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This paper presents and describes a series of studies into the use of flexible fabrics as formwork for concrete structures as alternative to conventional rigid formwork.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... studies have been undertaken in the Architectural Research Workshop at the University of Edinburgh and in a series of live projects in the UK. Figure 1 shows the walls developed for the Royal Horticultural Show in Chelsea in 2009. These were constructed in collaboration with Alan Chandler from the University of East London and students from both institutions. ...
Context 2
... geometry of the cross section was gradually adapted through a series of successive modifications based on the analysis of structural tests. The final form that the process produced is shown in figure 10. The beam still follows the parabolic profile, but the major changes in geometry occur at the support. ...
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... adjusting the geometry to place the concrete where it is most effective the failure mode of the beams changed and the load carrying capacity increased by over 35% for beams with the same amount of steel reinforcement 9 . As can been seen from figure 10 this mode of investigation through successive adaptation would have been difficult using conventional methods of formwork production. Each adaptation would have required significant labour in the construction. ...
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... most sensitive part of the process is during inversion of the form. A project at the University of Edinburgh also studied the construction of thin catenary shells using fabric, figure 11. The geometry was based on the Gaussian vault developed by Eladio Dieste 11 . ...
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... previous projects has sought to produce assemblies of components by developing particular connections to join already cast pieces together this project sought to put emphasis on the monolithic qualities of concrete and thus all joints were formed within the fabric itself. The fabric was laid out and became the drawing on which the final design was developed, figure 11. Two layers of fabric were stitched together. ...
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... position and orientation of the shapes used information from the earlier parametric study to facilitate the placing and distribution of the concrete. The fabric formwork was suspended from a sheet of plywood supported on a light steel frame, figure 12. Sleeves of the formwork were fed through holes in the plywood and used to fill the formwork. ...
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... concrete was placed in one continuous pour without interruption. The finished wall is shown in figure 13. There were very few blemishes or creases in the surface of the piece. ...
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Citations
... Optimal structures require non-orthogonal geometries. Fabric formwork should not be seen as replacement for conventional orthogonal planar formwork but as a disruptive technology that offers a new paradigm with a clearly emerging parametric requirements for form, process, precision and complexity [27]. ...
Summary: In this paper we describe the research of the best combination of construction, material and typology for structures with bending moments constructed with fabric formwork. The results are inflated three dimensional (open cell) structures rigidized with foam and structurally optimized. The structure is 40% lighter as conventional beams of the same material and was realized and tested in prototypes and full scale models.
... A short history of the use of flexible formworks is given by Veenendaal et al. (2011) and Abdelgader et al. (2008). There are many benefits associated with the use of flexible textile formworks compared to rigid formwork (see Chandler and Pedreschi (2008)), most notably & formwork is lighter and easier to construct & more complex geometries are possible, which can lead to much more structurally efficient elements & improved concrete finish -the permeable nature of textiles reduces surface defects and produces a harder, more durable surface (see Malone (1999) and Orr et al. (2012)) & a wide variety of new and exciting architectural forms and finishes are possible (Pedreschi, 2011). Lee (2011) developed an efficient form-active concrete beam, whose geometry responded to the applied bending and shear forces, resulting in a significant reduction in both the concrete and steel compared to an equivalent rectangular beam. ...
... Surface texture and finish of formwork panels is mainly determined by the fibre and yarn type. Pedreschi (2011) has conducted substantial trials using a variety of commercially available fabrics, as seen in Figures 2 and 3. Early research identified the key characteristics of a standard range of commercial textiles, assessing their behaviour with in-fill materials and their suitability for formwork. ...
... Here 'standard' refers to a conventional industrial woven textile, economically produced in high volumes, which is compatible with textile production and finishing machinery, and constructed using plain or twill weave construction. As seen in progressive formwork concepts by West (2006) and Pedreschi (2011), building components such as columns, beams, vaults, panel products, composites, sub-ground reinforcement, geo-textiles and architectural panels have been studied as exemplars of good practice. Creative and engineered performance forces amalgamated to produce unique and efficient structural elements. ...
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