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![Field measurement system of the new embankment: (a) installation sketch of the FDR sensors; (b) photograph of the small weather station [23].](publication/343118451/figure/fig2/AS:1084249620914177@1635516662027/Field-measurement-system-of-the-new-embankment-a-installation-sketch-of-the-FDR.jpg)
Field measurement system of the new embankment: (a) installation sketch of the FDR sensors; (b) photograph of the small weather station [23].
Source publication
![Volumetric moisture contents measured by the FDR sensors [23].](publication/343118451/figure/fig4/AS:1084249620914201@1635516662252/Volumetric-moisture-contents-measured-by-the-FDR-sensors-23_Q320.jpg)
In hot and humid regions of southern China, the volumetric moisture content of the embankment after opening to traffic for a period of time reaches a stable state, and it is higher than the design value. When it was widened, the humidity gradient and exchange were formed due to the difference in moisture content between the existing and new embankm...
Citations
Variations in temperature and humidity can affect the mechanical performance of embankments and pavement structures. Investigating the long-term performance of temperature and humidity in the road embankment is necessary for assessing the stability and safety of highways. The long-term temperature and humidity field of highway embankment constructed with recycled construction and demolition wastes (CDW) was monitored in this study. Long-term characteristics of temperature and humidity field below the pavement at various locations were analyzed in detail. It is found that the change in temperature and humidity for a specific location in the road embankment constructed with CDW follows a sinusoidal function over time. Compared with the arch slope section, the humidity of embankment constructed with CDW is more stable at the barricade section. Further, the correlation analysis between temperature and humidity in the road embankment constructed with CDW indicates that the temperature can promote the development of humidity with an approximate depth from the road surface. Accurately mastering the evolution law and distribution of embankment temperature field and humidity field is of great significance for accurately evaluating the stability of the road, prolonging the service life of the road and improving driving safety.
Understanding the characteristics of urban green-space water consumption is crucial to sustainable urban development under urbanization and water scarcity. However, temporal–spatial and driving characteristics of urban green-space water consumption are still unknown. Characteristics and driving factors of urban green-space water consumption in 286 cities in China are analyzed in this study. Results showed that the urban green-space water consumption (m³/ha) of 286 cities changed (decreased: 250, increased: 36, and p < 0.05) from 2004 to 2017. The urban green-space water consumption (m³/ha) decreased by 57.54% from 9,490 m³/ha to 4,030 m³/ha. In addition, 44 cities demonstrate high water consumption (>12,570 m³/ha) and 74 cities present low water consumption (≤6,380 m³/ha). High and low water consumption cities are aggregated in southern and northern China, respectively. Urban water supply, education, number of patents, GDP per capita, temperature, rainfall, and park areas significantly increased the urban green-space water consumption (p < 0.05), while built-ups, green land, and built-up coverage rate significantly reduced the urban green-space water consumption (p < 0.05). Water recovery rate and water price minimally affect the urban green-space water consumption but provide new ideas for sustainable utilization of water resources. This study highlights the potential of water recovery subsidies and water markets in urbanization.
