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Background
Depression is highly prevalent in uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). We previously found that low free-carnitine levels are associated with depression severity in male patients undergoing HD. However, whether L-carnitine supplementation improves the depression state in male patients undergoing HD remains unclear.
Methods
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Context 1
... session ( Table 3). Univariate regression analysis revealed that baseline butyryl-carnitine and isovaleryl-/2-methylbutyryl- carnitine levels were inversely correlated with SDS scores after the L-carnitine treatment (r=-0.730 and p = 0.002 for butyryl-carnitine and r=-0.548 and p = 0.034 for isovaleryl- /2-methylbutyryl-carnitine, respectively) (Fig. 3). Multiple regression analysis revealed that baseline butyryl-carnitine levels were a sole independent predictor of SDS scores after the L-carnitine treatment (r 2 = 0.533). ...
Citations
... 37 L-Carnitine and acyl carnitines play an important role in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, enhancing cholinergic nerve transmission, etc. 38,39 A lack of L-carnitine can lead to severe symptoms in central nervous system diseases, such as encephalopathy, 40 depression 37 and bipolar disorder, 41 while L-carnitine supplementation can significantly improve disease symptoms. 42,43 Moreover, low serum L-carnitine levels have been related to first stroke in Chinese adults with hypertension. 44 Thus, abnormal L-carnitine and acyl carnitine levels may provide novel clues for clarifying the mechanisms of PSD. ...
Background
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric complications after stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms of PSD remain ambiguous, and no objective diagnosis tool is available to diagnose PSD. Previous metabolomic studies on PSD included patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke indiscriminately, which is not conducive to elucidating and predicting the occurrence of PSD. The aim of this study is to elucidate the pathogenesis of PSD and provide potential diagnostic markers for PSD in ischemic stroke patients.
Methods
In total, 51 ischemic stroke patients at 2 weeks were included in this study. Those with depressive symptoms were assigned to the PSD group, while the others were assigned to the non-PSD group. Plasma metabolomics based on liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed to explore the differential plasma metabolites between the PSD and non-PSD groups.
Results
Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed significant metabolic alterations between PSD patients and non-PSD patients. In total, 41 differential metabolites were screened out, mainly including phosphatidylcholines (PCs), L-carnitine and acyl carnitines, succinic acid, pyruvic acid and L-lactic acid. Metabolite-related pathway analysis revealed that alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) may contribute to the pathogenesis of PSD. A panel of three signature metabolites [PC(22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/15:0), LysoPA(18:1(9Z)/0:0) and 1,5-anhydrosorbitol] was determined as potential biomarkers for PSD in ischemic stroke patients.
Conclusion
These findings are conducive to providing new insights into the pathogenesis of PSD and developing objective diagnostic tools for PSD in ischemic stroke patients.
... The Anxiety Self-Rating Scale was used to quantify anxiety, and a score of 50 or more was regarded as anxiety [26]. Depression is diagnosed based on the Depression Self-Rating Scale, with a score of 50 or higher indicating depression [27]. ...
Multimorbidity is a huge public health issue that affects people's health significantly on a global scale. Many chronic diseases have been linked to exposure to workplace dangers. The goal of this study was to comprehend the existing degree of multimorbidity among steel workers, the connection between cumulative occupational hazard exposure and multimorbidity, and to build the groundwork for the creation of preventative and control strategies for multimorbidity among steelworkers. This cross-sectional study included 3577 steel workers who had occupational health examinations in 2017. The relationship between occupational risks and the prevalence of multimorbidity in steel workers was examined using multiple logistic regression. We discovered that the rate of multimorbidity was 61.3%. The risk of multimorbidity among employees exposed to high levels of shift work, heat, noise, and dust was 1.520 (95% CI: 1.147 to 2.014), 3.376 (95% CI: 2.583 to 4.413), 2.069 (95% CI: 1.653 to 2.590), and 1.509 (95% CI: 1.1262.023) respectively in a multifactorial logistic regression analysis. Steelworkers need stronger protection against each occupational hazard since multimorbidity is highly common within the steel sector as a whole and is made more likely by occupational hazard exposure.
... Acetyl-CoA and acetyl-L-carnitine are important providers of acetyl groups. The latter can activate the glutamate receptor metabotropic 2 gene through epigenetic regulation to suppress pain and depression [66,67]. Studies [67,68] have shown that carnitine supplementation can improve the depressive state of male patients suffering from uremia and cancer patients. ...
... The latter can activate the glutamate receptor metabotropic 2 gene through epigenetic regulation to suppress pain and depression [66,67]. Studies [67,68] have shown that carnitine supplementation can improve the depressive state of male patients suffering from uremia and cancer patients. In addition, the root of Trichosanthes species and oyster shells can supplement levels of lysine and aspartate as synthetic substrates of carnitine, which can increase the carnitine content directly [69,70]. ...
Background
Chaihu-Guizhi-Ganjiang Decoction (CGGD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription used to treat viral influenza. There is evidence that CGGD can be used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but the potential mechanism of action and metabolites produced upon CGGD treatment remains elusive.
Methods
Patients with IBS were treated with pinaverium bromide (Dicetel™) and then CGGD after a washout period of 1 week. Both treatments lasted for 30 days. The efficacy and changes of metabolites in plasma after the two treatments were compared. Plasma samples were acquired before and after each treatment, and untargeted metabolics analysis was performed.
Results
Efficacy was measured according to the Rome IV criteria and TCM theory. Our results indicated that CGGD showed significantly better efficacy than Dicetel in the treatment of IBS utilizing each criterion. CGGD exerted greater effects on plasma metabolism than Dicetel. Dicetel treatment led to increased tryptophan metabolism (increased levels of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde) and increased protein metabolism (increased levels of L-arginine). CGGD treatment significantly (p < 0.05) increased carnitine metabolism, with elevated levels of L-carnitine and acylcarnitine in plasma. Such changes in these metabolites could exert effects against IBS by improving gastrointestinal motility and suppressing pain, depression, and inflammation.
Conclusions
CGGD appeared to be more efficacious than Dicetel for treating patients with IBS. The findings provide a sound support for the underlying biomolecular mechanism of CGGD in the prevention and treatment of IBS.
... Patients on dialysis have carnitine deficiency, which is associated with poor physical function [58,59]. Lcarnitine administration to patients on dialysis can reportedly improve QOL and exercise tolerance [60,61], as well as the accumulation of aging substances associated with prognosis, and reduce depression [62,63]. BCAAs can improve muscle structure and function in patients with sarcopenia [64]. ...
Rehabilitation nutrition is a proposed intervention strategy to improve nutritional status and physical function. However, rehabilitation nutrition in patients with cachexia and protein-energy wasting (PEW), which are the main nutrition-related problems in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), has not been fully clarified. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize the current evidence and interventions related to rehabilitation nutrition for cachexia and PEW in patients with CKD. CKD is a serious condition worldwide, with a significant impact on patient prognosis. In addition, CKD is easily complicated by nutrition-related problems such as cachexia and PEW owing to disease background- and treatment-related factors, which can further worsen the prognosis. Although nutritional management and exercise therapy are reportedly effective for cachexia and PEW, the effectiveness of combined nutrition and exercise interventions is less clear. In the future, rehabilitation nutrition addressing the nutritional problems associated with CKD will become more widespread as more scientific evidence accumulates. In clinical practice, early intervention in patients with CKD involving both nutrition and exercise after appropriate assessment may be necessary to improve patient outcomes.
... (2) Assessed the anxiety and depression of the two groups with the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) [7] and self-rating depression (SDS) before and after nursing [8]. , with a total of 36 items [9]. ...
Objective:
To explore the effect of individual nursing combined with dietary management on blood glucose levels and quality of life in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome with diabetes.
Method:
This study included 68 elderly patients who underwent acute coronary syndrome at Department of Emergency in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020. And they were assigned to a control group (n = 34) treated with individual nursing and a research group (n = 34) treated with individual nursing and dietary management according to the random number table. A comparison of the changes in blood glucose levels, anxiety and depression, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction was made between groups before and after nursing.
Result:
Before nursing, the differences in blood glucose levels, SAS scores, and SDS scores between groups were not considered statistically significant (P > 0.05). After nursing, the blood glucose levels, SAS, and SDS levels of patients in both groups significantly decreased, and the research group presented a higher decrease when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The short form health survey (SF-36) showed that the research group had higher scores in physical function (PF), general health (GH), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), social function (SF), role-physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), and role-emotional (RE) compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The satisfaction survey presented that the research group had a significantly higher total score than the control group [(91.40 ± 5.23) vs. (86.61 ± 7.14), P < 0.05].
Conclusion:
The combination of individual nursing and dietary management not only effectively reduces glycosylated hemoglobin levels and anxiety and depression but also wins better nursing satisfaction in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome in elderly patients. Moreover, their quality of life has been significantly improved after discharge.
... Supplementation of carnitine helps in decreasing self-rating depression scale (SDS) score and improving depressive symptoms in the dialysis group. The state of depression was related to the level of carnitine (44). ...
Depression has become one of the most common mental diseases in the world, but the understanding of its pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatments remains insufficient. Carnitine is a natural substance that exists in organisms, which can be synthesized in vivo or supplemented by intake. Relationships of carnitine with depression, bipolar disorder and other mental diseases have been reported in different studies. Several studies show that the level of acylcarnitines (ACs) changes significantly in patients with depression compared with healthy controls while the supplementation of acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial to the treatment of depression. In this review, we aimed to clarify the effects of ACs in depressive patients and to explore whether ACs might be the biomarkers for the diagnosis of depression and provide new ideas to treat depression.
... There is also a certain relationship between LC and depression. Studies (30,31) have reported that serum free carnitine levels were significantly reduced in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, and free carnitine levels with a low baseline level are independently associated with the severity of depression in male patients. Clinical studies (31,32) have shown that L-carnitine supplementation can improve the depression state of male uremic patients and cancer patients. ...
... Studies (30,31) have reported that serum free carnitine levels were significantly reduced in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, and free carnitine levels with a low baseline level are independently associated with the severity of depression in male patients. Clinical studies (31,32) have shown that L-carnitine supplementation can improve the depression state of male uremic patients and cancer patients. Therefore, we aimed to apply UPLC-MS/MS method to determine the concentrations of LC and ALC in serum, compare the differences in the levels of LC and ALC between MDD patients and healthy controls; analyze the levels of LC and ALC correlation with the degree of depression; and study the role of ALC and LC levels in the onset and diagnosis of depression. ...
The lack of biomarkers greatly limits the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Endogenous L-carnitine (LC) and its derivative acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) play antidepressant roles by improving brain energy metabolism, regulating neurotransmitters and neural plasticity. The levels of ALC in people and rodents with depression are significantly reduced. It is necessary to determine whether serum LC and ALC might be used as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of MDD. Here, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the concentration of LC and ALC in the serum of healthy controls and patients with MDD; among the latter, in patients who were responsive (effective group) and non-responsive (ineffective group) after 2 weeks of treatment. The diagnostic value of serum LC and ALC for MDD was assessed. Compared with healthy controls, the serum LC and ALC concentrations in patients with MDD were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis shows that the HDRS-24 score was negatively associated with serum ALC (r = −0.325, P = 0.007). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.801 with 83.1% sensitivity and 66.3% specificity for LC, and an AUC of 0.898 with 88.8% sensitivity and 76.4% specificity for ALC, differentiating patients with MDD from healthy controls. Furthermore, the concentration of LC and ALC in patients with depression was significantly increased in the effective treatment group, and no significant change was observed in the ineffective treatment group. These results suggest that serum LC and ALC may be novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of MDD.
... ① The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) [9,10], Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) [11,12], Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) [13,14] were used to evaluate the degree of depression. HAMD had a total of 24 items, some of which had a 5-level scoring system (0-4 points), and some of them had a 3-level scoring system (0-2 points); SDS had a total of 20 items, with 10 items for forward score and 10 for reverse score. ...
Objective:
The study aimed to explore the effect of community nursing based on the Roy adaptation model on postpartum depression and sleep quality of parturients.
Methods:
According to different nursing methods, 96 parturients with postpartum depression were selected and divided into 47 cases in the regular group (undergoing regular nursing) and 49 cases in the combined group (undergoing community nursing based on the Roy adaptation model). The improvement in depression and sleep quality was compared between the two groups.
Results:
Comparison of the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) scores between the two groups showed that the above mentioned scores at intervention for 3 months < those of intervention for 2 months < those of intervention for 1 month < those of before intervention; showing significant differences (P<0.05). The scores of HAMA, SDS and EPDS in the combined group after intervention for 1, 2 and 3 months were significantly lower than those in the regular group (P<0.05). After intervention, the total score and the scores of all dimensions of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were decreased in the two groups (P<0.05), and the combined group had scores that were significantly lower than the regular group (P<0.05).
Conclusion:
The use of community nursing intervention based on the Roy adaptation model for postpartum depressed parturients can effectively alleviate depression and improve sleep quality.
... Ahmed et al. [55] reported that Lcarnitine reduced serum creatinine and BUN, attenuated renal hypertrophy and decreased renal tissue damage. Also, Tashiro et al. [56] showed that L-carnitine administration improved serum albumin. ...
... LC, as an organic osmoprotectant, has been proven to have protective roles against the production of proinflammatory mediators and apoptosis in primary human corneal epithelial cells exposed to hyperosmotic media, as well as in dry-eye patients [99,100]. It was reported that LC supplementation improved the depression state in patients undergoing hemodialysis [101]. A deficiency of carnitines in terminally ill HIV/AIDS patients requires supplementation. ...
The prevention or alleviation of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a challenge for contemporary health services. The aim of this study was to review the literature on the prevention or alleviation of AD by introducing an appropriate carnitine-rich diet, dietary carnitine supplements and the MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet, which contains elements of the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. L-carnitine (LC) plays a crucial role in the energetic metabolism of the cell. A properly balanced diet contains a substantial amount of LC as well as essential amino acids and microelements taking part in endogenous carnitine synthesis. In healthy people, carnitine biosynthesis is sufficient to prevent the symptoms of carnitine deficiency. In persons with dysfunction of mitochondria, e.g., with AD connected with extensive degeneration of the brain structures, there are often serious disturbances in the functioning of the whole organism. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high consumption of fruits and vegetables, cereals, nuts, olive oil, and seeds as the major source of fats, moderate consumption of fish and poultry, low to moderate consumption of dairy products and alcohol, and low intake of red and processed meat. The introduction of foodstuffs rich in carnitine and the MIND diet or carnitine supplementation of the AD patients may improve their functioning in everyday life.
