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Chlorophyllum rhacodes. A. Hábito (material herborizado). B. Superfície do píleo. C. Lamelas e anel. D. Basídios bisporados. E. Queilocistídios e esporos. F. Esporos dextrinoides. Barras: D-F= 10µm. Figure 5. Chlorophyllum rhacodes. A. Habit (material from herbarium). B. Pileus surface. C. Gills and ring. D. Bispored basidia. E. Cheilocystidia and spores. E. Dextrinoid spores. Bars: D-F= 10µm.
Source publication
This work reports the occurrence of fungi species of the genera Chlorophyllum Massee and Macrolepiota Singer, the latter not yet registered for São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study area is located in the Pampa biome, being the samplings conducted between April 2011 and May 2012. The micobiota studied in the area is represented un...
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Citations
... Distribución� En Colombia, se encuentra en los departamentos del Magdalena (Luna-Fontalvo et al., 2021), Antioquia, Boyacá y Cundinamarca (Franco-Molano et al., 2010;Gómez-Montoya et al., 2022). También en Estados Unidos (Pegler, 1983) y Brasil (Alves et al., 2016). Características del hábitat y sustrato� Hongo terrícola, gregario. ...
Los Agaricales son un grupo amplio y complejo de hongos del Phylum Basidiomycota, que se caracterizan por formar estructuras sexuales macroscópicas llamadas cuerpos fructíferos o basidiocarpos y estructuras microscópicas con valor taxonómico. Estas fases sexuales pueden tener diversas formas y tamaños, tipo «sombreros», que en su mayoría rodean un himenio laminar. Los Agaricales habitan en sustratos leñosos, en asociaciones con plantas, materia orgánica y suelo. Son relevantes para el ecosistema por su rol como descomponedores de la materia orgánica. Además, por sus múltiples usos, tienen importancia económica para la sociedad. Su taxonomía está determinada por sus características morfológicas, ecológicas y moleculares. En este catálogo se describen 35 ejemplares de macrohongos Agaricales recolectados en el campus de la Universidad del Magdalena, de los cuales 14 fueron identificados hasta el nivel de especie, y 21, hasta género. La información expuesta está al alcance de la comunidad académica y los aficionados a los hongos, acompañada con excelentes fotografías a color e ilustraciones detalladas que permiten identificar sus características morfológicas, esenciales para reconocer a las especies. A su vez, este trabajo de investigación ha contribuido con la Colección Micológica del Centro de Colecciones Científicas de la Universidad del Magdalena.
... In the Pampa biome, the mushroom Macrolepiota bonaerensis (Agaricaceae) and the bird popularly known as Shiny Cowbird (Molothrus Studies in Multidisciplinary Review, Curitiba, v.3, n.2, p.153-167, apr./jun., 2022 bonariensis -Icteridae) were recorded (ALVES et al., 2016;PUTZKE;PUTZKE, 2017). Both are associated with the vegetation of the grasslands in Pampa. ...
... Zone A formed an active water channel, and these conditions were not ideal for M. bonaerensis (ROTHER;SILVEIRA, 2008). Zones B and C showed better conditions, being that zone B is a flood plain, and zone C is a filter area, both ideal for the occurrence of M. bonaerensis (SOBESTIANSKY, 2005;ALVES et al., 2016). To Berretta (2021) the conditions in these regions, principally the riparian zone, as in zone C, generally have more species diversity. ...
Bird-fungi associations are ecologically important, and the species of these groups that occur in the Pampa biome region have different characteristics. The Shiny Cowbirds (Molothrus bonariensis – Icteridae) is a ground foraging bird that cohabits vegetation of grasslands. Some mushrooms of this biome have considerably large and edible basidiomes, such as species of genus Macrolepiota (Agaricaceae). Therefore, the objective of this study was to contribute to the first description of mycophagy for the Pampa biome, including the species Molothrus bonariensis and Macrolepiota bonariensis. Data were submitted to a test of variance ANOVA and Tukey test at a 5% significance level. For the quantitative multivariate data, the test of Kiviat was elaborated. The test of Schumacher and Eschmeyer was used to determine the degree of interaction of the birds with the mushrooms. 60 hours of observations were realized with a flock of bird containing approximately 76 individuals in the study area. 30 fresh scat samples and 10 mushrooms that showed pecks signals were collected from the area georeferenced. Microscopic analysis of scat of birds revealed basidiospores of mushroom. For the record of foraging events, the mycophagy of birds was higher in zones with more occurrence of mushrooms. The results assist in better understand this important mycophagy interaction between the Shiny Cowbird and the mushroom M. bonaerensis. The study confirms that bird-fungal mycophagy associations are more widespread than previously thought.
... Singer, M. zeyheri (Fr.) Singer (Bi et al., 1993;Boa et al., 2004;Putzke et al., 2014;Rizal et al., 2016;Kumari et al., 2013;Alves et al., 2016). Apenas Macrolepiota rhacodes (Vitt.) ...
... Singer, M. zeyheri (Fr.) Singer (Bi et al., 1993;Boa et al., 2004;Putzke et al., 2014;Rizal et al., 2016;Kumari et al., 2013;Alves et al., 2016). Apenas Macrolepiota rhacodes (Vitt.) ...
The Agaricaceae family is made up of generally easily recognizable mushrooms that are widely used for human consumption, as many species are edible and large. In it are commercially cultivated species, such as commonly called champignon, as well as others already collected by amateurs throughout Brazil and the world. However, there are toxic species in the group, eventually confused with edible and others that have been introduced accidentally or deliberately, leading to much confusion. In order to allow the identification of native and introduced species found in Brazil, we reviewed material already cataloged in this country and developed a list and an identification key to facilitate the recognition and differentiation of species. From a total of 165 species of Agaricaceae mushrooms found in Brazil, 41 are edible and 12 toxics, for which an identification key is presented assembling all the cited species with pileus diameter above 4 cm, including species with no information about edibility.
The study of Agaricomycetes in the Brazilian Pampa Biome is still incipient, but it is very necessary for the valorization and preservation activities in this area. In terms of fungal diversity, it is the least studied Brazilian biome, with only 84 species already described for the site, despite the great diversity of fauna and flora that this biome presents. The objective of this work is to know more about the mycodiversity of this biome, contributing to a better understanding of the distribution and ecology of the Agaricales. The collections were made following the usual methodology for Agaricales (Basidiomycota). Thus, specimens were collected for studies to identification to species level by macro-and microscopic characters. Descriptions of seven species collected in the rural region surrounding the city of São Gabriel, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil are presented, which are cited for the first time for the Pampa Biome, namely: Macrolepiota mastoidea, Protostropharia alcis ssp. austrobrasiliensis, Trogia buccinalis, Crepidotus euterpicola, Entoloma depluens, Lepiota subincarnata and Neopaxillus echinospermus. These new citations reinforce the importance of studies on the biodiversity of the Pampa biome for its preservation.
Macrolepiota is a poorly known genus in the Neotropics. In order to increase knowledge about this group, we collected specimens from the Atlantic Forest in southern and northeastern Brazil. Macrolepiota cyanolamellata and M. sabulosa from subtropical and tropical regions, respectively, are proposed as new species. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and the combined data set ITS + nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S) + RNA polymerase II second largest (RPB2), as well as morphological analyses. Two lineages with unique morphotypes were found. The species proposed were strongly supported as the sister lineage closely related to M. clelandii and M. subcitrophylla. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of their macro-and microscopic characters are provided.
