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– Macho de Crax blumenbachii, originalmente descrito por Spix como Crax rubrirostris.
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... Este estudo resultou do cumprimento de uma condicionante ambiental para emissão da licença de implantação de um empreendimento no município de Itacaré/BA, que objetivou atender a uma das metas do PAN Crax blumenbachii [3], pois a espécie foi reportada para a área de estudos a partir de entrevistas com a comunidade local. ...
... Nesse contexto, o Instituto Chico Mendes de Biodiversidade (ICMBio) recomendou a realização de buscas de populações da espécie em vida livre em novas áreas, como o Parque Estadual Serra do Conduru (PESC), localizado na Área de Proteção Essa espécie foi extinta no Rio de Janeiro, na década de 1960, e em boa parte de Minas Gerais, no início do século XX [3]. ...
... O plano de ação nacional para a conservação (PAN) de C. blumenbachii foi o primeiro volume da "Série espécies ameaçadas" a ser publicado no Brasil [3] e foi complementado pelo 6º volume, o plano de ação nacional para a conservação dos Galliformes ameaçados de extinção [14]. O primeiro foi encerrado em dezembro de 2014, com 63% de suas ações implementadas, e o segundo, em 2011. ...
Populações naturais do mutum-de-bico-vermelho, Crax blumenbachii, estão restritas às formações de baixada da Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia ao Espírito Santo e leste de Minas Gerais, estimando-se menos de 250 adultos ocorrendo naturalmente, em cerca de 0,85% da área original. Essa espécie foi a primeira contemplada com um plano de ação nacional para a conservação, em que consta a busca por novas populações entre as ações previstas. O presente trabalho objetivou demonstrar que entrevistas com comunidades tradicionais representam uma ferramenta eficiente para a definição de áreas prioritárias para a conservação e o monitoramento da espécie. Foram realizadas 69 entrevistas semiestruturadas no entorno do Parque Estadual Serra do Conduru, na Bahia, Brasil, ao longo de 10 campanhas amostrais, entre 2012 e 2021. Obteve-se afirmação de ocorrência da espécie em 42% das entrevistas, e a interpolação dos dados permitiu a modelagem de um mapa preditivo de potencialidade de distribuição da espécie, que associou sua presença aos grandes maciços de florestas ombrófilas densas e corpos d’água, e ausência nas regiões com propriedades rurais e estruturas destinadas ao turismo. A ocorrência da espécie foi confirmada em dois locais inseridos em áreas com predições de ocorrência estimadas entre 80% e 100%, validando o uso da ferramenta e estabelecendo a região de inserção do Parque como prioritária para o emprego de esforços direcionados à investigação dos padrões de distribuição da espécie.
The present paper reports blood gas analysis, hematologic and micro bacteriologic information on four female Red-billed curassows, rescued from illegal wild animal trading, that were undergoing habilitation for reintroduction into the wild through Projeto Centrofauna/Botucatu-SP. There is a lack of physiological data on this species, endemic to the region of Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica), now under threat of extinction. This lack of information makes the clinical evaluation of these birds very difficult and has a direct and adverse effect on any of these birds received for medical treatment in hospitals, veterinary clinics and centers for research and conservation, as well as in reintroduction centers.
The present paper reports blood gas analysis, hematologic and micro bacteriologic information on four female Red-billed curassows, rescued from illegal wild animal trading, that were undergoing habilitation for reintroduction into the wild through Projeto Centrofauna/Botucatu-SP. There is a lack of physiological data on this species, endemic to the region of Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica), now under threat of extinction. This lack of information makes the clinical evaluation of these birds very difficult and has a direct and adverse effect on any of these birds received for medical treatment in hospitals, veterinary clinics and centers for research and conservation, as well as in reintroduction centers.
The Endangered red-billed curassow
Crax blumenbachii
is endemic to the lowland Atlantic Forest of Brazil and is extinct across most of its range as a result of habitat loss and hunting pressure. Global population estimates are unreliable as the species has never been surveyed systematically. During March 2012–February 2013 we used line transects to estimate the density and size of one of the most important populations, in the Vale Nature Reserve. Using
Distance
we estimated a density of 1.3 individuals per km
2
; results stratified by sex indicated a male-skewed sex ratio. Data collected from motion-activated cameras confirmed that the population was male skewed but to a lesser degree than suggested by transect data. Sex-specific behavioural responses to the presence of an observer probably contributed to the difference between camera and transect data. Using the camera-derived sex ratios we corrected transect estimates to 1.6 individuals per km
2
and a population of 325 individuals. Our systematic survey approach has revealed that Vale Nature Reserve has a larger population than previous estimates of the global population. We show that behavioural differences between the sexes in cryptic species can mislead population estimates, and we highlight the importance of motion-activated cameras as a tool for studying cryptic forest species.
Reintroduction can be enhanced by data from long-term post-release monitoring, which allows for modeling opportunities such as population viability analysis (PVA). PVA-relevant data were gathered via long-term monitoring of reintroduced red-billed curassows at the Guapiaçu Ecological Reserve (REGUA), located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, over 25 months. In the present article, we (1) assess the robustness of the reintroduction plan, (2) evaluate the viability of the current reintroduced population, and (3) examine mitigation options to increase the viability of this population. VORTEX indicates that the initial plan, fully implemented, was likely to establish a viable population at REGUA. The current population is unviable; the best mitigation strategies are to eliminate hunting altogether, or at least reduce it by half, and to supplement ten immature pairs in 2015. A positive long-term outcome at REGUA is still possible; we encourage the Brazilian government and private stakeholders to consider population supplementation, both to achieve success at REGUA and to improve the evidence base for future reintroductions.
Cracids are medium to large frugivorous birds that are endemic to the Neotropics. Because of deforestation and overhunting, many species are threatened. The conservation of several species has relied on captive breeding and reintroduction in the wild, but captive populations may be inbred. Microsatellite tools can permit the construction of genetic pedigrees to reduce inbreeding, but only a few loci are available for this group of birds. Here, we present 10 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci and the cross-amplification of these and of 10 additional loci available in the literature in a panel of 5 cracid species, including 3 species with high conservation concern. We provide the first polymorphic loci for the jacutinga, Aburria jacutinga (N = 8), and red-billed curassow, Crax blumenbachii (N = 9), and additional loci for bare-faced curassow, C. fasciolata (N = 8), Alagoas curassow, Pauxi mitu (N = 5), and razor-billed curassow, P. tuberosa (N = 5). The average number of alleles was 2.9 for A. jacutinga, 2.7 for C. blumenbachii, 3.5 for C. fasciolata, 2.6 for P. mitu, and 5.7 for P. tuberosa. The mean expected heterozygosities were 0.42, 0.40, 0.48, 0.37, and 0.59, respectively. The average probabilities that the set of loci would not exclude a pair of parents of an arbitrary offspring were 2.9% in A. jacutinga, 1% in C. blumenbachii, 0.5% in C. fasciolata, 0.4% in P. mitu, and 0.002% in P. tuberosa suggesting that these loci may be adequate for parentage analysis and to implement ex situ genetic management plans.
