Liassic Basin that are studied in another chapter. The text is organized into four independent sections, thus covering: 1) the Chubut Basin of Liassic age, 2) the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Río Mayo Embayment of southwestern Chubut, 3) the Late Cretaceous Paso del Sapo Embayment, and 4) the deposits of the eastern extra-Andean area and the coastal region of Maastrichtian age. The Liassic Basin is in the west-central region and contains a diverse
fauna of abundant mollusks where bivalves, gastropods and ammonoids predominate, together with corals, brachiopods, few crinoids and crustaceans of Pliensbachian-Toarcian age. In the southwest, in the region of the La Plata and Fontana lakes, the Río Mayo Embayment records a succession of sediments interbedded with volcanic rocks from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. These rocks carry a fauna dominated by ammonoids, oysters and trigonioids. Other bivalves, gastropods, belemnoids, stromatoporoids, corals, echinoderms, brachiopods, bryozoans and serpulids are also
registered. In the middle valley of the Chubut River, the Late Cretaceous rocks bear a varied fauna of bivalves and gastropods, associated with few heteromorph ammonoids and decapod crustaceans. Finally, in the northeast extra-Andean region and in the southern coast of the province, there are few remnants of Maastrichtian rocks whose age is asserted by the presence of trigonioid bivalves.
... The long tradition of biostratigraphic studies centered on its abundant Jurassic-Cretaceous ammonoid faunas has led to the development of high-resolution biostratigraphic charts for southwestern Gondwana and their correlation with the Tethys (e.g. Riccardi et al. 2000;Aguirre-Urreta et al. 2005, 2007Lazo et al. 2009; Aguirre-Urreta and Rawson 2012). These detailed ammonoid zonations provided the temporal framework used here (for further details, see Milla Carmona et al. 2018). ...
Despite the paleontological relevance and paleobiological interest of trigoniid bivalves, our knowledge of their ontogeny—an aspect of crucial evolutionary importance—remains limited. Here, we assess the intra- and interspecific ontogenetic variations exhibited by the genus Steinmanella Crickmay (Myophorellidae: Steinmanellinae) during the early Valanginian–late Hauterivian of Argentina and explore some of their implications. The (ontogenetic) allometric trajectories of seven species recognized for this interval were estimated from longitudinal data using 3D geometric morphometrics, segmented regressions, and model selection tools, and then compared using trajectory analysis and allometric spaces. Our results show that within-species shell shape variation describes biphasic ontogenetic trajectories, decoupled from ontogenetic changes shown by sculpture, with a gradual decay in magnitude as ontogeny progresses. The modes of change characterizing each phase (crescentic growth and anteroposterior elongation, respectively) are conserved across species, thus representing a feature of Steinmanella ontogeny; its evolutionary origin is inferred to be a consequence of the rate modification and allometric repatterning of the ancestral ontogeny. Among species, trajectories are more variable during early ontogenetic stages, becoming increasingly conservative at later stages. Trajectories’ general orientation allows recognition of two stratigraphically consecutive groups of species, hinting at a potentially higher genus-level diversity in the studied interval. In terms of functional morphology, juveniles had a morphology more suited for active burrowing than adults, whose features are associated with a sedentary lifestyle. The characteristic disparity of trigoniids could be related to the existence of an ontogenetic period of greater shell malleability betrayed by the presence of crescentic shape change.
... In the Centenario field, near Neuquén city (Fig. 1C), this unit is composed of sandstone-dominated fluvial red beds (Fig. 3B), with subordinate mudstones and siltstones (Digregorio, 1972;Uliana et al., 1977). The Pilmatué-Lower Centenario interval varies from 700 m of thickness in the central part of the basin (Lazo et al., 2009;Schwarz et al., 2016), to ~100 m at the marginal sectors located to the NE in the subsurface (Iñigo et al., 2018) and in southernmost outcrops (Luci and Lazo, 2015). The unit is also present (albeit thin) within the tectonically complex Huincul High and the less deformed subsurface sector located to its south (Silvestro and Zubiri, 2008) (Fig. 1C). ...
... The proportion of delta-plain and delta-front deposits decreases westward, with the coeval increment of prodelta and offshore deposits. Each depositional stage is bounded by a transgressive surface suggesting tens of kilometers of landward displacement of the shoreline (Fig. 4) Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geosphere/article-pdf/doi/10.1130/GES02284.1/5207074/ges02284.pdf by guest biostratigraphy in outcrops (Lazo et al., 2009) and their potential correlation in the subsurface. ...
... Facies and vertical trends suggest that this coarsening-upward package most probably represents accumulation as a fluvio-dominated mouth bar in a delta-front setting . This sand-rich interval is unique within the overall mudstone-dominated succession exposed in the Agrio del Medio anticline (Lazo et al., 2009) and is therefore correlated to the maximum progradation identified within the El Mangrullo field (top of Sequence 2, Fig. 4). ...
Sedimentary basins located at the margins of continents act as the final base level for continental-scale catchments that are sometimes located thousands of kilometers away from the basin, and this condition of exceptionally long sediment transfer zones is probably reinforced in supercontinents, such as Gondwana. One of the most prominent marine basins in southwestern Gondwana during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous was the Neuquén Basin (west-central Argentina), but its role as a sediment repository of far-flung source areas has not been extensively considered. This contribution provides the first detailed detrital-zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Valanginian–Hauterivian Pilmatué Member of the Agrio Formation, which is combined with sedimentology and paleogeographic reconstructions of the unit within the Neuquén Basin for a better understanding of the fluvial delivery systems. Our detrital-zircon signatures suggest that Triassic–Permian zircon populations were probably sourced from the adjacent western sector of the North Patagonian Massif, whereas Early Jurassic, Cambrian, Ordovician, and Proterozoic grains were most likely derived from farther east, in the eastern sector of the North Patagonian Massif, as well as presently remote terranes such as the Saldania Belt in southern Africa. We thus propose a Valanginian–Hauterivian longitudinal delivery system that, starting in the mid-continent region of southwestern Gondwana and by effective sorting, was bringing fine-grained or finer caliber sand to the Neuquén Basin shoreline. This delivery system was probably active (though not necessarily continuously) from Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous until finally coming to an end during the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean in the latest Early Cretaceous.
... A lo largo del tiempo ha sido estudiada principalmente por su contenido paleontológico y cuenta con innumerables trabajos. Entre ellos, cabe citar: Gerth (1925 a y b); Leanza y Garate (1987); Aguirre Urreta y Rawson (1997); Aguirre Urreta et al. (1999); Bown y Concheyro (2004) y Lazo et al. (2009). ...
... The unit is widely exposed in the thrust and folds belts of the Cordillera Principal over more than 600 km in a N-S trend, and it is also present in the subsurface of the Neuquén Embayment totalizing an area of more than 100,000 km 2 (Marchese 1971;Legarreta and Uliana 1991). The knowledge of the Agrio Formation is important for biostratigraphic and palaeontological correlations between the Gondwana and Tethyan faunas (Riccardi 1984;Bown and Concheyro 2004;Aguirre-Urreta et al. 2007, Aguirre-Urreta andPaolillo et al. 2018), as well as for palaeocological and taphonomical studies (Aguirre-Urreta et al. 2005, 2007Lazo et al. 2005Lazo et al. , 2009Lescano and Concheyro 2014;Cataldo and Lazo 2016), besides sedimentological-ichnological and stratigraphical approaches (Legarreta and Gulisano 1989;Sagasti 2005;Spalletti et al. 2001a, Spalletti et al. 2001bArchuby et al. 2011;Pazos 2012, 2013;Pazos et al. 2012;Guler et al. 2013;Comerio 2016;Schwarz et al. 2018). In addition, the relevance of the Agrio Formation is related to hydrocarbon exploration, including both conventional and unconventional reservoirs (Uliana and Legarreta 1993;Boll et al. 2014). ...
The Agrio Formation (late Early Valanginian–earliest Barremian) is an environmentally complex marine and continental succession that involves unconformities and flooding surfaces that respond to tectonic thermal subsidence. Internally, the Pilmatué Member contains five third-order sequences eustatically controlled. The Avilé Member starts over a regional unconformity that is the result of erosion and bypass by tectonic quiescence and only punctuated subsidence permits to explain the abnormal thickness in some areas. The Agua de la Mula Member starts with an isochronous and geologically instantaneous inundation which is better explained by tectonic subsidence rather than global eustatism. It contains four sequences but of fourth order. It also shows a sedimentary input from the east in some areas, largely neglected in the literature. The Chorreado Member, from a sequence stratigraphy point of view, is part of the Mendoza Group as it does not represent a basin expansion after a minor unconformity during the Barremian. Contrarily, the unconformity that marks the base of the Troncoso Member of the Huitrín Formation is an evidence of intense regional basin reorganization. The depocentres in the discussed intervals and units shift to the northwest while the thickness in proximal areas in the two marine members of the Agrio Formation point out to accommodation space created by tectonism. This is the first sequence stratigraphic model for the interval in two decades after the first absolute ages and latest biozone calibration provided for the Agrio Formation.
... The uppermost part of the unit was tidally influenced Fernández and Pazos, 2013), while the lowermost levels have been interpreted as an open marine ramp under fluctuating rates of siliciclastic input and carbonate productivity (Spalletti et al., 2001b;Comerio et al., 2018). This highly fossiliferous unit presents varied and abundant evidence of invertebrate fauna (e.g., Aguirre-Urreta, 2003;Cichowolski, 2003;Lazo et al., 2005Lazo et al., , 2009Rodríguez, 2007;Taylor et al., 2009;Aguirre-Urreta et al., 2011;Luci et al., 2013;Fernández and Pazos, 2013;Cataldo, 2014). However, ophiuroids were never before described in the unit. ...
The first articulated remains of ophiuroids for the Mesozoic of South America are described from the Lower Cretaceous of Neuquén Basin, Argentina. The taxonomic analysis allows the assignment of the material described herein to the extinct genus Ophiopetra. The specimens belong to a new species, but considering the poor preservation, a new name is not introduced, as it would be based on an incomplete diagnosis. Certain characteristics (e.g., the diameter of the disc, the width/height ratio of the vertebrae) suggest that these ophiuroids are paedomorphic specimens. In light of the latest classification of the Ophiuroidea, and new insights on the spine articulation microstructure of Ophiopetra lithographica presented herein, a transfer of Ophiopetra to the family Ophionereididae within the order Amphilepidida is proposed. This material expands the palaeogeographic record of this genus, since it represents the first remains of Ophiopetra described in the Southern Hemisphere. It is also the first Cretaceous record of the genus worldwide.
... The Agua de la Mula Member contains varied and abundant macrofossils including bivalves, corals, ammonoids, gastropods, serpulids, sponges, echinoids, decapods, etc. (e.g., Cichowolski, 2003;Lazo et al., 2005Lazo et al., , 2009Rodríguez, 2007;Taylor et al., 2009;Aguirre-Urreta et al., 2011;Cataldo, 2013;Luci et al., 2013). Some groups are only known through their trace fossils (e.g. ...
Most stellate trace fossils of the ichnogenus Asteriacites are attributed to asterozoan producers in general and the majority is the result of the work of ophiuroids. The fossil record of asterozoans is scarce in South America, particularly for the Mesozoic. Asteriacites specimens found in shallow- to marginal-marine Lower Cretaceous (upper Hauterivian-lower Barremian) deposits in the Neuquén Basin (Patagonia, Argentina) exhibit sculpture and morphometry typical of asteroid producers. This is the second record of asteroids from the Lower Cretaceous of South America. The close association between these Asteriacites possibly produced by astropectinids and traces assignable to Siphonichnidae are suggestive of a predator-prey interaction, adding palaeoecological information for community-structure reconstruction of these deposits. For ichnotaxonomic evaluation, morphometric parameters of Asteriacites were elaborated using simple photogrammetric procedures applied on negative epirelief specimens and undertraces to define edges of the stellate trace fossils.
