Fig 2 - available from: BMC Urology
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FISH analyses of prostatic Burkitt's lymphoma. Microscopic observation of transurethral biopsy of the prostate and bladder neck. a FISH for MYC. Break apart assay to detect breakpoints in the MYC gene, showing separation of the probes (red and green) on one allele (1000x magnification). b FISH for BCL6. The break apart assay shows no evidence of breakpoints in the BCL6 gene (1000x magnification). c FISH for t(8;14). Fusion assay confirming the typical translocation t(8;14) (1000x magnification)
Source publication
Background:
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which include Burkitt's lymphoma, affect the prostate in only 0.1% of cases. They most commonly present as painless lymphadenopathy elsewhere in the body and can cause abdominal or thoracic pain and systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss and night sweats. Here we report a rare case of sporadic Burkitt's lym...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... was further confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization that gave normal results for the BCL6 probe, but showed the typical translocation t(8;14) with probes for MYC and t (8;14) (Fig. 2). This translocation induces the fusion of MYC and IGH gene loci and thereby leads to the dysregulation of the protooncogene MYC ...
Citations
... While there have been several reports on primary malignant lymphomas of the prostate, most of these malignancies are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas [2]. Only three reports have previously documented Burkitt's lymphoma of the prostate, found through the electronic databases PubMed using the keywords 'Burkitt's lymphoma' and 'prostate' [3][4][5]. The details of these cases are provided as a supplementary document. ...
... Primary malignant lymphoma of the prostate is a rare form of prostate malignancy, accounting for 0.09% of all prostate cancers [1]. In previous reports, most of these malignancies were documented as diffuse large B-cell lymphomas [2], with only three reports documenting Burkitt's lymphoma of the prostate [3][4][5]. This case presents several unique aspects compared to previous cases, enabling clinicians to better understand this rare disease. ...
Background:
Primary prostate Burkitt's lymphoma is a rare and aggressive condition with a poor prognosis. Its clinical presentation can be challenging to differentiate from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Given the rarity of primary prostate Burkitt's lymphoma, its diagnosis and treatment remain unclear.
Case summary:
This report presents a case of a 57-year-old male with primary prostate Burkitt's lymphoma, initially misdiagnosed as prostatic hyperplasia. This case's operative process, intraoperative findings and postoperative management are discussed in detail.
Conclusion:
Primary prostate lymphoma is difficult to distinguish from other prostate diseases. Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), a minimally invasive procedure, is crucial in diagnosing and treating this rare disease. Clinicians should remain vigilant and thoroughly combine physical examination, imaging and test results when encountering patients of younger age with small prostate size but a rapid progression of lower urinary tract symptoms. HoLEP is an essential diagnostic and therapeutic tool in managing primary prostate Burkitt's lymphoma.
... Prostatic involvement is a rare entity and represents less than 0.1% of genitourinary involvement, most often associated with extraprostatic involvement [3] [4]. ...
... Vesical and prostatic locations are very rare and their incidence is poorly known [7]. Indeed, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, which include Burkitt's lymphoma, affect the prostate in only 0.1% of cases [4]. They most often present as painless lymphadenopathy elsewhere in the body and can cause abdominal or chest pain and systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss and night sweats [4]. ...
... Indeed, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, which include Burkitt's lymphoma, affect the prostate in only 0.1% of cases [4]. They most often present as painless lymphadenopathy elsewhere in the body and can cause abdominal or chest pain and systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss and night sweats [4]. This symptomatology was present in our patient, including abdominal pain, profuse sweating and a deterioration in general condition. ...
Prostate lymphoma (PL) is rarely observed and may be concurrently presented with prostate adenocarcinoma. Moreover, the appearance of PL on conventional imaging is similar with prostate adenocarcinoma. Thus, most of PL is diagnosed through prostate biopsy, or accidentally found in the specimens of surgery. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT has improved the management of prostate adenocarcinoma. While, the question regarding whether it benefits the discovery of the characteristics of PL is unknown. A 32-year-old man presented with worsening dysuria for 1 month, and the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration was normal. While the pelvic MRI showed a mass in the prostate and multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the bilateral inguinal area. Then, the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma was considered, but the serum PSA was normal and he was younger than most patients. So, 18F-PSMA PET/CT was then performed to further reveal the characteristics of the lesion and guide biopsy. However, there was no abnormal PSMA uptake in the lesion of the prostate and lymph nodes of the pelvic cavity and bilateral inguinal area. These lesions presented with increased glucose metabolism on fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT, and the prostate biopsy was then performed. PL was confirmed based on the results of the histopathologic examination, and the patient subsequently received systemic chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. Fortunately, the symptoms and the lesions completely disappeared after radiotherapy. The clinical symptoms of PL are atypical, and PL and adenocarcinoma may be concurrently presented. Moreover, distinguishing PL from prostate adenocarcinoma based on the appearance of conventional imaging is difficult. As opposed to prostate adenocarcinoma, a high FDG-avidity and low PSMA uptake by lymphoma either in the prostate or metastases are seen. So, PSMA PET/CT combined with FDG PET/CT can non-invasively identify the characteristics and origin of PL.
The primary lymphoma of prostate is rare, representing 0.2–0.8% of extranodal lymphomas and 0.1% of all prostate neoplasias.
