Feynman diagrams contributing to a process of electron-positron annihilation into a quark/antiquark pair at leading order in perturbation theory. b) Measured cross-section. (From Harlander, 2021, 15).

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... there are two very different ways to look at this kind of topology. On the one hand, Harlander attributes some physical intuition to the merely topological part of the leading order diagram. The intermediate structures, the virtual particles, correspond to a peak in the cross section as Fig. 7 or some other feature. 11 It is of course true that the data analysis depicted in 7b is to a large extent specific for the model, in this case the standard model of particle physics. On the other hand, Harlander views Feynman diagrams as results of an algorithm that implements the Feynman rules without any reference to their ...