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In this study, we have synthesized covalently-grafted poly(o-methoxyaniline) nanocomposites in the presence of amine-functionalization of graphene oxide sheets (POMA/f-GO) via an in situ oxidative polymerization poly(o-methoxyaniline) initiated by those amino groups on graphene. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transfer infrared...
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Citations
... Also, stretching peaks at 1719 cm −1 , 1629 cm −1 , 1384 cm −1 and www.mrs.org/jmr Article 1102 cm −1 represent C=O,C=C stretching of unoxidised graphite, epoxy group and alkoxy groups (C-O), respectively [28,29]. ...
... Further, strong bonding between amines group and C=O groups of graphene oxide causes a minor peak at 3380 cm −1 [31]. Two very strong bands with intensity peaks at around 1662 cm −1 [32] and 1238 cm −1 [29] were due to -NH 2 bending vibration of primary amine and presence of epoxy groups (C-O-C), respectively. For carboxyl group (COOH), 1719 cm −1 shows C=O stretching vibration band [33]. ...
Nanofluids are of interest for demanding heat transfer applications especially for electronics area
but their stability still needs to be addressed. This paper reports investigations into stability, thermal
conductivity, rheological behaviour and photo-thermal behaviour of amine functionalised graphene
oxide (f-GO)/deionised water (D.I.) based nanofluids. Functionalisation of GO with amine enhances the
hydrophilicity of GO and hence, improves the dispersibility. Nanofluids are prepared using two-step
method by suspending synthesised f-GO nanoparticles in D.I water. These f-GO/D.I. water nanofluids are
found to best stable, the as-prepared nanofluids showed enhanced photothermal response and solar
energy absorption capability. Moreover, through careful control of the nanoparticles concentration and
direction of illumination, highly uniform temperature distribution (temperature spread of approximately
1% only) has been achieved. Furthermore, enhancements in thermal conductivity (@at 55 °C) of the
f-GO/D.I water nanofluids are found to be 33.44%, 35.91% and 40.04% for 0.01 wt%, 0.05 wt% and
0.1 wt%, respectively. Corresponding theoretical model based fitting for the thermal conductivity is
also reported. In terms of rheological behaviour, it was found that higher shear rate (50 s−
1) showed
Newtonian behaviour of prepare nanofluids. It can be concluded from the obtained results that the
synthesised nanofluid possess excellent photothermal response, enhanced thermal conductivity along
with remarkable stability and hence be of potential use for heat transfer as well as photo-thermal energy
conversion and transport.
... FTIR of granular samples (Fig. 2b) showed unmodified and biochemically modified samples with characteristic hydroxyl peak (3260 cm − 1 ) which disappeared on heat treatment, indicating consumption of functionality. Moreover, heat treatment has induced alkene contents at 1400-1600 cm − 1 [36,37] which were originally absent in unmodified sample. Data showed a decrease in alkene contents upon biochemical treatment, indicating alkene as active site for incorporation of biomolecules. ...
Applied materials from bio-wastes are becoming the center of attention for researchers due to convincing concerns for their effectiveness, bio-sustainability, affordability, and environmental friendliness. In this research, different forms of carbon particles (CP) were produced from walnut shells to check their response against acne. Surface chemistry of CPs was modified in two steps: first, by thermal or oxidative-thermal treatment, and second, by biochemical treatment with the drugs triamcinolone acetonide (TA) or hydrocortisone sodium succinate (HSS) at pH 4 and 7. Prepared CPs have been analyzed for their surface chemistry, morphology and bioactivity. With the exception of GTOT, surface modifications have decreased oil absorption capacity and drug release pattern while increasing dispersion, pH and base contents. The GTOT and PTOT-N1 samples exhibited highest oil absorption capacities of 0.137 g/0.05 g and 0.130 g/0.05 g, respectively. Additionally, thermal and thermo-chemical modifications have slightly decreased in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity but substantially decreased cytotoxicity (almost 5–6 folds in comparison to unmodified particles). Anti-inflammatory response has been checked against P. acnes. Among various prepared samples, it was observed that Bio-PUT-4 and Bio-PTOT-7 exhibited the most significant levels of anti-inflammatory activity, at 94.19 % and 93.54 % respectively. Thermally modified samples, additionally, have shown magnetic behavior.
... The peak at 118 cm − 1 is credited to the presence of C-N stretching vibration of benzenoid ring confirms the successful deposition of PANI on cotton and aminated GO fabric [27]. Sample A-2 exhibits peak at 1558 cm − 1 that assigned to the N-H bond of aminated GO [28]. With the successful plating of silver, all fabrics showed low intensity of peaks as silver covers the surface of fabrics and results are illustrated in Fig. 3(b). ...
The interference and pollution caused by electromagnetic radiation have become serious concerns due to the advancements in telecommunications and electronic technology. Highly efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are thus urgently needed. The primary purpose of this research is to design silver/ polyaniline/aminated graphene oxide based EMI shielding textiles over a wide frequency range to protect humans from harmful electromagnetic radiation. For this, layer by layer strategy was adapted to develop conductive textiles for remarkable EMI shielding performance in a wide range of frequency. Electroless plating of silver was performed on polyaniline-based aminated graphene oxide (AGO) fabric to achieve a multilayered structure. Our shielding effectiveness (SE) findings demonstrate that these modified fabrics provide excellent EMI shielding efficiency across multiple frequency bands, including UHF, L-band, S-band, C-band, and X-band. The modified fabric showed EMI SE greater than 40 dB in all bands of frequency and it is greater than the commercial requirement. Moreover, these fabrics are antibacterial and hydrophobic in nature and the greatest antibacterial activity was exhibited by silver/polyaniline/aminated graphene oxide fabric about 97 % and 99% against E.coli and S. aureus respectively. These modified fabrics have the potential to significantly reduce electromagnetic radiation pollution and protect human life owing to their exceptional EMI shielding properties.
... polyaniline (PANI), poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polythiophene (PTh), and polypyrrole (PPy) were investigated for the electrochemical execution. These above-demonstrated polymers had drawn in much consideration because of their minimal cost, and high electrical conductivity [13]. As of late, scientists have escalated examinations about the conducting PANI as an active material for supercapacitor electrodes due to the excellent electrical conductivity, numerous redox reactions, large capacitance value, facile synthesis, and quick doping-dedoping of the ions during the charge-discharge cycles [14]. ...
The present research deals in preparing Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4 (spinel ferrite) by sol–gel procedure, polyaniline (PANI) by chemical oxidative method, and Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4-PANI nanocomposite by physical blending method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study affirms the formation of Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4-PANI nanocomposite owing to the appearance of two different types of peaks: sharp Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4 peaks, and broader PANI peaks. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4-PANI nanocomposite shows all characteristic vibrational bands, which are observed in the Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4 and PANI spectra. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) micrographs have been employed for measuring the average particle size by using ImageJ software. The encapsulation of the synthesized ferrite nanoparticle with the PANI matrix is exhibited by the FESEM micrograph of Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4-PANI nanocomposite. The electrochemical activity of the novel Mn0.3Co0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4-PANI nanocomposite is manifested to be higher as compared to their counterparts on account of synergistic impact, continual movement of electrons toward the electrode, and multiple redox reactions.
... Displaying structural and physicochemical properties similar to PANI, poly(o-methoxyaniline) (POMA) is an "Intrinsically Conducting Polymer" (ICP) employed in several technological applications, including electromagnetic shielding in the microwave range [14], manufacture of films for electroluminescent devices [15], as well as in hybrid and composite films for ammonia gas sensors (NH 3 ) [16,17]. Moreover, POMA can also be found in nanocomposites for applications in electrochemical supercapacitors [18], dye-sensitized solar-cell electrodes [19], composites containing carbon nanotubes or graphene [20], and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) for biosensors [21]. This interest in the technological application is motivated by POMA's interesting properties, such as biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, ease of synthesis, low density, high mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, as well as the possibility of fine-tuning structural modifications [14,20]. ...
The temperature dependence of the electrical properties of composites formed by bipha-sic sodium titanate and poly(o-methoxyaniline) (Na2Ti3O7/Na2Ti6O13/POMA) with different concentrations of POMA (0%, 1%, 10%, 15%, 35% and 50%) in the ceramic matrix was determined from measurements of complex impedance. The structural details were studied by means of X-ray dif-fraction, confirming the formation of the Na2Ti3O7/Na2Ti6O13/POMA composites. The displacement of the (200) reflection from 2è = 10.45° to 11.15° in the composites with 10 and 15% of POMA suggested the partial replacement of H + for Na + in the Na2Ti3O7 structure. The thermal properties were investigated by Thermogravimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis. The Thermogravimetry curves of the composites with POMA content of 1, 10 and 15% presented profiles similar to that of pure sodium titanate sample. The composites with 35 and 50% of POMA showed a process at temperatures around 60-70 °C, which was associated with water absorbed by the polymer. The analysis of the complex impedance spectroscopy measurements revealed that the electrical resis-tivity of the composites in the range from 0 to 35% increased by two orders of magnitude, with different values for each concentration. This positive temperature coefficient of resistivity was less noticeable in the composite with highest POMA mass content (50%). The rapid increase in resis-tivity caused an increase in the relaxation time calculated from the time domain. The electrical response of the 50% of POMA compound changes in relation to what was observed in the other compounds, which suggests that there is a saturation limit in the increase in resistivity with POMA content. Citation: Costa, S.D.S.; da Silva, J.; Biondo, M.M.; Sanches, E.A.; da Silva Paula, M.; Nobre, F.X.; Rivera, J.A.; Zulueta, Y.A.; Torikachvili, M.S.; Sampaio, D.V.; et al. Temperature dependence of the electrical properties of Na2Ti3O7/Na2Ti6O13/POMA composites. Molecules 2022, 27, 5756.
... All spectra showed broad peak of -OH group but S1 sample has lower intensity due to the presence of amine group. Moreover, S1 has additional peak at 1542 cm − 1 that might be due to the presence of N-H bond (Mohammadi et al. 2017). ...
Endowing conductive textiles for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding with dominant absorption mechanism is highly demanding. In this study, we propose a facile method of silver electroless plating on aminated graphene oxide (NH 2 -GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) based cotton fabric for remarkable EMI shielding performance. The successful formation of silver-plated fabrics was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). EMI shielding performance and surface resistance were studied by vector network analyzer (VNA) and four-probe digital multimeter respectively. Antibacterial activity and hydrophobicity of modified fabrics were also evaluated. Our results showed that all fabrics have good antibacterial activity, and the highest antibacterial activity was shown by silver/rGO fabric about 99.99%. Silver-plated aminated GO-based fabric exhibits low surface resistance and its EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) reaches 49 dB at 7 GHz with 1.2 mm thickness as amination of GO provides more functional groups for silver electroless plating. Moreover, these modified fabrics have higher SE A rather than SE R that verifying the absorption characteristic of material. Thus, the remarkable EMI shielding performance of silver-plated NH 2 -GO fabrics tends to make significant progress in eliminating electromagnetic radiations pollution from our environment.
... Enhanced electrochemical energy storage and improved absorption of lithium ions were found, respectively, suggesting a worthwhile use as ultra-fast capacitors and long-life anode electrodes (respectively) [65,79]. The use of GO can be worthwhile also in conjunction with conducing polymers such as poly(o-methoxyaniline) (POMA): the covalently grafted POMA/GO nanocomposites demonstrated electrochemical capacitance as high as 422 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 current density and satisfactory durability (less than 5% capacitance loss after 1000 cycles) [80]. ...
Interest in the development of graphene-based materials for advanced applications is growing, because of the unique features of such nanomaterials and, above all, of their outstanding versatility, which enables several functionalization pathways that lead to materials with extremely tunable properties and architectures. This review is focused on the careful examination of relationships between synthetic approaches currently used to derivatize graphene, main properties achieved, and target applications proposed. Use of functionalized graphene nanomaterials in six engineering areas (materials with enhanced mechanical and thermal performance, energy, sensors, biomedical, water treatment and catalysis) was critically reviewed, pointing out latest advances and potential challenges associated with the application of such materials, with a major focus on the effect that the physicochemical features imparted by functionalization routes exert on the achievement of ultimate properties capable of satisfying or even improving the current demand in each field. Finally, current limitations in terms of basic scientific knowledge and nanotechnology were highlighted, along with the potential future directions towards the full exploitation of such fascinating nanomaterials.
... As shown in the SEM Table 1 FTIR peaks corresponding to the surface chemistry of the samples. [ [29][30][31] images, the pure PP film exhibited a neat surface ( Fig. S1(a)). Photografting of GMA into the mixture of water and methanol resulted in a breath figure array (BFA); this can be seen as pores on the surface of the PP film ( Fig. S1(b)). ...
A non-migratory antioxidant clean label was developed by photografting monomers onto a conventional packaging polymer. The polypropylene (PP) film was initially brushed with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) to prepare a reactive surface with a large amount of oxirane ring (PP-g-GMA) using a photografting method. Next, a conducting polymer (p-anisidine (PA)) was immobilized on the surface of reactive film (PP-g-GMA) through a ring-opening reaction to develop an antioxidant film (PP-g-GMA-g-PA). The chemical structure and atomic composition of the surface of the antioxidant film were characterized through FTIR and XPS, respectively. In addition, the microstructure and morphology of the grafted surface were observed by SEM and AFM. A DPPH assay and electrochemical analysis showed that the PP-g-GMA-g-PA film displayed antioxidant properties and oxidation/reduction features. Moreover, the storage test in various food matrices demonstrated that the antioxidant films can prolong the shelf life of food, in which the antioxidant film significantly retarded vitamin C degradation and oil oxidation during storage. This system exhibited non-migratory characteristics; no migration residues were detected in simulant solvents after incubation, which can be used for biomedical and packaging applications.
... In addition to the aforementioned N-and S-doped nanosheets, functionalized-rGO and -graphene nanosheets and aerogels have also been documented for the fabrication of high-performance SCs [44][45][46][47][48]. ...
This review acmes the latest developments of composites of metal oxides/sulfide comprising of graphene and its analogues as electrode materials in the construction of the next generation of supercapacitors (SCs). SCs have become an indispensable device of energy-storage modes. A prompt increase in the number of scientific accomplishments in this field, including publications, patents, and device fabrication, has evidenced the immense attention they have attracted from scientific communities. These efforts have resulted in rapid advancements in the field of SCs, focusing on the development of electrode materials with features of high performance, economic viability, and robustness. It has been demonstrated that carbon-based electrode materials mixed with metal oxides and sulfoxides can perform extremely well in terms of energy density, durability, and exceptional cyclic stability. Herein, the state-of-the-art technologies relevant to the fabrication, characterization, and property assessment of graphene-based SCs are discussed in detail, especially for the composite forms when mixing with metal sulfide, metal oxides, metal foams, and nanohybrids. Effective synthetic methodologies for the nanocomposite fabrications via intercalation, coating, wrapping, and covalent interactions will be reviewed. We will first introduce some fundamental aspects of SCs, and briefly highlight the impact of graphene-based nanostructures on the basic principle of SCs, and then the recent progress in graphene-based electrodes, electrolytes, and all-solid-state SCs will be covered. The important surface properties of the metal oxides/sulfides electrode materials (nickel oxide, nickel sulfide, molybdenum oxide, ruthenium oxides, stannous oxide, nickel-cobalt sulfide manganese oxides, multiferroic materials like BaMnF, core-shell materials, etc.) will be described in each section as per requirement. Finally, we will show that composites of graphene-based electrodes are promising for the construction of the next generation of high performance, robust SCs that hold the prospects for practical applications.
... During synthesis process, the interfacial interaction between polymers and graphene, and the dispersion behavior are the major challenges in synthesizing high quality graphene aggregated polymer nanocomposites. [379] Thus, the surface of graphene has to be modified with polymers via covalent [380] and non-covalent [381] agents to form stable composites and the process will be employed initially, before the actual fabrication process. Hence, surface modification plays a significant role in overcoming the challenges incurred while synthesizing nanocomposites. ...
Two dimensional (2D) graphene and its derivatives modification with nanomaterials for formation of hybrid/ nanocomposites undergo stimulus-induced optical and electrical changes which are important for many new switchable device technologies.The feature article deals with a straight forward and versatile technique for the fabrication of semiconductor nanomaterials (CdS and TiO2) nanomaterials dispersed liquid crystals (NDLC) or graphene dispersed liquid crystal (GDLC) by stretching hydrogen bonds (H-) in the precursor droplets between two substrates to form a liquid bridge. Fewer liquid crystals (LCs) possess a conventional oriented nematic phase with optimal performances. Evolving advantages of thin film nanocomposite materials and switchable devices have fueled several developments in the field of flexible electronics, high contrast ratio smart display and optoelectronics. These advantages have been complemented with the expansion of novel composite materials such as GDLC and NDLC as sensors to monitor the inflammability, explosive nature and toxicity of chemicals. This discussion also delves into the fabrication of graphene-polymer nanocomposites dispersed in LCs, the necessity for bio-polymer incorporation and their biosensing and antimicrobial applications. Additionally, discussed the issues and challenges associated with understanding and exploiting the potentials of smart switchable devices fabricated by nanomaterials or polymer/graphene-based hybrid composite matrix. Following substantial development and optimized over decades, a novel mechanism employed in smart switchable devices via GDLC hybrid nanocomposite matrix has been found to offer
numerous benefits including being cost-effective, possessing a large area compatibility and large scalability in addition to seamless heterogeneous integration.
