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In this study, monoolein cubic phases (MO CP) were prepared for the pH-responsive and salt-responsive release of fructose diphosphate (FDP). The salt-responsive MO CP was synthesized by the Ca²⁺-mediated ionic gelation of hydrophobically modified alginate (HmAlg) in the water channel of the cubic phase. In addition, the HmAlg were electrostatically...
Citations
... In the present study, we developed a novel complex coacervate-based microneedle formed from gelatin-b protein (Gel) and polyquaternium-10 (QHECE). Gelatin is a protein with gel-forming properties; it is biocompatible, water-soluble, and biodegradable, and the products of its decomposition are easily absorbed by the body [27][28][29]. Depending on the pH of the medium, gelatin, as a polyampholyte, can form complexes with both cationic and anionic polymers or polysaccharides [30]. There are numerous publications in the literature that investigate the interactions of gelatin with polysaccharides of various origins, such as gum Arabic, sodium alginate, and -carrageenan investigated the process of gene transport utilizing polyelectrolyte nanoparticles produced from cationized gelatin and anionic polysaccharides, dextran sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate [31][32][33]. ...
... The ATR-FTIR spectra of pristine Gel B and of the copolymers CPMA/DMAA and CP5/DMAA were also acquired for comparison and have been shown in Figures S2-S4 in the Supplementary Materials. In particular, the FTIR spectrum of Gel B showed a C-N stretching band at 1237 cm −1 , the C=O stretching band of the amide II and of the amide I at 1531 cm −1 and 1632 cm −1 , respectively, -CH2 bending and -CH2 stretching at 1446 cm −1 and 2938 cm −1 , respectively, and, finally, the N-H stretching of amide I and II was detected at 3280 cm −1 in the form of a broad band [76]. In the spectrum of copolymer CPMA/DMAA (abbreviated to CPMA in Figure S3), a band of C-H stretching was observable at 2930 cm −1 , while bands of aldehydic and of amide C=O stretching were observable at 1720 cm −1 and 1611 cm −1 , respectively [8]. ...
Regenerative medicine is an interdisciplinary field aiming at restoring pathologically damaged tissues and whole organs by cell transplantation in combination with proper supporting scaffolds. Gelatine-based ones are very attractive due to their biocompatibility, rapid biodegradability, and lack of immunogenicity. Gelatine-based composite hydrogels, containing strengthening agents to improve their modest mechanical properties, have been demonstrated to act as extracellular matrices (ECMs), thus playing a critical role in “organ manufacturing”. Inspired by the lysyl oxidase (LO)-mediated process of crosslinking, which occurs in nature to reinforce collagen, we have recently developed a versatile protocol to crosslink gelatine B (Gel B) in the presence or absence of LO, using properly synthesized polystyrene- and polyacrylic-based copolymers containing the amine or aldehyde groups needed for crosslinking reactions. Here, following the developed protocol with slight modifications, we have successfully crosslinked Gel B in different conditions, obtaining eight out of nine compounds in high yield (57–99%). The determined crosslinking degree percentage (CP%) evidenced a high CP% for compounds obtained in presence of LO and using the styrenic amine-containing (CP5/DMAA) and acrylic aldehyde-containing (CPMA/DMAA) copolymers as crosslinking agents. ATR-FTIR analyses confirmed the chemical structure of all compounds, while optical microscopy demonstrated cavernous, crater-like, and labyrinth-like morphologies and cavities with a size in the range 15–261 µm. An apparent density in the range 0.10–0.45 g/cm3 confirmed the aerogel-like structure of most samples. Although the best biodegradation profile was observed for the sample obtained using 10% CP5/DMAA (M3), high swelling and absorption properties, high porosity, and good biodegradation profiles were also observed for samples obtained using the 5–10% CP5/DMAA (M4, 5, 6) and 20% CPMA/DMAA (M9) copolymers. Collectively, in this work of synthesis and physicochemical characterization, new aerogel-like composites have been developed and, based on their characteristics, which fit well within the requirements for TE, five candidates (M3, M4, M5, M6, and M9) suitable for future biological experiments on cell adhesion, infiltration and proliferation, to confirm their effective functioning, have been identified.
