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FTIR spectrum of urinary stone containing (a) pure calcium oxalate monohydrate, (b) ion amino acid calcium oxalate monohydrate. The spectrum of a pure calcium oxalate monohydrate showed a high absorbance at 1616 -1600 cm -1 and 1314 -1302 cm -1 belonged to C=O and C-O stretching vibration, respectively. The frequency region was 779 -775 cm -1 corresponding to C-H bending. The absorption band observed at 3446 - 3021 cm -1 which happened due to symmetric and asymmetric O-H bending. The absorption band at 1387– 1364 cm -1 was happened due to C-C dan C-O stretching, 891 -874 cm -1 was due to C-C stretching, and 693 -687 cm -1 was due to O-H bending. Visually spectrum of ion amino acid calcium oxalate monohydrate had shown similarity with figure 1a. However, in figure 1b, it showed absorbance at 2924 -2850 cm -1 corresponding to N-H stretching vibration, which was the area that
Source publication
This research analysed the urinary stone by measuring samples using Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection spectroscopy and black box analysis. The main objective of this study is to find kinds of urinary stone and determine a total spectrum, which is a simple model of the chemical and mineral composition urinary stone through black...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... absorption band at 1387-1364 cm -1 was happened due to C-C dan C-O stretching, 891 -874 cm -1 was due to C-C stretching, and 693 -687 cm -1 was due to O-H bending. Visually spectrum of ion amino acid calcium oxalate monohydrate had shown similarity with figure 1a. However, in figure 1b, it showed absorbance at 2924 -2850 cm -1 corresponding to N-H stretching vibration, which was the area that ...
Citations
... -Lipid content that is identified by a doublet at 4330 and 4261 cm −1 , attributed to the νa + δa and νs + δs of the aliphatic methylene groups [27] and three derivative-like bands at 2929, 2860 cm −1 and 1730 cm −1 [27,43]; -Protein content that is detected by the amide II derivative-like band at 1550 cm −1 [43]; -Calcium oxalates detected by the inverted band at 1616 cm −1 and the derivative-like band at 1316 cm −1 [44,45]; -Gypsum identified by the inverted band at 1140 cm −1 and two derivative-like bands at 680 and 600 cm −1 [39,40]. Moreover, the derivative like-band at 3400 cm -1 is observed [46]; -Silicates that are recognized by inverted bands between 1120 and 1020 cm −1 and iron ores detected by the bands between 550 and 400 cm −1 [47][48][49][50][51]; -Calcium carbonate that is identified by an inverted band at 1410 cm −1 and a derivative-like band at 875 cm −1 [52]; -Natural resins detected by a band at 1375 cm -1 (CH3 bending) [43]. ...
The removal of non-original superimposed layers covering the original pictorial layer in paintings is a common practice to restore the authentic appearance of surfaces and mitigate potential risks to artwork preservation. Contemporary assessments of the effectiveness of such cleaning treatments often employ non-destructive analytical methods. However, many existing techniques face limitations, either lacking specificity in compound identification or analyzing very limited areas (<millimeters) through a point-by-point approach. This study introduces the application of a macro Fourier transform infrared scanner, in reflection mode (MA-rFTIR), as an effective tool for supporting restorers during cleaning processes. This method proved successful in addressing challenges related to the removal of calcium oxalate films and non-original superimposed layers on two ancient paintings.
... The decreased intensity of these peaks in biochars indicates a degradation in the suberin content of cork. The peaks at 1613 cm −1 , 1314 cm −1 , 780 cm −1 , and 511 cm −1 are assigned to C-O stretching and C-O bending of calcium oxalate minerals [52]. The intensity of these peaks increased after pyrolysis with the enrichment of ash content. ...
... 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 10 of 16 1314 cm −1 , 780 cm −1 , and 511 cm −1 are assigned to C-O stretching and C-O bending of calcium oxalate minerals[52]. The intensity of these peaks increased after pyrolysis with the enrichment of ash content. ...
Bark is a heterogeneous solid material comprising mainly of phloem and cork fractions. These fractions differ in chemical composition and anatomical structure, and value-added activated carbons produced from these fractions have different surface properties. Low-temperature pyrolysis was shown to be a promising method for producing activated carbon precursors from bark fractions at higher yields than conventional slow pyrolysis. Here, we produced mesoporous activated carbons (ACs) from cork and phloem fractions of Quercus cerris bark by low-temperature pyrolysis followed by steam activation at 900 °C. The results showed steam-activation of biochars from Q. cerris bark fractions yielded ACs with acceptable surface properties. The ACs contained 9.9% and 23.3% ash content, and specific surface areas of 201 m2 g−1 and 512 m2 g−1 for cork and phloem fractions, respectively. Calcium was the principal inorganic component of ACs, followed by potassium, silicon, and iron. Surface functional groups of bark fractions and biochars were lost during steam activation, as evidenced by FT-IR spectroscopy. The burnout temperatures of cork and phloem ACs were 726 °C and 736 °C, respectively. The ACs showed a high methylene blue and methyl orange adsorption capacity, with the removal of 80% and 90% of methylene blue and 58% and 68% of methyl orange after 48 h for cork and phloem ACs, respectively.
... After that, the spectra were smoothed with the Savitzky-Golay filter (5 nm window, polynomial order 5) and were cut off in the range of 500-2500 cm −1 . Next, the types of calculi were determined from the characteristic IR peaks according to known reference spectra [27][28][29]. The typical FTIR spectra of stones characterized by different chemical composition are presented in Figure 2. The calculus was classified as oxalate, hydroxyapatite or urate if all mentioned peaks were present in the FTIR spectrum. ...
This study explores the use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and multiwavelength fluorescence spectroscopy for real-time kidney stone identification during laser lithotripsy. Traditional methods are not suitable for in situ analysis, so the research focuses on optical techniques that can be integrated with lithotripsy fibers. Experiments were conducted ex vivo, using DRS and multiwavelength fluorescence spectroscopy (emission–excitation matrix (EEM)) to distinguish between 48 urinary stones of three types: urate, oxalate and hydroxyapatite, with infrared spectroscopy as a reference. A classification model was developed based on EEM and DRS data. Initial classification relying solely on EEM data achieved an f1-score of 87%, which increased to 92% when DRS data were included. The findings suggest that optical spectroscopy can effectively determine stone composition during laser lithotripsy, potentially enhancing surgical outcomes via the real-time automatic optimization of laser radiation parameters.
... The quantification of CaOx phases by FTIR has been described, and a reliable method was suggested for the bulk analysis of kidney stones [12,13]. CaOx has four pseudo-polymorphs: calcium oxalate anhydrous, calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD), and calcium oxalate trihydrate (COT) [14,15]. ...
We sought to identify and quantitatively analyze calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones on the order of micrometers, with a focus on the quantitative identification of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and dihydrate (COD). We performed Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and microfocus X-ray computed tomography measurements (microfocus X-ray CT) and compared their results. An extended analysis of the FTIR spectrum focusing on the 780 cm ⁻¹ peak made it possible to achieve a reliable analysis of the COM/COD ratio. We succeeded in the quantitative analysis of COM/COD in 50-μm ² areas by applying microscopic FTIR for thin sections of kidney stones, and by applying microfocus X-ray CT system for bulk samples. The analysis results based on the PXRD measurements with micro-sampling, the microscopic FTIR analysis of thin sections, and the microfocus X-ray CT system observation of a bulk kidney stone sample showed roughly consistent results, indicating that all three methods can be used complementarily. This quantitative analysis method evaluates the detailed CaOx composition on the preserved stone surface and provides information on the stone formation processes. This information clarifies where and which crystal phase nucleates, how the crystals grow, and how the transition from the metastable phase to the stable phase proceeds. The phase transition affects the growth rate and hardness of kidney stones and thus provides crucial clues to the kidney stone formation process.
... cm -1 , 1031.37 cm -1 , dan 550.12 cm -1 . Hasil pita serapan kemudian diidentifikasi berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdahulu dan didapatkan hasil polimer plastik dengan jenis High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pada serapan gelombang 2918.38 cm -1 [17], Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pada serapan gelombang 2117.85 cm -1 [18], Nylon pada serapan gelombang 1636.10 cm -1 [19], Polyethylene Terephtalate (PET) pada serapan gelombang 1314.86 cm -1 [20]. , Polypropylene (PP) pada serapan gelombang 1161.02 ...
Plastic has a fairly wide distribution in human life. The use of microplastics is very difficult to avoid because it has reduced various human activities. The use of plastics on a large and wide scale raises a problem for the environment and ecosytem through the degradation of plastics into microplastics. Microplastics have the potential to pose a threat to the environment and organisms, especially in water areas. Their small size allows microplastics to be ingested by zooplankton up to a higher trophic level. Damas Beach is one of the marine tourism destinations in the Prigi bay area with a potential fishery sector in East Java. The high activity of tourism and fishing causes Damas beach to be potentially polluted by microplastics. This study aims to determine the type of plastic polymer in the digestive tract of lisong tuna obtained in the Damas beach area, Prigi Bay, Treanggalek Regency, East Java. This study used a purposive sampling method with two repetitions. Types of microplastic polymers were analyzed using FTIR. The results of the analysis showed that the types of plastic polymers found in the digestive tract of lisong tuna include High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (polyamide, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polypropylene (PP), and Polystyrene (PS).
... The signal at 1360 cm − 1 corresponds to the C--O vibration of CO 3 2- . (Adeniyi, 2020), and C-H bending (Asyana et al., 2016). And the peak at 1360 cm − 1 corresponded to the C--O vibration of a carboxylic bond (Kamran and Park, 2020). ...
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) materials were widely applied for adsorption and photodegradation of pollutants for wastewater treatment. New efficient LDH materials with adsorption and photodegradation abilities will be promising candidates for pollutants removal. Hence, a series of NiFe-LDH/biochar (NiFe/BC) were fabricated by the coprecipitation method for synergistic adsorption and photodegradation anionic dyes of reactive red 120 (RR120). The removal experiment showed that the addition of an appropriate amount of biochar into NiFe-LDH enhanced the adsorption capacity and its photocatalytic ability. The optimized NiFe/BC2 composite can remove 88.5% of RR120 under visible light by adsorption and photocatalysis, which was much better than NiFe-LDH (63.3%) and biochar (2.6%). The photodegradation kinetic constant of the NiFe/BC2 composite was 3.1 and 104.8 times that of NiFe-LDH and BC. In addition, active species capture experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) tests revealed the removal mechanisms of NiFe/BC composites for RR120 removal. This work affords a feasible strategy for preparing LDH-based photocatalyst with excellent adsorption and photocatalytic performance for wastewater treatment.
... [2,20,21] These facts predetermine infrared spectroscopy as an excellent experimental technique, which, in addition to quantitative and qualitative analysis, plays an important role in molecular research dynamics, chemical properties of molecules, the influence of the environment on the studied molecules and many other areas including patients monitoring and diagnostics and investigation of various body fluids and concretions. [13,[21][22][23] On the other side, the disadvantages of FTIR include sometimes difficult handling procedures and maintenance of the sample cells, additionally, there are no infrared spectra in atoms or monatomic ions, hence it cannot analyze. [2,20] The analytical methods used in urolithiasis determination Correct determination of urinary calculi compounds is important for setting up diet and drug therapy, which are essential therapeutic approaches in the treatment of urolithiasis. ...
... Currently, the new modifications of FTIR using an ATR (attenuated total reflectance) technique are available. [23] This FTIR-ATR modification improve the specificity and allows precise characterization of the concretion. [23] Current data show that infrared spectroscopy methods are the most frequently used methods of kidney stone analysis. ...
... [23] This FTIR-ATR modification improve the specificity and allows precise characterization of the concretion. [23] Current data show that infrared spectroscopy methods are the most frequently used methods of kidney stone analysis. Participation data in the last external quality control cycle provided from Referenzinstitut fur Bioanalytik in Bonn (EQA RfB HS1/22 cycle) in 2022 shows that 109 participants of 116 (i.e., 94 %) used infrared spectrometry for analysis, 3 participants used X-ray diffraction and the remaining four participants used other non-spectral methods including chemical analyses. ...
Urolithiasis is one of the most frequently occurring diseases worldwide. Its management is related on investigation of concretion composition which helps to assess the current therapy. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry gains significant importance because of its ability to determine concretion composition. Presented review shows the use of FTIR spectroscopy in detection of the very rare urinary stones including cyanoacrylate and pyrophosphate. Infrared spectroscopy made possible to identify the nature of the concretions and helped in management of urolithiasis.
... Penentuan jenis batu kemih dari spektrum pengukuran FTIR didasari pada standar spektrum pada data National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). (Asyana, et al., 2016) Karakterisasi CT-Scan ...
... Spektrum inframerah dari batu kemih dapat dilihat pada Gambar 1 s/d 4. Gambar 1 merupakan batu kemih dengan komposisi calcium oxalate monohydrate murni. Spektrum penyerapan pada calcium oxalate monohydrate ditandai dengan adanya daerah penyerapan pada rentang 3490 cm -1 -3021 cm -1 yang mengindikasikan adanya vibrasi simetris dan asimmetris O-H stretching, penyerapan yang cukup tinggi pada daerah 1616 cm -1 -1601 cm -1 yang mengindikasikan adanya vibrasi C=O stretching dan pada daerah 1319 cm -1 -1306 cm -1 yang mengindikasikan adanya vibrasi C-O stretching, dan pada daerah 779 cm -1 -775 cm -1 mengindikasikan adanya vibrasi C-H bending (Kumar, et al., 2020) (Asyana, et al., 2016) (Sekkoum, et al., 2016) (Bhat, et al., 2018). ...
... Gambar 3 merupakan spektrum FTIR jenis batu urinary campuran calcium oxalate dan phosphate. Jenis batu ini dapat dilihat adanya daerah penyerapan pada rentang 3490 cm -1 -3021 cm -1 yang mengindikasikan vibrasi simetris dan asimmetris O-H stretching, komposisi calcium oxalate ditandai adanya penyerapan yang cukup tinggi pada daerah 1616 cm -1 -1601 cm -1 yang mengindikasikan adanya vibrasi C=O stretching dan pada daerah 1319 cm -1 -1306 cm -1 yang mengindikasikan adanya vibrasi C-O stretching (Asyana, et al., 2016). Sedangkan unsur phosphate ditandai penyerapan pada daerah 1430 cm -1 -1470 cm -1 yang mengindikasikan adanya P=O stretching yang merupakan gugus fungsi dari phosphine, pada daerah 1050 cm -1 -1030 cm -1 adanya penyerapan yang cukup tinggi yang mengindikasikan adanya ikatan P-O dan penyerapan pada daerah 776 cm -1 -509 cm -1 mengindikasikan adanya deformasi dari ikatan OP=O dan O-P-O, yang mana kedua daerah penyerapan tersebut merupakan gugus fungsi dari 4 3− (Sekkoum, et al., 2016). ...
Abstrak. Batu kemih merupakan salah satu penyakit dengan tingkat prevalensi yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Pengetahuan komposisi pada kandungan batu kemih dapat membantu tenaga medis dalam melakukan justifikasi penanganan tindakan lanjut pada pasien dengan tepat.Tujuan penelitian iniadalah menentukan kandungan mineral yang terdapat pada batu kemih menggunakan metode analisa spektrum inframerah dan nilai hounsfield unit (HU) yang terdapat pada citra yang dihasilkan dari modality mCT-Scan. Hasil karakterisasi fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) memperlihatkan kandungan mineral batu kemih terdiri dari batu kemih calcium oxlate monohydrate, uric acid, batu campuran calcium oxalate dengan phosphate dan batu campuran cystine dengan phosphate sedangkan hasil dari scanning mCT memperlihatkan adanya kandungan mineral batu kemih campuran seperti batu campuran calcium oxalate dan cystine, batu campuran calcium oxalate, struvite, dan cystine, dan batu campuran calciumoxalate dan uric acid.Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua modaliti tersebut mampu memperlihatkan kandungan mineral batu kemih dengan baik. Hal ini terlihat adanya spektrum serapan karakteristik dari FTIR setiap sampel berbeda-beda dan dari hasil citra mCT-Scan memperlihatkan nilai HU yang bervariasi sehingga mengindikasikan kandungan mineral pada sampel batu kemih yang diamati juga memiliki jenis yang berbeda-beda.
Abstract. Urinary stones are a disease with a high prevalence rate in Indonesia. Knowledge of the composition of the urinary stone is an essential part to determine suitable treatments for patients. The aim of this research is to determine the mineral contained in urinary stones using the infrared spectrum and the value of HU (hounsfield unit) from the image mCT-Scan. The results of FTIR characterization showed that the mineral content of urinary stones consisted of calcium oxlate monohydrate, uric acid, calcium oxalate and phosphate mixed stones and cystine-phosphate mixed stones. mCT-Scan results showed the mineral content of urinary stones such as calcium oxalate and cystine mixed stone, calcium oxalate, struvite, and cystine mixed stones, and calcium oxalate and uric acid mixed stones. This show that the two modalities are be able to determine the mineral content of urinary stones. It can be seen that the characteristic absorption spectrum of the FTIR for each sample is different and from the mCT-Scan image results, the HU value varies so that it indicates the mineral content of the observed urine stone sample are different.
... The FTIR spectra of the biochars (500-2000 cm − 1 ) are shown in Fig. 1. The CB300 spectrum showed intense absorption bands associated with carboxyl groups (1700 cm − 1 ) (Keiluweit et al., 2010), lignin and cellulose functionalities (1575-1600, 1260, 1160 and 1030 cm − 1 ) (Boeriu et al., 2004;Keiluweit et al., 2010), Ca carbonate (1798, 1432, 875 and 713 cm − 1 ) (Bruckman and Wriessnig, 2013), Ca oxalate (1618, 1314, 779, 518 cm − 1 ) (Asyana et al., 2016) and phosphates in Ca hydroxyapatite (1080, 1030 and 603 cm − 1 ) (Trinkunaite-Felsen et al., 2014) (Fig. 1a). Whereas, the CB600 showed much lower absorption bands associated with carboxyl groups, lignin and cellulose functionalities, and Ca oxalate, and there was an increase in intensity of the bands associated with Ca carbonate and Mg-substituted hydroxyapatite (944-988 cm − 1 ). ...
Soil application of biochars has been shown to effectively immobilize potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Soil water regime can also affect PTE availability. No previous studies have examined the interactive effect of bio-chars and soil water regime on Pb availability. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of high and low temperature (300 and 600 • C) biochars derived from cow manure (CB), municipal compost (MB) and licorice root pulp (LB) applied at 3 wt%, under two soil moisture regimes (field capacity (FC) and saturation (ST)) on Pb release kinetics and chemical fractions in a Pb-contaminated calcareous soil. Results showed that CB and MB treatments significantly enhanced Pb stabilization compared to LB, attributed to their favorable chemical properties (high P, ash, carbonate, oxidizable C content and high pH) which could promote Pb conversion into stable chemical fractions. Immobilization of Pb was enhanced under saturated conditions compared to FC by the treatments, which is attributed to increased soil pH, reduction of metal oxides and possible formation of sulfides. The most significantly effective treatments were the CB300, CB600 and MB600 treatments under ST, as indicated by significant decrease in soil Pb mobility factor from 29.1% (CL + FC) to 21.2-22.9%, and 11.7-16.3% increase in non-EDTA-extractable Pb. Results of this study demonstrate that combined application of high ash biochars and soil water saturation significantly enhances Pb immobilization in calcareous soil.
... Other features along the spectrum have been reported to be characteristic to COM or COD [24]. The spectrum of a pure calcium oxalate monohydrate shows high absorbances at 1600 cm -1 and 1300 cm -1 , corresponding to the C=O and C-O stretching vibrations, respectively [25]. In most of our specimens, an absorption peak is present at 1600 cm -1 , but it shows a lower intensity that the one at 1300 cm -1 . ...
... If we look at the region of 800-500 cm -1 , we see that the band at 660 cm -1 is present in specimens VII and IX, which may suggest that they contain a higher fraction of COM. However, in the 3500-3000 cm -1 region, we see multiple peaks characteristic of COM (corresponding to symmetric and antisymmetric -OH stretching [25]) in all the specimens except VII and IX, which display broader spectra more compatible with COD [22]. In fact, this is the criterion often used by clinicians to discern between COM and COD [23]. ...
... In fact, this is the criterion often used by clinicians to discern between COM and COD [23]. Additionally, most of the specimens display a weak shoulder at around 1010 cm -1 , which could be compatible with the stretching frequency of P-O bonds [25]. Taken together, the data suggest that COM is the main phase across both groups of stones. ...
Objective
Calcium oxalate stones are the most common type among stone-forming patients and, in some cases result from predisposed genetic conditions. In this work, we examined the differences in structure and chemical composition between oxalate stones from patients from three groups: 1) pediatric patients that were genetically predisposed (primary hyperoxaluria) to form stones (PPH); 2) control pediatric patients that did not have such genetic predisposition (PN-PH); 3) adult patients that formed oxalate stones without the genetic predisposition (A-CaOx). A variety of instrumental analyses were conducted to identify physicochemical properties of stones characteristic of predisposed pediatric (PPH), pediatric hyperoxaluria (PN-PH), and adult (A-CaOx) patient populations.
Methods
Genetic variants of 16 stone-forming patients were determined using whole-exome gene sequencing. Components of stones from PPH (n=6), PN-PH (n=5), and A-CaOx (n=5) groups were identified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Stone morphology and density were evaluated using high resolution X-ray computed tomography (micro-XCT). Stone microstructure and elemental composition were mapped with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, respectively.
Results
Calcium oxalate bipyramidal crystals were found on stones from all groups. Stones from PPH patients with PH types I and II were composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) with relatively uniform mineral density (1224±277 mg/cc) and distinct smooth surfaces. By contrast, micro-spherical calcium phosphate particles were found only on PN-PH stones, which also showed a broader range of mineral densities (1266±342 mg/cc). Stones from the PN-PH group also contained phosphorus (P), which was virtually absent in NP-PH stones. A-CaOx stones were of significantly lower mineral density (645±237 mg/cc) than pediatric stones and were more heterogeneous in their elemental composition.
Conclusion
Unique structural and compositional characteristics were identified in stones from pediatric patients with primary hyperoxaluria. These include the virtual absence of phosphorus, a narrow density distribution, and a uniform elemental composition compared to stones from pediatric patients without the genetic predisposition. Thus, characterization of stones at the macro- and micro-scales in combination with genetic testing can provide accurate diagnoses and insights to develop a treatment plan for effective patient care.
